|
on Sociology of Economics |
| By: | Natalia A. Shmatko (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Yurij L. Katchanov (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Galina L. Volkova (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | The paper analyzes the existing approaches to the concept of scientific career, as well as career patterns of PhD holders. The authors consider the choice of alternative career options that do not involve a strict hierarchy or a clear understanding of where a person’s career path will take him. Taking into account the approaches developed earlier in the framework of the sociology of science, the sociology of employment and the theory of life cycles, as well as on the basis of the results of modern empirical research, including the results of the international project “Careers of Doctorate Holders (CDH)” (OECD, Eurostat, UNESCO Institute for Statistics), the authors propose a new model of academic career and identify the main factors, allowing to assess the success of a career. The model was tested on the data obtained during a survey among Russian researchers involving 828 respondents aged between 30 and 49 and employed by universities, research institutes, organizations of engineering services, industrial enterprises, medical centers and clinics. The analysis revealed 5 main factors determining the research career: recognition in the academic community; application of the scientific results in practice; implementation of research interests; formal criteria for successful employment (salary and level of position); mobility (including international). The results of the study confirmed the initial hypothesis that the factors affecting career success can be classified by their significance for the individual / for the professional community / for society as a whole |
| Keywords: | human capital, research and development, research career, occupational choice, mobility, research institutions, skills |
| JEL: | I23 I28 J24 O15 O30 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:87sti2018&r=sog |
| By: | Jacques Mairesse (Maastricht University (unu-merit); CREST-ENSAE; EHESS; NBER); Michele Pezzoni (Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, GREDEG, France) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the impact of publishing an article introducing a novel scientific idea and the impact of follower articles reusing that idea. We develop an indicator of novelty based on the appearance of an unprecedented combination of referenced journals in an article bibliography. We define novel articles as those including a novel combination of referenced journals the first year it appears, while we define follower articles those reusing the novel combination within five years since its appearance. We conduct our study on the articles published, between 2005 and 2009, by all the French physicists active in 2005 in public universities and at CNRS. We find that novel and follower articles receive the same number of citations (calculated in a 5-year window) as non-novel articles, although they are published in journals with lower impact factor. When we distinguish between citations received in the short and long run, we find that novel and follower articles benefit of a citation premium in the long run, i.e. 3-4 years after their publication. |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gre:wpaper:2018-23&r=sog |