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on Transport Economics |
| By: | Jesus Gonzalez-Feliu (LET - Laboratoire d'économie des transports - CNRS : UMR5593 - École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État [ENTPE] - Université Lumière - Lyon II); Aurélie Mercier (LET - Laboratoire d'économie des transports - CNRS : UMR5593 - École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État [ENTPE] - Université Lumière - Lyon II) |
| Abstract: | Although accessibility is usually known by urban planners, it is often applied to only people transport. However, retailing deployment needs to relate accessibility and attractiveness to both people transport (for shopping purpose) and goods transport (for delivery purpose to retailers). This paper proposes an exploratory gravity accessibility analysis applied to urban goods transport in Lyon, France, to support public decision choices in terms of retailing land use. First, an overview of accessibility used in urban goods transport is made to motivate the proposed framework. Second, the indicator is presented and justified. Third, the analysis is applied to the current situation for the urban area of Lyon, presenting and discussing the main results. Finally, recommendations to public authorities for their land-use policy assessment in terms of impacts on freight transport are proposed. |
| Keywords: | retailing land-use; urban goods transport; accessibility; attractiveness |
| Date: | 2013–10–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00919537&r=tre |
| By: | Vij, Akshay |
| Keywords: | Architecture |
| Date: | 2013–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:uctcwp:qt7nq9p0cv&r=tre |
| By: | Xavier d'Haultfoeuille (CREST); Isis Durrmeyer (University of Mannheim); Philippe Février (CREST) |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we investigate whether French consumers have modified their preferences towards environmentally-friendly vehicles between 2003 and 2008. We estimate a model of demand for automobiles incorporating both consumers’ heterogeneity and CO2 emissions of the vehicles. Our results show that there has been a shift in preferences towards low-emitting cars, with an average increase of 367 euros of the willingness to pay for a reduction of 10 grams of carbon dioxide per kilometer. We also stress a large heterogeneity in the evolution of preferences between consumers. Rich and young people are more sensitive to environmental issues, and our results are in line with votes for the green party at the presidential elections. We relate these changes with two environmental policies that were introduced at these times, namely the obligation of indicating energy labels by the end of 2005 and a feebate based on CO2 emissions of new vehicles in 2008. Our results suggest that such policies have been efficient tools to shift consumers utility towards environmentally-friendly goods, the shift in preferences accounting for 20% of the overall decrease in average CO2emissions of new cars on the period |
| Keywords: | Environmental policy, Consumers'preferences, CO2 emissions, Automobiles |
| JEL: | D12 H23 L62 Q51 |
| Date: | 2013–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:crs:wpaper:2013-14&r=tre |
| By: | Jean-Louis Routhier (LET - Laboratoire d'économie des transports - CNRS : UMR5593 - École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État [ENTPE] - Université Lumière - Lyon II); Jesus Gonzalez-Feliu (LET - Laboratoire d'économie des transports - CNRS : UMR5593 - École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État [ENTPE] - Université Lumière - Lyon II) |
| Abstract: | Ce document est une première tentative de en perspective les flux de transport de marchandises avec le fonctionnement de la ville et la morphologie urbaine, à travers les différentes étapes franchies au cours de ces vingt dernières années en termes de méthode et d'outils de connaissance et selon les avancées technologiques et organisationnelles. Premièrement, l'état des lieux après vingt ans de projets et de recherches dans le domaine est présenté, en mettant l'accent sur les projets français et la contribution du programme PREDIT aux avancées de la recherche en logistique urbaine. Deuxièmement, les liens entre transport de marchandises en ville et morphologie de la ville sont adressés. Finalement, des pistes en termes de décision publique pour les aménageurs |
| Keywords: | logistique urbaine; morphologie urbaine; PREDIT; aménagement urbain; transport de marchandises en ville |
| Date: | 2013 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00835650&r=tre |
| By: | Kang, Jee E |
| Keywords: | Engineering |
| Date: | 2013–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:uctcwp:qt0cm3b1gq&r=tre |
| By: | Madsen, Edith; Mulalic, Ismir; Pilegaard, Ninette |
| Abstract: | This paper presents a stylized econometric model for the demand for on-street parking with focus on estimation of the elasticity of demand with respect to the full cost of parking. The full cost of parking consists of a parking fee and the cost of searching for a vacant parking space (cruising). The cost of cruising is usually unobserved. Ignoring this issue implies a downward bias of the elasticity of demand with respect to the total cost of parking since the cost of cruising depends on the number of cars parked. We also demonstrate that, even when the cost of cruising is unobserved, the demand elasticity can be identified by extending the econometric model to include the spatial interaction between the parking facilities. We illustrate the model with on-street parking data from Copenhagen and find indications of a somewhat greater parking demand elasticity than is usually reported in the literature. |
| Keywords: | on-street parking, demand estimation. |
| JEL: | C51 L91 R41 |
| Date: | 2013–12–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:52301&r=tre |
| By: | TALARICO, Luca; SÖRENSEN, Kenneth; SPRINGAEL, Johan |
| Abstract: | In this paper we defi?ne a new problem, the aim of which is to fi?nd a set of k dissimilar alternative solutions for a vehicle routing problem (VRP) on a single instance. ?This problem has several practical applications in the cash-in-transit sector and in the transportation of hazardous materials. A min-max mathematical formulation is developed that minimizes the objective function value of the worst solution. A distance measure is de?fined based on the edges shared between pairs of alternative solutions. An iterative heuristic algorithm to generate k dissimilar alternative solutions is also presented. ?The solution approach is tested using large and medium size benchmark instances for the capacitated vehicle routing problem. |
| Keywords: | Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), Metaheuristic, Security, Similarity |
| Date: | 2013–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ant:wpaper:2013029&r=tre |
| By: | Hidekazu Itoh (Kwansei Gakuin University - Kwansei gakuin University) |
| Abstract: | This study reviews port cargo flow structure on hinterland/foreland (i.e. shippers' port use propensity) in Japan to examine port policy. Port service areas are analysed by conducting fuzzy clustering for 47 prefectures in Japan. Container cargo flow survey data from 1988 to 2008 at five-year intervals are used. Clusters of shippers' use of ports are discussed; that is, shippers' groups are determined using export/import handling cargo data on the basis of weight, cross section, and time series. The share changes of major Japanese ports for handling international container cargo indicated that only the Kobe port experienced significant volume reduction. However, port market areas have greatly changed in the last 20 years. Major ports lost shares of neighbouring market areas and gained small shares of remote areas (i.e. from regional ports). In contrast, regional ports groups expanded their market area beyond their regional areas. These structural changes to port market area differ between export and import cargo. For example, the Kyushu ports group lost significant market area in the Kyushu region on import cargo, but expanded them on export cargo in some prefectures in the Kyushu region. |
| Keywords: | port market area, port use propensity, hinterland/foreland, fuzzy clustering, Japan |
| Date: | 2013–07–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-00918672&r=tre |
| By: | Sanders, Rebecca L |
| Keywords: | Architecture |
| Date: | 2013–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:uctcwp:qt1tf5v738&r=tre |
| By: | Shachmurove, Yochanan; Vulanovic, Milos |
| Abstract: | In this study we examine how Specified Purpose Acquisition Companies (SPACs) were used as a financing tool for companies in the shipping industry in period 2004-2011. We confirm that SPACs focused on acquisitions in the shipping industry have similar characteristics as the population of SPACs that entered U.S financial markets in the same period. When their characteristics differ, SPACs focused on shipping are larger in size than the rest of SPACs, have larger number of underwriters in syndicate, and have a higher rate of merger success. Also, the founders of shipping SPACs tend to be, on average, younger than their counterparts. Additionally, we confirm that shipping companies merge into SPACs for the benefits of acquiring public listing and receiving SPAC’s cash. The fact that some SPACs in our sample went private soon after the merger makes us believe that financing motives were more important than public listing motives |
| Keywords: | SPACs, Specified Purpose Acquisition Companies, Blank Check, IPO, M&A, Private Equity, Shipping Finance, Maritime Finance |
| JEL: | G24 G29 G34 |
| Date: | 2013–12–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:52520&r=tre |
| By: | Caroline Klein; Isabell Koske |
| Abstract: | This paper aims at identifying which countries and regions in the world might face structural overcapacities or capacity shortfalls in the automobile industry in the near future. It discusses the main forces that are likely to shape car demand over the next several years, including GDP growth, oil prices and competitiveness. It also presents projections for car sales and production in 56 OECD and non-OECD countries, distinguishing between temporary developments related to the cycle and more persistent patterns. The paper shows that most countries might need to build capacity in the medium run, with major differences across regions though. A comparison of projected production levels in 2020 (between 125 and 130 million cars worldwide) with actual capacity in 2012 indicates that additional production capacity of around 35 to 40 million cars needs to be built over the next eight years. The countries with the biggest projected need to expand capacity over the projection period are India and China. While car demand may be sufficient to clear excess capacities in Europe as a whole in the medium run, overcapacity may persist in a few countries, in particular Italy and France. Reducing overcapacity in these countries might be difficult without substantial improvements in competitiveness. Besoin de capacités dans l'industrie automobile à court et moyen terme Ce document vise à identifier les pays dans lesquels des surplus ou des besoins de capacité dans le secteur automobile pourraient se matérialiser dans un avenir proche. Il discute les principales forces qui sont susceptibles d’influencer la demande de voitures au cours des prochaines années, notamment la croissance du PIB, les prix du pétrole et la compétitivité. Il présente également des projections pour les ventes et la production automobiles dans 56 pays de l'OCDE et non-OCDE, en distinguant les évolutions temporaires liées au cycle et les tendances plus persistantes. L'étude montre que la plupart des pays de l'OCDE pourraient avoir besoin de renforcer leurs capacités à moyen terme, avec toutefois d’importantes différences entre les régions. Une comparaison des niveaux de production projetés en 2020 (entre 125 et 130 millions de voitures dans le monde) avec la capacité observée en 2012 indique que les capacités de production devraient être accrues d'environ 35 à 40 millions au cours des huit prochaines années. Les pays ayant les plus grands besoins d’expansion sur la période de projection sont l'Inde et la Chine. Alors qu’à moyen terme la demande automobile pourrait suffire à absorber les capacités excédentaires de l’Europe dans son ensemble, des problèmes de surcapacité pourraient persister dans quelques pays, en particulier en Italie et en France. Réduire les surcapacités dans ces pays pourrait être difficile sans amélioration substantielle de la compétitivité. |
| Keywords: | automobile industry, overcapacity, medium-run projections, car sales, projections de moyen terme, ventes de voitures, industrie automobile, surcapacité |
| JEL: | E21 L62 |
| Date: | 2013–11–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:1097-en&r=tre |