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on Sports and Economics |
| By: | Matthew Lowe |
| Abstract: | I estimate the effects of collaborative and adversarial intergroup contact. I randomly assigned Indian men from different castes to participate in cricket leagues or to serve as a control group. League players faced variation in collaborative contact, through random assignment to homogeneous-caste or mixed-caste teams, and adversarial contact, through random assignment of opponents. Collaborative contact increases cross-caste friendships and efficiency in trade, and reduces own-caste favoritism. In contrast, adversarial contact generally reduces cross-caste interaction and efficiency. League participation reduces intergroup differences, suggesting that the positive aspects of intergroup contact more than offset the negative aspects in this setting. |
| Keywords: | contact hypothesis, caste, social interactions, India, field experiment |
| JEL: | C93 D90 D91 O12 |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_8089&r=all |
| By: | Dilger, Alexander; Scharfenkamp, Katrin |
| Abstract: | Es gibt große Unterschiede in der Bezahlung von professionellen Fußballerinnen und Fußballern. Während die Sportmedien regelmäßig über hohe Einnahmen männlicher Fußballer berichten, wird die Vergütung von Fußballerinnen nur selten öffentlich thematisiert. Nur wenige professionelle Fußballerinnen selbst auf dem höchsten Niveau können von der Vergütung für ihre sportliche Leistung leben und viele sind auf Nebeneinkünfte und Sponsoren angewiesen. Den Verdienstunterschieden stehen jedoch auch große Leistungsunterschiede zwischen den Geschlechtern sowohl in körperlicher Hinsicht als auch in Turnieren gegenüber. In den USA wird "equal play, equal pay" gefordert für die sportlich und finanziell erfolgreichere weibliche Nationalmannschaft, die trotzdem deutlich weniger verdient als das Herrenteam. Diskriminierung nach dem Geschlecht lässt sich jedoch keineswegs in allen Ländern feststellen, wenn man die Leistung berücksichtigt. |
| JEL: | D63 J16 J24 J31 J71 L83 M52 Z22 |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:umiodp:12020&r=all |
| By: | Serhat Dogan; Emin Karagözoðlu; Kerim Keskin; Cagri Saglam; Emin Karagözoglu |
| Abstract: | We study bribing in a sequential team contest with multiple pairwise battles. We allow for asymmetries in winning prizes and marginal costs of effort; and we characterize the conditions under which (i) a player in a team is offered a bribe by the owner of the other team and (ii) she accepts the bribe. We show that these conditions depend on the ratios of players’ winning prizes and marginal costs of effort: the team owner chooses to bribe the player with the most favorable winning prize to marginal cost of effort ratio, and offer a bribe that leaves her indifferent between accepting (and exerting zero effort) and not accepting (and exerting her optimal effort). In some cases, the competition between players and the negative consequences of one player receiving a bribe on the team performance can drag down equilibrium bribe to zero. We also study the impact of changes in winning prizes and marginal costs of effort on equilibrium bribing behavior. |
| Keywords: | bribing, contest games, pairwise battles, team contests |
| JEL: | C72 D73 D74 |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_8096&r=all |
| By: | Nikolaos, Chatzistamoulou; Theodoros, Antonakis; Konstantinos, Kounetas |
| Abstract: | This paper evaluates NBA team's productive performance using a two-stage approach under a metafrontier framework. The proposed approach decomposes overall efficiency into salary-cap and on-court efficiency while a structure type of heterogeneity arises in the context of East and West conferences. The inclusion of salary cap, an important contributing element, as an input allow us to examine its effect on different types of efficiency. The empirical results show that NBA teams present a diachronically performance in terms of overall, on court and salary cap efficiency. Moreover, technology gaps reduce over time while a beta and sigma convergence examination reveal a path of convergence. Finally, a catch-up index denotes a speed of convergence especially after the salary cap implementation. |
| Keywords: | Salary cap, National basketball association, two-stage production process, Metatechnology production function |
| JEL: | C44 D24 Z0 |
| Date: | 2020–02–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:98811&r=all |