|
on South East Asia |
| By: | Martinez, Jaycee Rick; Moreno, Frede |
| Abstract: | This study examines food safety compliance at the Zamboanga Fish Port Complex (ZFPC) in the Philippines, focusing on identifying challenges and proposing effective strategies for improvement. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research integrates quantitative surveys, qualitative interviews, and focus group discussions with key stakeholders, including port operators, fish traders, and regulatory staff. Findings reveal significant issues such as inadequate infrastructure, insufficient training, and inconsistent enforcement of regulations. The study highlights the need for substantial upgrades to cold storage facilities, enhanced training programs, and better stakeholder engagement. By applying New Public Management (NPM) theory, which emphasizes efficiency and accountability, the research proposes actionable recommendations to improve food safety practices. These recommendations aim to address current gaps and strengthen governance structures within the agro-fishery sector. The study’s implications extend beyond ZFPC, offering insights applicable to similar contexts across the Philippines, and providing a framework for policymakers and practitioners to enhance food safety compliance and governance in the agro-fishery sector. |
| Keywords: | Food Safety, Zamboanga Fish Port Complex, Agro-Fishery Sector, Compliance, New Public Management, Infrastructure, Training, Stakeholder Engagement, Regulatory Measures |
| JEL: | L5 L6 O1 Q0 Q1 |
| Date: | 2024–06–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122781 |
| By: | Sulasula, Josephine |
| Abstract: | This study explores best practices in barangay governance through a case study of selected barangays in the Zamboanga Peninsula region, Philippines. The research investigates key governance practices, including transparency, citizen participation, disaster risk management, and technological integration, which have contributed to effective local governance in the region. The study specifically examines Barangay San Jose Gusu, Barangay Talisay, Barangay Dao, and Barangay Poblacion, each demonstrating distinctive approaches to governance. Through qualitative research methods, including interviews with barangay officials and residents, the study identifies how transparency in budgeting, regular community assemblies, proactive disaster preparedness, and the integration of e-governance platforms have improved service delivery and strengthened community involvement. The findings highlight that transparency and citizen participation foster trust, while disaster risk management and technological integration enhance local resilience and efficiency. The research concludes that these best practices offer valuable insights for other barangays in the Zamboanga Peninsula and across the Philippines in strengthening their governance systems. By adopting these practices, barangays can improve governance effectiveness, enhance community engagement, and contribute to sustainable development. This study underscores the importance of a comprehensive approach to local governance, where transparency, engagement, preparedness, and innovation work together to address the needs of local communities. |
| Keywords: | Barangay governance, best practices, Zamboanga Peninsula, citizen participation, disaster risk management, e-governance, transparency |
| JEL: | A1 H1 H4 H7 M1 O2 P0 |
| Date: | 2024–12–27 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:123107 |
| By: | Nguyen, Tan Phat; Huynh, Cong Minh |
| Abstract: | In the rapidly expanding global e-commerce landscape, ensuring customer satisfaction in home delivery services has become a critical priority, particularly in emerging economies like Vietnam. High-quality delivery services, enhanced perceived value, and strengthened customer trust are key drivers shaping satisfaction levels. This study investigates the relationships between service quality, perceived value, and customer satisfaction, with trust playing a mediating role. Using data from an online survey of 385 respondents in Binh Duong province - one of Vietnam's prominent industrial and economic hubs, the study employs Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) via SmartPLS 4 for analysis. The findings reveal that service quality, perceived value, and trust significantly and positively influence customer satisfaction, with trust acting as a powerful mediator. By extending the SERVQUAL model to include perceived value and grounding the analysis in Expectation Disconfirmation Theory (EDT), this study offers meaningful insights for home delivery service providers. The results highlight actionable strategies to optimize service performance, build trust, and elevate customer experiences in the competitive e-commerce market. |
| Keywords: | Service quality, Customer satisfaction, E-commerce, and Delivery services |
| JEL: | D12 L81 L87 M31 |
| Date: | 2025–01–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:123201 |
| By: | Achmad, Budi; Rina, Karlina; Retno, Maruti; Galuh, Chandra; Yiska, Dini |
| Abstract: | Social assistance for education is one of several instruments in Indonesia to support poor and vulnerable people. There are two main programs which is Family Hope Program (PKH) and Smart Indonesia Program (PIP). Analyzing the distributional impact to both programs is very important to improve program’s effectiveness and efficiency. INDOMOD, a tax-benefit microsimulation model for Indonesia, was used in this study to evaluate the distributional effect of these programs to poverty and inequality, using Susenas as the main data. Several results from this study showed that the revocation of the education component of PKH has a more significant impact on poor and vulnerable groups than the revocation of PIP. Further, the revocation of the education component of PKH has a more significant effect on households with children than the revocation of PKH. |
| Date: | 2025–01–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ese:cempwp:cempa1-25 |
| By: | Callanta, Daphney Shane; Moreno, Frede |
| Abstract: | This study investigates the socioeconomic implications of farm-to-market road infrastructure on rural development in Zamboanga Sibugay Province, Philippines. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions, the research explores how improved road infrastructure affects agricultural productivity, market access, and household incomes. Theoretical frameworks, including Rational Choice Theory and Development Theory, provide context for understanding the decision-making processes behind infrastructure investments and their impacts on economic growth and poverty reduction. Findings reveal that enhanced road infrastructure significantly boosts agricultural output, facilitates better market access, and increases household incomes. However, challenges such as political patronage and bureaucratic inefficiencies impede project effectiveness. Recommendations include adopting data-driven decision-making, improving project planning and management, and fostering greater community involvement. By developing comprehensive monitoring and evaluation frameworks and ensuring transparency and accountability, stakeholders can optimize infrastructure investments. This research contributes to public administration theory and practice by offering actionable insights for improving rural infrastructure projects and enhancing socio-economic outcomes in the Philippines. |
| Keywords: | Farm-to-Market Roads, Rural Development, Socioeconomic Impact, Infrastructure, Public Administration, Philippines |
| JEL: | H4 H7 O1 O4 Q0 Q1 R0 R4 |
| Date: | 2024–08–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122793 |
| By: | Varley, Ciara; Lorente, Anna; Novak, Inna; Hoang, Ky; Tho, Pham; Ha, Nguyen; Tessema, Yared Mesfin; Ssekandi, Shamilah Nassozi; Chekol, Dawit Alemayehu; Plazas, Carlos Andrés Rodríguez |
| Abstract: | The transition of city region diets to diets that are more sustainable, healthy and affordable is critically important for environmental, health and food security outcomes. The EcoFoodSystems project aims to work with city-regional stakeholders to identify key needs and priorities for dietary transitions in Hanoi city region that can be enabled by research and innovation. To identify the research needs and priorities of Hanoi city region food systems stakeholders, an EcoFoodSystems Project Research Prioritisation Workshop was held on 24th January 2024 in Hanoi, Vietnam. The workshop introduced food systems stakeholders in the Hanoi city region to the EcoFoodSystems research project and to enable stakeholders to co-create and prioritise research and innovation activities that could be advanced by EcoFoodSystems research project. The EcoFoodSystems workshop brought together sixty participants from diverse sectors and stakeholder organisations, including Government Ministries, UN Agencies, private sector companies, farmer cooperatives, university and research institutes, national and international NGOs and civil society. The workshop attendees shared their expertise in areas spanning nutrition, food systems, policy, consumer safety, climate resilience and urban and peri-urban development. Participants worked together in groups to identify and prioritise research topics and tools for decision-making that should be developed to enable transitions towards diets in Hanoi city region that are more sustainable, healthier and affordable. The workshop had opening speeches from representatives of the EU Delegation to Vietnam, the Vietnam Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD), Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences (VAAS), Hanoi Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, the National Institute of Nutrition (Vietnam) and representatives of the EcoFoodSystems project from University of Galway, Rikolto and the Alliance of Bioversity – CIAT. The workshop highlighted the importance of interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral research collaboration for food systems transformation for sustainability, health and affordability outcomes. This EcoFoodSystems workshop report identifies the key research priorities generated by stakeholders during the workshop. |
| Date: | 2024–12–17 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:n86mg |
| By: | , samok66696@rustetic.com |
| Abstract: | Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows play a crucial role in the ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) region's economic growth, as they contribute capital, technology, managerial expertise, and enhance economic integration among member states. However, FDI distribution across ASEAN countries is uneven, with larger and more open markets receiving a larger share, while smaller or less developed countries attract less investment. This research aims to identify the determinants of FDI inflows in the ASEAN-10 region from 2010 to 2021. A quantitative approach is employed, utilizing panel data regression analysis. The models tested include the Common Effect Model (CEM), Fixed Effect Model (FEM), and Random Effect Model (REM), with the FEM selected as the most appropriate. The results of the partial test reveal that economic growth and regulatory quality positively influence FDI inflows in ASEAN-10, while the Voice and Accountability indicator has a negative effect. Conversely, political stability, government effectiveness, rule of law, and control of corruption do not significantly impact FDI inflows. Overall, these variables account for approximately 87.20% of the variance in FDI flows in the region. The findings suggest that ASEAN countries should formulate more effective policies to attract FDI, particularly by implementing sound economic strategies, enhancing institutional quality, improving the investment climate, and boosting global competitiveness. |
| Date: | 2024–12–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:7ge9z |
| By: | Lopez, Iris Faye; Moreno, Frede |
| Abstract: | This study explores the strategic governance of flood and drought management in Zamboanga City, Philippines, through a detailed examination of decentralized governance structures, stakeholder engagement, resource management, and performance measurement. Using a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, interviews, and focus group discussions, the research assesses the effectiveness of current disaster management practices and identifies key challenges and opportunities for improvement. The findings reveal that while decentralized governance structures have enhanced local responsiveness, issues persist in clarity of roles, resource allocation, and inter-stakeholder coordination. The study highlights the need for clearer guidelines, improved stakeholder collaboration, and better integration of disaster risk reduction into development planning. Additionally, it underscores the importance of balancing market-oriented approaches with public accountability. The research provides actionable recommendations for enhancing disaster management strategies, including strengthening local capacities, fostering inclusive participation, and refining performance measurement systems. These insights contribute to the broader discourse on disaster governance and offer practical guidance for policymakers and practitioners seeking to improve resilience and effectiveness in flood and drought management. |
| Keywords: | Disaster management, Flood management, Drought management, Decentralized governance, Stakeholder engagement, Resource allocation, Performance measurement, Zamboanga City, Philippines |
| JEL: | A1 H0 H7 H8 L0 M0 M1 O1 Q0 Q5 Z0 Z1 |
| Date: | 2024–08–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122804 |
| By: | Sudarno Sumarto; Elan Satriawan; Benjamin A. Olken; Abhijit Banerjee; Achmad Tohari; Vivi Alatas; Rema Hanna |
| Abstract: | Community-based targeting, in which communities allocate social assistance using local information about who is poor, in experimental settings leads to nuanced allocations that reflect local concepts of poverty. What happens when it is scaled up, by either by making the stakes high, or by replicating the process nationwide? We study this by examining community targeting in both a high-stakes experiment, in which villages determined who would receive the Indonesian conditional cash transfer program – worth almost USD 1, 000 over 6 years – and in a nationwide scaleup, whereby Indonesia used community-based meetings to allocate COVID-transfers to over 8 million households. We find that both the experimental scale-up and the massive national scale-up had broadly similar performance to the original experimental study. We find strongly progressive targeting as measured by baseline household consumption, though – as in the pilot – not quite as strong as if they had used a fully up-to-date proxy means test. In both scale-ups, we also find that the villages gave additional weight to locally-valued characteristics beyond pure consumption, such as widowhood, recent illness, and food expenditure shares, again echoing the findings from pilots. The results suggest that community targeting can perform well at scale, as predicted by the experimental study. |
| JEL: | I38 O15 |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:33322 |
| By: | Losaria, Louie Jay; Moreno, Frede |
| Abstract: | This study examines the effectiveness and policy implications of veterans' welfare services administered by the Philippine Veterans Affairs Office (PVAO) in Zamboanga City, Philippines. Utilising a mixed-methods approach, the research integrates quantitative surveys with qualitative interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs) to assess service delivery outcomes, stakeholder perspectives, and policy gaps. Guided by Governance Theory, the study explores the interaction between state institutions, digital tools, and service beneficiaries, highlighting both successes and challenges in the current welfare framework. Findings reveal significant disparities in access, quality, and satisfaction among veterans, influenced by governance inefficiencies, inadequate resource allocation, and limited stakeholder collaboration. The study identifies the need for comprehensive policy reforms, enhanced digital governance, and multi-stakeholder engagement to improve veterans’ welfare services. Key policy recommendations include the adoption of integrated service delivery models, the enhancement of digital platforms for more effective outreach and management, and the establishment of participatory governance mechanisms that involve veterans in decision-making processes. This research contributes to the field of public administration by providing empirical insights into the governance of veterans’ welfare and offering a framework for policy improvements that can be adapted in similar contexts globally. The findings have broader implications for governance, social equity, and the digital transformation of public service delivery. |
| Keywords: | Veterans' welfare, governance theory, policy implications, service delivery, digital transformation, public administration |
| JEL: | A1 G2 I0 I1 I3 L8 M0 O1 Z0 |
| Date: | 2024–09–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122791 |
| By: | Spillane, Charles; Chekol, Dawit Alemayehu; Hoang, Ky; Plazas, Carlos Andrés Rodríguez; Ssekandi, Shamilah Nassozi; Tessema, Yared Mesfin; Varley, Ciara; McLaughlin, Isabel; Mashizha, Tinashe; Lorente, Anna |
| Abstract: | The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is preparing a new IPCC Special Report on Climate Change and Cities, which will address issues of climate mitigation, adaptation and just transitions in cities and urban systems. In this context, accelerating the sustainable transitions of the diets and food systems of cities is critical to ensuring that the planet remains within key planetary boundaries, including the 1.5 C limit for global warming. The EU/IFAD EcoFoodSystems project [https://ecofoodsystems.org/] is focused on research to enable food systems transitions in city regions that can deliver diets that are more sustainable, healthy and affordable. The EcoFoodSystems project is working with stakeholders in Vietnam (Hanoi), Ethiopia (Addis Ababa) and Colombia (Cali) to conduct research to enable accelerated transitions towards more sustainable, healthy and affordable diets. To contribute to the process for developing the new IPCC Special Report on Climate Change and Cities, the EU/IFAD funded EcoFoodSystems project provides the following initial guidance and inputs to the scoping process for the IPCC Special Report on Climate Change and Cities. |
| Date: | 2024–06–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:hqgu8 |
| By: | Moreno, Frede; Sulasula, Josephine |
| Abstract: | This study analyses the economic repercussions of state-declared emergencies following catastrophes in the Zamboanga Peninsula Region, Philippines. Employing systems theory from public administration, the research explores the interconnections between governance mechanisms, economic stability, and recovery outcomes. Empirical data from significant events, including Typhoon Vinta (2017) and the 2013 Zamboanga Siege, reveal substantial economic disruptions, particularly in agriculture, trade, and infrastructure. The findings highlight significant challenges, including the destruction of agricultural land, damage to critical infrastructure, and disruption of local supply chains, which exacerbate poverty and economic inequality in the region. Additionally, the study evaluates the role of government fiscal interventions, such as subsidies, tax relief, and public investments, in supporting recovery efforts. The research underscores the need for improved disaster preparedness, resilient infrastructure, and targeted fiscal policies to mitigate future economic shocks. By providing a detailed analysis of economic recovery patterns, this study contributes to the formulation of more effective policies and strategies for managing post-catastrophe economic resilience in vulnerable regions. This analysis also underscores the importance of systemic governance reforms in mitigating the economic impacts of emergencies and fostering sustainable recovery. Future studies should consider comparative analyses with other regions to refine disaster response frameworks. |
| Keywords: | Economic impact, state of emergency, systems theory, disaster resilience, Zamboanga Peninsula, governance, public administration, fiscal management, Typhoon Vinta, Zamboanga Siege |
| JEL: | A1 H2 H3 H5 I3 O1 Z0 |
| Date: | 2024–12–18 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:123051 |
| By: | Flores, Aldiana; Moreno, Frede |
| Abstract: | This study assesses the effectiveness of Information and Education Campaigns (IECs) in hazardous waste management in the Zamboanga Peninsula, Philippines. Utilizing a mixed-method approach, this research combines quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to examine the impact of IECs on public awareness, attitudes, and behaviors concerning hazardous waste. The study is framed within the Public Personnel Administration theory of representative bureaucracy, suggesting that public officials who reflect the demographics of the communities they serve can enhance policy implementation effectiveness. Findings reveal that IECs have significantly increased public awareness about hazardous waste risks, with 67% of respondents indicating improved knowledge. However, the translation of awareness into behavioral change is limited, with only 34% adopting safer waste disposal practices. Qualitative data indicate that IECs are more effective when led by local government personnel who are culturally and ethnically representative of the community, enhancing credibility and public trust. The study concludes that while IECs are valuable for raising awareness, achieving comprehensive behavior change requires more robust regulatory framework and culturally competent public personnel. Recommendations include improved training for local government officials and stricter enforcement of waste management policies, contributing to more effective environmental governance in the region. |
| Keywords: | Hazardous waste management, information and education campaigns, Zamboanga Peninsula, public administration, representative bureaucracy. |
| JEL: | A1 A2 Q0 Q1 Q2 Q5 Z0 |
| Date: | 2024–11–26 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122782 |
| By: | Nuttapol Lertmethaphat; Nuarpear Lekfuangfu; Pucktada Treeratpituk |
| Abstract: | In recent decades, the Beveridge curve, which demonstrates a relationship between unemployment and vacancies, has emerged as a central organizing framework for understanding of labour markets – both for academic as well as central banks. The absence of consistent of the data in Thailand is a fundamental drawback in the utilisation of this important indicator. Data from online job platforms presents an alternative opportunity. However, the first and necessary step is to develop a process that can structure and standardise such data. In this paper, we develop an algorithm that standardise the high-frequency data from job websites, which consists of manually written job titles from major online job posting websites in Thailand (in Thai and English languages) into the International Standard Classification of Occupations codes (ISCO-2008), up to 4-digit level. With Natural Language Processing and machine learning techniques, our methodology automates the process to efficiently deal with the volume and velocity nature of the data. Our approach not only carves a new path for comprehending labour market trends, but also enhances the capacity for monitoring labour market behaviours with higher precision and timeliness. Most of all, it offers a pivotal shift towards leveraging real-time, rich online job postings. |
| Keywords: | Labour market; Beveridge Curve; Online job platform; Machine Learning; Natural Language Processing; Text Classification; Thailand |
| JEL: | J2 J3 E24 N35 |
| Date: | 2025–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pui:dpaper:228 |
| By: | Moreno, Frede; Sulasula, Josephine |
| Abstract: | This study explores flood risk adaptation strategies and the resilience of riverbank-dwelling families in major urban centers of the Zamboanga Peninsula, Philippines. It examines the challenges these communities face in coping with recurrent flooding and identifies the factors that influence their ability to adapt to flood risks. Geospatial mapping further supported the analysis of flood-prone areas. The findings reveal that while families use a variety of adaptation strategies, including home elevation, temporary relocation, and community-based early warning systems, their effectiveness is constrained by limited resources, inadequate infrastructure, and insufficient local governance. Social capital and community networks play a critical role in resilience, but vulnerability remains high due to lack of formal support and resources. The study highlights the importance of inclusive disaster risk management policies, strengthened governance, and the potential of public-private partnerships in enhancing flood resilience. It contributes to the understanding of disaster governance and offers actionable recommendations for improving flood adaptation in vulnerable communities. |
| Keywords: | Flood risk, adaptation strategies, resilience, riverbank-dwelling families, Zamboanga Peninsula, local governance, disaster risk management, social capital, public-private partnerships, community-based adaptation. |
| JEL: | D1 D6 D62 D8 H2 H23 H24 H3 Q5 |
| Date: | 2024–12–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:123052 |
| By: | Gualdajara Cutang, Janeth; Moreno, Frede |
| Abstract: | This study evaluates the efficacy of e-Government initiatives in addressing local governance challenges in Zamboanga City, Philippines. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research examines how digital tools have improved administrative processes and service delivery, identifies key barriers and facilitators to the adoption of e-Government systems, and assesses stakeholder perceptions of these initiatives. Findings indicate that e-Government initiatives, including the e-Services Portal and Open Data Portal, have significantly enhanced administrative efficiency, reduced processing times, and improved transparency. However, barriers such as the digital divide, resistance to change, and security concerns have impacted the effectiveness of these tools. Facilitators like strong leadership, external partnerships, and targeted training have been critical in overcoming these challenges. Stakeholder perceptions reveal a generally positive view of the initiatives, although concerns about digital inclusion and data security remain. The study contributes to the understanding of e-Government implementation by validating existing theories, highlighting practical challenges and solutions, and offering insights for future research. The findings suggest the need for ongoing improvements and targeted strategies to maximize the benefits of e-Government in addressing local governance issues. |
| Keywords: | Situational leadership, performance proficiency, civilian personnel, Philippine Army, Public Administration, leadership adaptability |
| JEL: | A1 H0 J0 M0 M5 Z0 |
| Date: | 2024–11–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122795 |
| By: | Bucoy, Abigail Irene; Moreno, Frede |
| Abstract: | This study evaluates the efficacy of Community-Based Tourism (CBT) as a strategic public administration initiative for sustainable development in Zamboanga City, Philippines. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research combines quantitative surveys and economic assessments with qualitative interviews and focus groups to examine the impacts of CBT on local governance, economic growth, environmental sustainability, and social cohesion. Four case studies of CBT initiatives—Fiesta and Cultural Tourism, Eco-Tourism Project, Heritage Tourism Initiative, and Rural Tourism Development—provide a detailed analysis of their diverse implementations and outcomes. The findings reveal that CBT initiatives significantly enhance local governance by fostering community participation and transparency, in line with New Public Governance principles. Economically, these initiatives contribute to income generation, job creation, and local business development, though benefits are unevenly distributed. Environmentally, CBT promotes conservation and sustainable resource management but faces challenges such as waste management. Socially, CBT strengthens community cohesion and cultural preservation but requires ongoing efforts to address social disparities. The study's theoretical implications advance understanding of how CBT can operationalize governance principles and support sustainable development. It concludes with recommendations for policy and future research to optimize CBT’s benefits, suggesting that with strategic adaptations, CBT can be a valuable tool for sustainable development in diverse contexts. |
| Keywords: | Community-Based Tourism (CBT), Sustainable Development, Local Governance, Economic Development, Environmental Sustainability, Social Cohesion |
| JEL: | A1 H4 H7 M0 M1 M3 N5 N55 N8 N85 Q2 Q5 Z0 Z1 |
| Date: | 2024–11–27 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122798 |
| By: | Aporongao, Wilfredo Juhan; Moreno, Frede |
| Abstract: | This study critically evaluates gender governance and leadership strategies within Zamboanga City, Philippines, focusing on their impact on policy formulation and administrative practices. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research combines quantitative surveys, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions to assess the effectiveness of local gender governance structures. Findings reveal significant advancements in integrating gender considerations into governance, notably through the Local Gender and Development (GAD) Office and various gender-responsive policies. These initiatives have led to notable improvements in service delivery across health, education, and economic sectors. However, persistent challenges, including institutional resistance and limited resources, continue to hinder the full realization of gender equity. The study identifies key areas for improvement, such as enhanced stakeholder engagement and increased funding for gender programs. Recommendations for policy and administrative enhancements are provided, aiming to foster more inclusive governance practices. The research contributes to the broader understanding of gender dynamics in local governance and offers practical insights for policymakers and practitioners striving to promote gender equality in similar contexts. Future research directions include longitudinal studies and comparative analyses to further refine gender governance strategies. |
| Keywords: | Gender governance, policy formulation, Zamboanga City, gender equity, local government, administrative practices |
| JEL: | H7 H8 I0 J0 Z0 |
| Date: | 2024–11–26 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122790 |
| By: | Barrios, Nyza Ann; Moreno, Frede |
| Abstract: | This study evaluates the efficacy of e-Government initiatives in addressing local governance challenges in Zamboanga City, Philippines. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research examines how digital tools have improved administrative processes and service delivery, identifies key barriers and facilitators to the adoption of e-Government systems, and assesses stakeholder perceptions of these initiatives. Findings indicate that e-Government initiatives, including the e-Services Portal and Open Data Portal, have significantly enhanced administrative efficiency, reduced processing times, and improved transparency. However, barriers such as the digital divide, resistance to change, and security concerns have impacted the effectiveness of these tools. Facilitators like strong leadership, external partnerships, and targeted training have been critical in overcoming these challenges. Stakeholder perceptions reveal a generally positive view of the initiatives, although concerns about digital inclusion and data security remain. The study contributes to the understanding of e-Government implementation by validating existing theories, highlighting practical challenges and solutions, and offering insights for future research. The findings suggest the need for ongoing improvements and targeted strategies to maximize the benefits of e-Government in addressing local governance issues. |
| Keywords: | E-Government, Zamboanga City, administrative efficiency, digital divide, stakeholder perceptions, governance challenges |
| JEL: | H0 H1 H7 H8 L3 L8 Z0 Z1 |
| Date: | 2024–08–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122792 |
| By: | Belarmino Intong, Jemalou; Moreno, Frede |
| Abstract: | This study examines the effectiveness of post-conflict development frameworks for the social reintegration of war-affected children in Basilan Province, Philippines. By employing a policy analysis approach, the research explores the alignment of existing policies with national and international child protection standards, identifies institutional barriers to their effective implementation, and proposes strategic recommendations for policy improvements. The study draws on case studies of government initiatives, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and community-based programs, highlighting the strengths and limitations of each framework. Findings reveal significant gaps in the integration of national policies with local realities, particularly in the areas of coordination, funding, and community engagement. Furthermore, institutional barriers, such as limited resources and resistance to external interventions, hinder the successful reintegration of children affected by conflict. The research concludes that a more collaborative, community-driven approach, supported by enhanced governmental coordination and external support, is essential for effective reintegration. This study contributes to the understanding of post-conflict child welfare policy and offers actionable recommendations for improving reintegration frameworks in conflict-affected regions. |
| Keywords: | Post-conflict development, social reintegration, war-affected children, policy analysis, Basilan Province |
| JEL: | H8 I0 I3 O1 Z0 Z1 |
| Date: | 2024–11–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122807 |
| By: | Delos Reyes-Urmanita, Marie June; Moreno, Frede |
| Abstract: | This study examines the preparedness and challenges in implementing e-governance for optimizing public service delivery in Zamboanga City, Philippines. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research integrates quantitative surveys and qualitative key informant interviews to assess the current state of digital infrastructure, institutional capacity, digital literacy, and citizen engagement. Findings reveal significant challenges, including inadequate infrastructure, insufficient institutional training, and low levels of digital literacy among citizens. Technological barriers, financial constraints, and policy gaps further complicate the implementation process. The study applies Public Value Theory to contextualize how e-governance initiatives can create value by improving service delivery and inclusivity. Recommendations focus on enhancing digital infrastructure, building institutional capacity, promoting digital literacy, and strengthening policy frameworks. These measures aim to address identified challenges and foster a more effective e-governance environment. The study contributes to the field of public administration by providing actionable insights for practitioners and policymakers, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive approach to e-governance that considers both technical and socio-cultural factors. Future research directions include longitudinal studies and comparative analyses to further explore the impacts and effectiveness of e-governance initiatives. |
| Keywords: | E-Governance, Public Service Delivery, Digital Infrastructure, Institutional Capacity, Digital Literacy, Citizen Engagement, Public Value Theory, Implementation Challenges, Policy Recommendations |
| JEL: | A1 H1 H4 H7 H8 L8 M0 M1 Z0 |
| Date: | 2024–08–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122799 |
| By: | Budlong, Deodavid; Moreno, Frede |
| Abstract: | This study assesses the sustainability of reintegration programs for repatriated Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) in Zamboanga City, focusing on the effectiveness of current initiatives and identifying key areas for improvement. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research combines quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to evaluate program impact, stakeholder engagement, and program sustainability. Findings reveal that while existing programs offer crucial support, challenges such as bureaucratic inefficiencies, fragmented service delivery, and inadequate psychosocial support hinder their effectiveness. The study highlights the need for improved coordination among government agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and local stakeholders, as well as more tailored interventions addressing both economic and emotional needs. Recommendations include enhancing policy coherence, implementing continuous evaluation mechanisms, and fostering community engagement. Theoretical implications suggest a need for integrated policy frameworks and adaptive governance approaches. Practically, the study advocates for a more holistic, responsive approach to public administration, emphasizing collaboration and adaptability to better support repatriated OFWs. These insights contribute to the broader understanding of migration and reintegration in public administration, offering actionable strategies for improving program sustainability and effectiveness. |
| Keywords: | reintegration programs, Overseas Filipino Workers, sustainability, public administration, policy coordination, adaptive governance |
| JEL: | D60 F6 F66 I3 I31 I38 J5 J50 J6 J61 J64 J68 |
| Date: | 2024–11–26 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122780 |
| By: | Flores, Lou Norman; Moreno, Frede |
| Abstract: | This study investigates the ethical implications and perspectives on the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) among graduate students in public administration, focusing on Basilan Province, Philippines. Employing a qualitative case study approach, the research integrates semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and surveys to gather data. Findings reveal significant ethical concerns, including privacy issues, algorithmic bias, and accountability challenges. Students exhibit a range of attitudes toward AI, recognizing its potential benefits while also highlighting associated risks. The study identifies gaps in current public administration curricula concerning AI ethics and provides recommendations for integrating comprehensive AI ethics training into academic programs. By applying Technological Determinism theory, the research examines how AI's evolution influences public administration practices and the preparedness of future professionals. This research contributes to the understanding of AI’s ethical dimensions in governance and offers insights for policymakers and educators to enhance ethical AI utilization in public administration. |
| Keywords: | Artificial Intelligence (AI), Public Administration, Ethical Implications, Technological Determinism, AI Ethics, Graduate Students, Basilan Province, Philippines |
| JEL: | A1 A13 A2 I0 I2 Z0 Z1 |
| Date: | 2024–08–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122809 |
| By: | Edward L. Glaeser |
| Abstract: | Public capacity complements urban density because externalities abound in cities and urban scale makes it possible to share infrastructure that needs to be managed. Yet, urban governments face limitations that are not experienced by private sector entities. A city cannot just stop policing if it decides it is bad at policing. Typically, public compensation and personnel policies are highly regulated either by law or by union contracts. City governments do, however, have one great advantage over private entities: a greater ability to learn from their peers. City governments do similar things throughout the world, while companies frequently specialize. Private companies have strong incentives to hide the trade secrets that make them more productive, cities do not. As individual cities do not have an incentive to make it easier for other governments to learn from them, multinational entities like the Asian Development Bank and the World Bank could enable that learning. Since climate-change-related crises are relatively rare events, city-to-city learning seems particularly important for adapting to climate change. |
| JEL: | O17 P14 R50 |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:33247 |
| By: | Sta. Maria Yee, Melcah; Moreno, Frede |
| Abstract: | This study evaluates the efficacy and efficiency of online information dissemination strategies at a public college in Zamboanga City, Philippines, focusing on their implications for enhancing administrative communication within public sector organizations. As online communication increasingly becomes central to public administration, understanding how digital tools influence information flow and engagement is essential. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with students, faculty, and administrative staff to assess the current state of online communication. The study identifies the strengths and weaknesses of existing platforms, including social media, email, and college websites, and examines their accessibility and effectiveness in conveying timely, relevant information. Findings suggest that while digital communication tools are widely used, challenges related to accessibility, user engagement, and content clarity persist. The study also explores the impact of these communication strategies on decision-making and stakeholder satisfaction within the college’s administrative processes. Based on these insights, the research provides actionable recommendations for improving online communication channels, ensuring they are more inclusive, efficient, and responsive to the needs of all stakeholders. The results contribute to the broader discourse on the role of digital communication in enhancing public sector administration and organizational transparency. |
| Keywords: | Online Information Dissemination, Administrative Communication, Public College, Zamboanga City, Public Sector Organizations, Efficiency, Efficacy, Digital Tools, Communication Strategies |
| JEL: | A1 A2 H0 H1 H7 H8 L0 L3 M0 M1 Z0 Z1 |
| Date: | 2024–11–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122833 |
| By: | Rustam Jamilov (University of Oxford); Tobias Konig (University of Bonn); Karsten Muller (National University of Singapore); Farzad Saidi (University of Bonn; Centre for Economic Policy Research) |
| Abstract: | We study bank runs using a novel historical cross-country dataset that covers 184 countries over the past 200 years and combines a new narrative chronology with statistical indicators of bank deposit withdrawals. We document the following facts: (i) the unconditional likelihood of a bank run is 1.2% and that of significant deposit withdrawals 12.7%; (ii) systemic bank runs, i.e. those that are accompanied by deposit withdrawals, are associated with substantially larger output losses than non-systemic runs or deposit contractions alone; (iii) bank runs are contractionary even when they are not triggered by fundamental causes, banks are well capitalized, and there is no evidence of a crisis or widespread failures in the banking sector; (iv) in historical and contemporary episodes, depositors tend to run on highly leveraged banks, causing a credit crunch, and a reallocation of deposits across banks; and (v) liability guarantees are associated with lower output losses after systemic runs, while having a lender of last resort or deposit insurance reduces the probability of a run becoming systemic. Taken together, our findings highlight a key role for sudden bank liability disruptions over and above other sources of financial fragility. |
| Date: | 2024–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cfm:wpaper:2435 |
| By: | Ahn, Jiyeon (Sogang University); Ahn, Taehyun (Sogang University); Kim, Seonghoon (Singapore Management University) |
| Abstract: | Using 20 years of nationally representative panel data in South Korea, we estimate how life satisfaction responds to income shocks. We document that unexpected income changes significantly impact an individual's life satisfaction, and the magnitudes depend on the persistence of income shocks. We find that permanent income shocks substantially penetrate life satisfaction, while transitory income shocks have minimal impact. We also find that life satisfaction regarding external factors such as family income and leisure activities is more sensitive to income shocks than life satisfaction related to social relationships. Our findings imply that it is critical for the government to address persistent income losses in the economy (e.g., long-term unemployment driven by skill-biased technological changes or work-limiting disability) as a means to improving social welfare. |
| Keywords: | life satisfaction, insurance, income shocks, KLIPS |
| JEL: | D31 D60 I31 |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp17514 |
| By: | Putri, Schalke Anindya |
| Abstract: | This study investigates Indonesia's green complexity at the provincial level, examining the country's capabilities to produce sophisticated environmental goods while pursuing its 2060 net-zero emissions target. The research uniquely contributes by applying Green Complexity Index (GCI) analysis at the subnational level, revealing critical intra-country differences in green development potential. The study analyzes 493 green products identified from IMF, OECD, and WTO data, categorized into renewable energy, pollution management, clean technologies, and resource management. Trade competitiveness data from WITS and BPS covers 34 Indonesian provinces and 226 countries, using 2022 trade data. The methodology employs Economic Complexity Index (ECI) calculation, Green Complexity Index (GCI) derivation, and Product Distance measurement to assess regional green capabilities and development trajectories. DKI Jakarta leads in green product exports (370 products) and competitive exports (48 products), with a weak positive correlation between ECI and GCI across provinces. While Jawa Barat leads in ECI (1.48), Jakarta tops GCI rankings (13.12). Regional disparities show Kepulauan Riau leading in renewable energy (GCI: 3.05) and clean technologies (GCI: 8.34), while Jakarta dominates pollution management (GCI: 4.53). The study reveals substantial regional variations in green complexity across Indonesian provinces, concentrated in developed regions. The findings suggest the need for province-specific strategies, knowledge transfer mechanisms, and innovative green finance solutions to promote sustainable development. |
| Keywords: | Green Complexity Index, Economic Complexity, Product Distance, Regional Development |
| JEL: | Q56 |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:123139 |
| By: | Avendano, Rolando (Asian Development Bank); Tani, Massimiliano (University of New South Wales); Tolin, Lovely C. (Asian Development Bank) |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we examine whether, and if so how, an economy's deliberate policy choices of regional cooperation and integration influence underlying determinants of economic growth. Building on models of growth and innovation, we analyze the role of regional integration on labor productivity and firms' probability to innovate using data from a panel of 170 economies and 60, 000 firms over a period of two decades. Our results suggest that regionalism, as captured by metrics of regional cooperation and integration, can positively contribute to labor productivity and innovation, in addition to known factors of production. |
| Keywords: | regional integration, productivity, innovation, Asia |
| JEL: | F02 F15 O4 O30 |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp17495 |
| By: | LPEM FEB UI; Australian National University; IESR; The SMERU Research Institute |
| Keywords: | energy transition, inclusive, decarbonization, welfare, vulnerable groups |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:agg:wpaper:4222 |
| By: | Saigal, Manisha; JOHNS, Philip |
| Abstract: | Understanding human-wildlife interactions is crucial for effective urban wildlife management and conservation. This study compared Singapore residents' perceptions and awareness of scenario-based etiquette towards four prominent urban wildlife species: smooth‐coated otters (Lutrogale perspicillata), long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis), Malayan water monitor lizards (Varanus salvator) and reticulated pythons (Malayopython reticulatus). Using online surveys (n=399), we investigated how demographic factors and exposure to each species influence perceptions. Our results show significant differences in perceptions and etiquette responses towards each species. Respondents had the highest affinity towards otters, perceived greater property damage from mammals than reptiles, and feared terrestrial more than semi-aquatic species. Respondents’ age, parental status, frequency of park visits, involvement in wildlife programs and frequency of seeing each species significantly influenced perceptions, suggesting a need to engage older people and parents more to improve wildlife perceptions. Notably, the frequency of direct encounters with wildlife only explained 1% of variation in perceptions, suggesting that exposure or familiarity alone do not ensure coexistence with wildlife. Our findings emphasise the need for more public education on wildlife etiquette, especially regarding macaques. We found that wildlife education lowered perceptions of property damage but not fear, suggesting that addressing misconceptions and negative perceptions requires fostering positive emotional connections with wildlife. Our analysis highlights the interplay between urban aesthetics, cultural perceptions, wildlife education, and human and animal behaviour in shaping human-wildlife interactions. Most saliently, our study demonstrates the importance of species-specific approaches to improve relationships between humans and wildlife. |
| Date: | 2024–11–29 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:kjtp9 |
| By: | Powdthavee, Nattavudh (Nanyang Technological University, Singapore); Riyanto, Yohanes E. (Nanyang Technological University, Singapore); Zhang, Xiaojie (Nanyang Technological University, Singapore) |
| Abstract: | This study examines whether complete transparency about the randomness of prediction-generating processes mitigates the hot hand fallacy and the conditions under which it may fail. In a pre-registered laboratory experiment (N=750), we showed that transparency about the prediction-generating processes reduced individuals' belief in the hot hand of fair coin flip predictions. However, this effect significantly weakened when we shifted from paying to donating for predictions. Participants exposed to streaks of accurate predictions under altruistic framing were more inclined to donate despite knowing the randomness involved. We explore underlying mechanisms and discuss implications for decision-making in economics and finance. |
| Keywords: | gambler's fallacy, hot hand, full information, altruism, random streaks, karmic investment |
| JEL: | C91 D03 |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp17484 |
| By: | LPEM FEB UI; Australian National University; IESR; The SMERU Research Institute |
| Keywords: | transisi energi, inklusif, dekarbonisasi, kesejahteraan, kelompok rentan |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:agg:wpaper:4223 |