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on Transport Economics |
| By: | Stéphanie Souche-Le Corvec (LAET - Laboratoire Aménagement Économie Transports - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - ENTPE - École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Florent Laroche (LAET - Laboratoire Aménagement Économie Transports - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - ENTPE - École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Between myth and reality, the concept of autonomous vehicle (AV) is becoming a credible alternative for the coming decades. The objective of this paper is to improve our knowledge about attitudes towards autonomous vehicles (AV). The first challenge is to identify the activities which could be performed in the AV. The second challenge is to characterise emotions towards the AV while the third is to better understand the link between the socio-demographic characteristics and attitudes towards the AV. The analysis is based on an online survey with a representative panel in France (1 100 respondents). The results show that car users are those who are the most interested in the autonomous vehicle. Also, they will not be ready to use the full potential of AV because 70% of them declare "watching the road" as their main activity. This can be explained by the fact that AV is associated with feelings of stress, being afraid and apprehension, even for people who already use driving assistance systems. Of the people questioned, those between 46 to 65 years old have a more positive attitude toward AV than others. Finally, the possibility of working inside an AV acts negatively on AV use through the risk of the added workload anticipated by individuals and by the fact that individuals do not perceive the interest of working inside a vehicle rather than at home or in the workplace. |
| Keywords: | Autonomous Vehicle,Value of Time,Activity non related to driving task (NDRT),emotion,Working Papers du LAET |
| Date: | 2021 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-03488102&r= |
| By: | Mario Holzner (The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw); Katharina Weber; Muhammad Usman Zahid; Maximilian Zangl |
| Abstract: | In a study published in 2018 the Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies (wiiw) proposed the construction of a ‘European Silk Road’ encompassing a high-speed railway (HSR) network for Europe. To compliment the economic feasibility analysis by wiiw, this report aims to determine the environmental impact of the suggested northern core route – from Lyon to Moscow – by focussing on the net greenhouse-gas emissions, in CO2-eq.. The study uses a life cycle assessment (LCA) for the analysis of construction, maintenance, operation, and disposal of the HSR, to provide an estimate of how many tons of CO2-eq. can be saved over the span of 60 years. In generating a modal shift from road and air transport, the construction of an HSR line provides the potential for saving up to 10% of net CO2-eq. emissions in the EU27 for one year. Thus, the proposed high-speed line contributes to the current targets and goals of the European Union to reduce emissions and present smart, sustainable and inclusive economic solutions. |
| Keywords: | Infrastructure, Transport, High Speed Rail, Environmental Effects |
| JEL: | H54 R42 L92 Q51 |
| Date: | 2022–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wii:rpaper:rr:459&r= |
| By: | Jaller, Miguel; Pahwa, Anmol |
| Abstract: | This research brief summarizes findings from the project and report titled, "Cargo Routing and Disadvantaged Communities." In the project, the authors assessed whether eco-routing of freight traffic can improve transportation sustainability, and studied the cost-benefit trade-off for a carrier accounting for emissions in its routing decisions. They also explored geofencing as a tool to protect disadvantaged communities from freight traffic impacts. The authors developed advanced routing tools to understand the effects of eco-routing in the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) region, and the implementation of geographically constrained management strategies. |
| Keywords: | Engineering, Benefit cost analysis, Environmental impacts, Freight traffic, Pollutants, Routes and routing, Traffic assignment |
| Date: | 2021–11–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:itsdav:qt9x64f6t7&r= |
| By: | Echeverría, Lucía; Gimenez-Nadal, J. Ignacio; Molina, José Alberto |
| Abstract: | Mobility gives individuals access to different daily activities, facilities, and places, but at the cost of imposing environmental burdens. The sustainable growth of society is linked to green mobility (e.g., public transport, walking, cycling) as a way to alleviate individual carbon footprints. This study explores the socio-demographic profile of individuals performing green travel (public and physical modes of transport) and identifies cross-country differences in green travelling behavior. We rely on information from the Multinational Time Use Study, MTUS. for Bulgaria, Canada, Spain, France, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the United States, from 2000 to 2019. We estimate Ordinary Least Squares regressions modelling individual decisions regarding green mobility. Our results indicate that the socio-demographic and family profile of travelers is not homogenous across green modes of transport, with physical travel exhibiting a much more consistent profile, across countries, in comparison to the use of public transport. Results indicate a positive relationship between living in urban areas and the time proportion of green travel, but estimates by country differ in magnitude and depend on the mode. We also find that some countries are more prone to green travel, and that transport infrastructure is more related to the proportion of time travelled by physical transport than by public transport. Our findings help in understanding who is committed to green mobility, while revealing systematic differences across countries that are worth analyzing. |
| Keywords: | Perfil del Viajero; Medios de Transporte; Transporte No Motorizado; Transporte Público; |
| Date: | 2021–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nmp:nuland:3570&r= |
| By: | Echeverría, Lucía; Gimenez-Nadal, J. Ignacio; Molina, José Alberto |
| Abstract: | Carpooling is a sustainable daily mobility mode, implying significant reductions in energy consumption and CO2 emissions, although it remains an uncommon practice. With the aim of stimulating this green transportation mode, this paper focus on understanding why certain individuals will agree to share a car to a common destination, apart from the obvious environmental benefit in emissions. It first describes the profile of users and then explores the relationship between this transportation mode and the participants' well- being. To that end, we have selected two countries, the UK and the US, where the use of cars represents a high proportion of daily commuting. We use the UK Time Use Survey (UKTUS) from 2014-2015 and the Well-Being Module of the American Time Use Survey (ATUS) from 2010-2012-2013 to identify which groups in the population are more likely to pool their cars, and with whom those individuals enjoy carpooling more. Results indicate that individuals with certain socio-demographic characteristics and occupations are more likely to commute by carpooling, but the profile seems to be country-specific. Furthermore, our evidence reveals a positive relationship between carpooling and well-being during commuting. |
| Keywords: | Carpooling; Perfil del Consumidor; Medios de Transporte; Bienestar; |
| Date: | 2021–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nmp:nuland:3568&r= |
| By: | Sandkamp, Alexander; Stamer, Vincent; Yang, Shuyao |
| Abstract: | Despite a general agreement that piracy poses a significant threat to maritime shipping, empirical evidence regarding its economic consequences remains scarce. This paper combines firm-level Chinese customs data and ship position data with information on pirate attacks to investigate how exporting firms and cargo ships respond to maritime piracy. It finds that overall exports along affected shipping routes fall following an increase in pirate activity. In addition, piracy induces firms to switch from ocean to air shipping, while remaining ocean shipments become larger. At the ship-level, the paper provides evidence for re-routing, as container ships avoid regions prone to pirate attacks. |
| Keywords: | Trade,Transport,China,Piracy,Container Shipping |
| JEL: | F14 F19 N70 R41 |
| Date: | 2021 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ifwkie:248699&r= |
| By: | ITF |
| Abstract: | This paper analyses regulations that support non-motorised mobility in Bogotá and Mexico City. It reviews the promotion of bicycles as a sustainable alternative to cars and the rapid implementation of cycling lanes as a substitute for public transport under the Covid-19 crisis. It also discusses the renewed interest in support for dockless micromobility sharing systems. It focuses on subsidies and revision of regulations as avenues to ensure that micromobility will make a durable contribution to sustainable mobility in these cities. |
| Date: | 2021–03–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:itfaab:2021/12-en&r= |
| By: | ITF |
| Abstract: | This report evaluates policies for transitioning to clean vehicles and clean energy for road transport. The review includes measures that can help to scale up the transition quickly and instruments to manage it. It analyses technologies for clean passenger cars, light commercial vehicles, buses and trucks, and identifies solutions that deliver the greatest benefits. It reviews the policies for the promotion of clean vehicles currently in place and assesses the response of private sector stakeholders. The study specifically takes account of increasing digital connectivity and automation. |
| Date: | 2021–07–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:itfaab:90-en&r= |
| By: | Oliver Alexander (Accenture); Jeff Borland (Department of Economics, The University of Melbourne); Andrew Charlton (Accenture); Amit Singh (Accenture) |
| Abstract: | We investigate the labour market for Uber drivers in Australia using administrative and survey data. Uber drivers’ total hours of work and driving schedules exhibit substantial heterogeneity and week-to-week variation. We identify several pathways to driving with Uber, associated with different income and job satisfaction outcomes. Drivers for whom Uber is a supplemental source of earnings tend to have increased incomes after joining Uber and express above-average levels of job satisfaction; whereas drivers who are looking for other work have lower incomes and express below-average levels of job satisfaction. Drivers in Australia are relatively more likely to be using Uber to earn supplemental income rather than as their main source of income, similar to the United States, but different from London and France. We find that average earnings (after costs) of Uber drivers in Sydney in 2018 were $21.00 per hour. Variability in earnings between drivers depends primarily on differences in the number of trips per hour – which in turn is related to job tenure, time and location of driving, and the proportion of offered trips accepted by drivers. |
| Keywords: | gig economy, Uber, working time, earnings, job satisfaction |
| JEL: | J40 M50 |
| Date: | 2021–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iae:iaewps:wp2021n18&r= |