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on Tourism Economics |
| By: | Baldwin, John R.<br/> Gu, Wulong<br/> Yan, Beiling |
| Abstract: | Labour productivity growth in the Canadian business sector slowed substantially after 2000. Most of the slowdown occurred in the manufacturing sector. This paper examines how this slowdown was associated with the restructuring that occurred in manufacturing as a result of the increase in excess capacity, the dramatic increase in the Canada-U.S. exchange rate and a slowdown in export growth. |
| Keywords: | Business performance and ownership, Manufacturing, Travel and tourism, Economic accounts, International travel, Productivity accounts |
| Date: | 2011–12–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:stc:stcp5e:2011075e&r=tur |
| By: | Joly, I. |
| Abstract: | The paper tests linear and non-linear specifications of the relationship between travel times and activity times, in 4 four French and three Swiss cities, observed at two different periods. First, following Kitamura et al. (1992), we test proportional assignment of total daily available time to activities (including transport). Second, proportionality is tested between (1) daily travel time associated with a given purpose with respect of the daily activity duration and (2) the travel time associated with the duration of the activity at destination. This last specification tests the travel time ratio proposed by Dijst and Vidakovic (2000). Third, because of the non appropriateness of the OLS method for analysing non-normally distributed duration data, we estimate travel time budgets in the duration model framework. We obtain non-linear relation between travel time and activity times. Only daily leisure time and daily travel time are fixed proportion of total daily available time. At disaggregated level, the trip duration do not show proportionality with activity duration. Leisure and shopping activities exhibit increasing and convex relation with travel time. |
| Keywords: | TIME USE;TRAVEL TIME;ACTIVITY BASED ANALYSIS |
| JEL: | R41 C41 |
| Date: | 2011 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gbl:wpaper:201103&r=tur |
| By: | Xavier Deville (National Bank of Belgium, Microeconomic Information Department); Saskia Vennix (National Bank of Belgium, Microeconomic Information Department) |
| Abstract: | This study assesses the economic importance of air transport and airport activities in Belgium in terms of employment, value added and investment over the period 2007 - 2009. The sector considered embraces not only the activities directly connected with air transport, but also all the activities which take place on site at the six Belgian airports (Antwerp, Brussels, Charleroi, Kortrijk, Liège, Ostend). The direct and indirect effects of the sector are estimated respectively on the basis of microeconomic data (mainly obtained from the Central Balance Sheet Office) and macroeconomic data (from the National Accounts Institute). The study also includes an analysis of the social balance sheet and certain ratios on the basis of Central Balance Sheet Office data. In 2009, the air transport sector thus defined generated over € 6.1 billion in direct and indirect value added (or 1.8 % of Belgium’s GDP), and provided direct or indirect employment for 80,300 people in full-time equivalents (or 2 % of domestic employment in FTE). Brussels Airport was the one most affected by the decline in global traffic in 2009, as a result of the economic crisis: in that year it ceased to be Belgium’s principal cargo airport, ceding that position to Liège Airport. However, the national airport still ranks first in the passenger market, accounting for almost three-quarters of traffic in 2010, despite the exponential growth of traffic at Charleroi Airport. Together, these two airports represented almost 97 % of passenger traffic passing through Belgium in 2010. |
| Keywords: | Air transport, airport activities, sector analysis, indirect effects, employment, value added, investments |
| JEL: | C67 D40 J21 L93 R15 R34 R41 |
| Date: | 2011–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbb:docwpp:201112-16&r=tur |
| By: | Angela Stefania Bergantino (University of Bari, Italy); Claudia Capozza (University of Bari, Italy) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates which factors influence airlines’ decisions when planning pricing strategies. We explore the impact of market structure and airlines pricing behaviour in a specific geographical context characterised by a low level of intermodal competition. The data used is, in fact, collected on a sample of southern Italian routes, for which alternative accessibility through different modes of transport is limited. We focus primarily on a specific type of pricing strategy: the intertemporal price discrimination (IPD). The IPD consists in charging different fares to different travellers according to the days missing to departure when the ticket is bought. The work aims to verify whether market’s concentration levels play a significant role in defining fare levels and, more in particular, whether airlines are more or less keen to engage in IPD when competition increases or when it reduces. The paper is structured as follows. In Section 2 we survey the relevant literature; the data collection is described Section 3 and in Section 4 we present the empirical strategy. Afterward, in Section 5 we discuss the main outcomes and in Section 6 we draw some conclusions. |
| Date: | 2011 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sit:wpaper:11_07&r=tur |