|
on Tourism Economics |
| By: | Bin Dong; Benno Torgler |
| Abstract: | What happens if national legal laws or enforcements and social norms are no longer able to directly regulate individual behaviour? According to our knowledge, not much empirical evidence has emerged answering such a seemingly simple question. The challenge is to distinguish between the effects of social norm and of legal enforcement. One way to explore such a question in an almost natural quasi-experimental setting is to focus on tourists’ behaviour. Tourists are visiting another country for a relatively short period of time and are acting in a different (legal) environment where formal and informal rules are different to those found in their own country. Using data from Australia we focus on gambling activities since these are prohibited in some countries. We find that tourists from countries where gambling is prohibited spend a significantly larger share of their entertainment expenditure on gambling than those who come from countries where gambling is legalized. Thus, gambling increases ("mice play") without legal enforcement ("when the cat is away"). It is also noteworthy that there seems to be a lack of internalized social norms that would prevent tourists from partaking in these gambling activities. |
| Keywords: | gambling; legal enforcement; social norms |
| JEL: | A13 K42 L82 |
| Date: | 2010–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cra:wpaper:2010-05&r=tur |
| By: | Hearn, Jeff (Hanken School of Economics); Tallberg, Teemu (Hanken School of Economics); McKie, Linda (Glasgow Caledonian University); Gripenberg, Pernilla (Hanken School of Economics); Jyrkinen, Marjut (Hanken School of Economics); Niemistö, Charlotta (Hanken School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | This Working Paper reports the background to the first stage of the ongoing research project, The Quest for Well-being in Growth Industries: A Collaborative Study in Finland and Scotland, conducted under the auspices of the Academy of Finland research programme The Future of Work and Well-being (2008-2011). This collaborative project provides national and transnational data, analysis and outputs. The study is being conducted in the Department of Management and Organisation, Hanken School of Economics, Finland, in collaboration with Glasgow Caledonian University, University of East London, Heriot-Watt University and Reading University, UK. The project examines policies and practices towards the enhancement of work-related well-being in growth industries, and contradictory pressures and tensions posed in this situation. The overall aim is to evaluate the development, implementation and use of work-related well-being policies in four selected growth industries. These sectors – electronics, care, finance and accounting, and tourism – have been selected on the basis of European Union and national forecasts, and demographic and socio-economic trends in employment. In this working paper we outline the background to the research study, the initial research plan, and how the survey of employers has been constructed. The working paper concludes with a brief discussion of general ongoing research issues arising in the project. |
| Keywords: | care; companies; cultures; employing organisations; methodology organisations; organisation carescapes; well-being; work |
| Date: | 2009–12–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhb:hanken:0548&r=tur |
| By: | Vinayak Uppal; Debjani Ghosh |
| Abstract: | The paper raises some hard questions that need to be answered before one can conclude that events such as Common Wealth Games has a positive effect on the host community. Can the financial requirements for such an event be possible to generate? Some other questions that arise out of such events, with particular relevance in this paper, is its impact on the urban scenario. Will the event lead to rampant and unchecked development, possibly unplanned? Will the infrastructure created be beneficial post-event or will it remain under utilised? Will the city’s infrastructure be able to bear the strain of additional visitors that flood the city during such an event? Will the event prove to be a hindrance to the city’s residents during the event? [Working paper No. 06- 12]. |
| Keywords: | city, Asian Games, Commonwealth Games, Olympics, Sports Authority of India, Sports facility structure, Ministry of Youth Affairs, sports infrastructure, development, financial requirements, urban scenario, community, infrastructure, sports event, |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ess:wpaper:id:2456&r=tur |
| By: | Gerard Delanty |
| Abstract: | The question of the European cultural heritage and the wider historical legacy of Europe has been the subject of much discussion in recent years as is reflected in new approaches to memory and commemoration, values, and European identity. Unlike earlier histories, which generally contained a ‘grand narrative,’ new histories of Europe are now generally more cautious in their assumptions about a continuity or a narrative based on the advancement of civilization. The general trend is towards a greater recognition of rupture, which must be measured against continuity, a unity in diversity and a certain problematization of the received values of tradition. This paper looks at various models for theorizing the European heritage in the wake of the end of the Grand Narrative accounts and makes the case for a critical cosmopolitan approach. |
| Date: | 2010–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eiq:eileqs:19&r=tur |
| By: | Arne Feddersen (Chair for Economic Policy, University of Hamburg); Wolfgang Maennig (Chair for Economic Policy, University of Hamburg) |
| Abstract: | This paper contributes to the analysis of large sporting events using highly disaggregated data. We use the 1996 Olympic Games in Atlanta, which are also outstanding as one of the very few large sporting events where ex post academic analysis found significant positive effects. This paper extends earlier studies in several ways. First, monthly rather than quarterly data will be employed. Second, the impact of the 1996 Olympics will be analyzed for 16 different sectors or subsectors. Third, in addition to standard DD models, we use a non-parametric approach to flexibly isolate employment effects. Regarding the Olympic effect, hardly any evidence for a persistent shift in the aftermath of or the preparation for the Olympic Games is supported. We find a significant positive employment effect in the monthly employment statistics exclusively during the staging of the Olympic Games (July 1996). These short-term effects are concentrated in the sectors of “retail trade”, “accommodation and food services”, and “arts, entertainment, and recreation”, while other sectors showed no such effects. |
| Keywords: | Olympic Games, Economic Impact, Ex-post Analysis, Employment, Sectoral Data |
| JEL: | H54 R12 L83 |
| Date: | 2010–03–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hce:wpaper:035&r=tur |
| By: | Jacopo A. Baggio; Rodolfo Baggio |
| Abstract: | Agent-based modelling and numerical simulations are means that facilitate exploring the structural and dynamic characteristics of systems which may prove intractable with analytical methods. This contribution examines the issues related to them with a particular attention to their use in the study of social economic and ecological systems. Besides a general description, the possibilities, limitations and their relationship with other more traditional investigation methods are examined. Special focus is put on the assessment of their validation and reliability. Finally an application example is provided. A simple model is built to analyse the movements of tourists and the relationship between these and the attractiveness of a tourism destination. The results are discussed along with possible future developments. |
| Keywords: | agent-based models, simulations, complex systems, tourism destination |
| Date: | 2009–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:don:donwpa:021&r=tur |