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on South East Asia |
| By: | Meyka, Caroline |
| Abstract: | Selama pandemi Covid-19, bisnis harus menghadapi persaingan yang ketat dan pertumbuhan yang melambat. Pandemi ini telah mempengaruhi semua industri di Indonesia, termasuk industri logistik, terutama organisasi pelabuhan. Gangguan dalam industri logistik telah mengakibatkan pengurangan beban kargo trailer dan kontainer. Hal ini dapat terjadi karena pembatasan transportasi yang harus dikenakan jaminan kesehatan yang lebih besar. |
| Date: | 2021–10–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:vgdtm&r= |
| By: | Athira, Nurul |
| Abstract: | Kesehatan reproduksi pada wanita merupakan persoalan tentang seksualitas dan reproduksi yang terkait dengan pelayanan pemeriksaan kehamilan proses persalinan dan pengobatan pasca persalinan. Angka kematian ibu dan angka kematian bayi merupakan indikator kesehatan reproduksi di mana Indonesia masih tinggi dibandingkan dengan negara lainnya (suryawati, 2007). Angka kematian ibu dan angka kematian bayi merupakan indikator kesehatan reproduksi di mana di Indonesia masih tinggi dibandingkan dengan negara lainnya. Pada tahun 2013 mencatat hampir 800 (99%) wanita meninggal setiap akibat komplikasi pada masa kehamilan dan persalinan dan terjadi di negara-negara berkembang (WHO, 2014) . |
| Date: | 2021–10–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:ak7t8&r= |
| By: | BILI, IMELDA LAMBERTINI (IIK STRADA Indonesia) |
| Abstract: | Perlindungan bagi setiap warga negara merupakan kewajiban yang harus dipenuhi oleh suatu negara.Makna persatuan dan kesatuan bagi warga indonesia adalah bersatunya berbagai bangsa dengan beragam perbedaan agama,suku,bahasa,maupun adat-istiadat yang mendiami wilayah indonesia menjadi satu kebulatan utuh dan serasi.Itulah mengapa,penting memiliki sikap persatuan dan kesatuan antar warga masyarakat demi keutuhan bangsa dan negara,Tanpa adanya persatuan dan kesatuan bangsa akan terpecah belah.Persatuan dan kesatuan sangat penting untuk mempertahankan kedaulatan dan kemerdekaan bangsa.Selain itu,dalam menghadapi kejahatan di lingkungan sekitar sangat perlu adanya persatuan dan kesatuan warga sekitar.Karena semakin hari kejahatan semakin marak di Indonesia.Maka dari itu perlu persatuan dan kesatuan untuk menghadapi kejahatan tersebut. |
| Date: | 2021–10–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:5v3mq&r= |
| By: | , Hasni |
| Abstract: | Tugas Ppkn Perjuangan Diplomasi Indonesia |
| Date: | 2021–10–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:wx2ns&r= |
| By: | maulana, ahmad |
| Abstract: | Perkembangan internet yang pesat memberi pengaruh yang signifikan dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan, salah satunya dalam dunia bisnis. Penggunaan internet tidak hanya terbatas pada pemanfaatan informasi yang dapat diakses melalui media internet, melainkan juga dapat digunakan sebagai sarana untuk melakukan transaksi perdagangan yang dikenal dengan istilah eletronic commerce atau e-commerce. Kemenkominfo mencatat Indonesia berada di posisi ke-8 pengguna internet terbanyak di dunia. Pada tahun 2014, pengguna internet di Indonesia naik hingga mencapai 82 juta. Angka tersebut membuktikan bahwa Indonesia memiliki pasar yang luas, terlihat dari banyaknya pemain ecommerce yang berasal dari luar negeri. Diantara banyaknya layanan e-commerce yang ada di Indonesia, Salah satu yang populer adalah toko online Lazada. Lazada Indonesia didirikan pada tahun 2012 dan merupakan salah satu cabang dari jaringan retail online Lazada di Asia Tenggara. Lazada Asia Tenggara merupakan cabang anak perusahaan jaringan Rocket Internet, perusahaan asal Jerman. Sebagai pendatang baru di bisnis e-commerce Indonesia,Lazada mampu merebut perhatian sebagian besar masyarakat internet (netizen). erdasarkan situs pemeringkat website Alexa.com, Lazada saat ini menempati urutan ke-11 sebagai situs yang paling sering dikunjungi. Peringkat tersebut menempatkan Lazada di urutan pertama sebagai situs toko online business to consumer (B2C) yang paling sering dikunjungi. |
| Date: | 2021–10–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:u2ths&r= |
| By: | , Rafli |
| Abstract: | TUGAS PPKN PERJUANGAN DIPLOMASI INDONESIA |
| Date: | 2021–10–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:fjv9t&r= |
| By: | RAHAYU, NUR ASTI |
| Abstract: | Bangsa Indonesia menyatakan kemerdekaan pada 17 Agustus 1945 setelah sekian lama dijajah bangsa-bangsa Eropa, terutama Belanda, dan kemudian Jepang. Meskipun sudah memproklamirkan kemerdekaan namun Indonesia masih diincar oleh Belanda yang ingin berkuasa kembali. |
| Date: | 2021–10–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:f4jhx&r= |
| By: | , Irmawati |
| Abstract: | Tugas ppkn Tetang perjuangan diplomasi Indonesia |
| Date: | 2021–11–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:rcqt7&r= |
| By: | , Melani |
| Abstract: | Perjuangan Diplomasi Indonesia |
| Date: | 2021–10–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:8j723&r= |
| By: | Meyka, Caroline |
| Abstract: | Selama pandemi Covid-19, banyak bisnis harus menghadapi persaingan yang ketat dan pertumbuhan yang melambat. Pandemi ini telah mempengaruhi semua industri di Indonesia, termasuk industri logistik, terutama organisasi pelabuhan. Gangguan dalam industri logistik ini mengakibatkan pengurangan beban kargo trailer dan kontainer. Hal ini dapat terjadi karena pembatasan transportasi karena perusahaan harus menerapkan keamanan kesehatan yang lebih besar. Akibatnya, ini mengganggu rantai pasokan dan menyebabkan penurunan volume kontainer di beberapa daerah. Cikarang Dry Port adalah perusahaan pengelola pelabuhan darat yang mulai beroperasi pada tahun 2010 dan ditetapkan sebagai Kawasan Pabean Terpadu dengan kode IDJBK. |
| Date: | 2021–10–22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:y94mw&r= |
| By: | Nuswantara, Aldien Senapati |
| Abstract: | Ketika Indonesia mengalami krisis keuangan, kondisi ini berdampak pada bisnis skala besar di mana banyak bisnis gulung tikar dan bahkan bangkrut. Lain halnya dengan usaha kecil dan menengah yang mampu bertahan karena tidak banyak menggunakan bahan baku impor menjadi faktor yang menyebabkan selamat dari dampak krisis keuangan |
| Date: | 2021–10–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:9fg8w&r= |
| By: | , alpionita |
| Abstract: | Perjuangan Diplomasi Indonesia resume ppkn |
| Date: | 2021–10–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:6ctgy&r= |
| By: | Saputra, Muhammad |
| Abstract: | Pada tahun 1997 Indonesia mengalami krisis ekonomi. Indonesia mengalami krisis ekonomi, kondisi ini berdampak pada bisnis skala besar dimana banyak bisnis yang gulung tikar bahkan bangkrut. Sedangkan dengan usaha kecil menengah yang mampu bertahan karena tidak banyak menggunakan bahan baku impor dan malah menjadi sabuk penyelamat dari dampak krisis ekonomi (Andalan & Hikmah, 2013). Peranan usaha kecil dan menengah sangat penting dalam pembangunan ekonomi, terutama dalam penyediaan tenaga kerja dan sumber pendapatan bagi kelompok berpenghasilan rendah. Menurut Lembaga Pengembangan Perbankan Indonesia (LPPI) dan Bank Indonesia (BI) tahun 2015, faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kinerja usaha mikro dan kecil (UMK) adalah kemampuan membaca kebutuhan pasar yang masih belum tajam, sehingga belum mampu menangkap kebutuhan yang diinginkan pasar secara akurat |
| Date: | 2021–10–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:6bhge&r= |
| By: | , Novi |
| Abstract: | Tugas resume Perjuangan Diplomasi Indonesia |
| Date: | 2021–11–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:k3xzf&r= |
| By: | Raihan, Ahmad Faiz |
| Abstract: | Krisis ekonomi yang dialami Indonesia pada tahun 1997, dimana saat itu orientasi pertumbuhan ekonomi bertumpu pada pengembangan usaha-usaha besar. Usaha besar diharapkan dapat mendorong pertumbuhan usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah. Namun, ternyata krisis tersebut telah menghentikan keberhasilan pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia, yang mengakibatkan banyak perusahaan besar mengalami kebangkrutan danbesar- pemutusan hubungan kerja secarabesaran. Berbeda dengan usaha besar, usaha mikro dan kecil pulih lebih cepat dari krisis, dan pekerja yang terkena dampak diserap ke dalam usaha mikro dan kecil ini. Kecepatan pemulihan usaha mikro dan kecil karena sifat usaha yang lebih fleksibel, modal yang relatif kecil, dan umumnya tidak tergantung pada bahan baku impor dan utang luar negeri. Selain itu, banyak usaha mikro dan kecil bermunculan dan mulai memiliki peran penting dalam perekonomian nasional Indonesia. Pada tahun 2017, usaha mikro dan kecil membuat ante stagnan terhadap PDB (Produk Domestik Bruto) Indonesia sebesar 60,34%. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk menjaga stabilitas kinerja atau bahkan meningkatkannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh orientasi pasar, kapabilitas pemasaran, dan inovasi produk terhadap kinerja usaha mikro dan kecil. |
| Date: | 2021–10–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:5wny4&r= |
| By: | saifullah, Aan |
| Abstract: | Tugas Ppkn perjuangan diplomasi Indonesia |
| Date: | 2021–11–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:9pku3&r= |
| By: | Meyka, Caroline |
| Abstract: | Krisis ekonomi yang dialami di Indonesia saat itu, berdampak terhadap orientasi pertumbuhan ekonomi bertumpu pada pengembangan usaha-usaha besar. Usaha besar diharapkan dapat membantu mendorong pertumbuhan usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah. Namun, ternyata krisis tersebut telah menghentikan keberhasilan pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia dan mengakibatkan banyak perusahaan besar mengalami kebangkrutan dan pemutusan hubungan kerja secara besar-besaran. |
| Date: | 2021–10–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:bg6hp&r= |
| By: | Ghifarisadewa, Muhammad Raynara |
| Abstract: | Krisis ekonomi yang dialami Indonesia pada tahun 1997, dimana saat itu orientasi pertumbuhan ekonomi bertumpu pada pengembangan usaha-usaha besar. Usaha besar diharapkan dapat mendorong pertumbuhan usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah. Namun, ternyata krisis tersebut telah menghentikan keberhasilan pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia, yang mengakibatkan banyak perusahaan besar mengalami kebangkrutan dan pemutusan hubungan kerja secara besar-besaran. Berbeda dengan usaha besar, usaha mikro dan kecil pulih lebih cepat dari krisis, dan pekerja yang terkena dampak diserap ke dalam usaha mikro dan kecil ini. Kecepatan pemulihan usaha mikro dan kecil karena sifat usaha yang lebih fleksibel, modal yang relatif kecil, dan umumnya tidak tergantung pada bahan baku impor dan utang luar negeri. Selain itu, banyak usaha mikro dan kecil bermunculan dan mulai memiliki peran penting dalam perekonomian nasional Indonesia. Pada tahun 2017, usaha mikro dan kecil membuat ante stagnan terhadap PDB (Produk Domestik Bruto) Indonesia sebesar 60,34%. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk menjaga stabilitas kinerja atau bahkan meningkatkannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh orientasi pasar, kapabilitas pemasaran, dan inovasi produk terhadap kinerja usaha mikro dan kecil khususnya di Jakarta Barat. Jumlah sampel ditentukan dengan menggunakan rumus Slovin yaitu 270 sampel dari 835 populasi, pelaku usaha mikro dan kecil di Kota Jakarta Barat yang telah memiliki Izin Usaha Mikro Kecil. Sedangkan data yang dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner dianalisis dengan menggunakan software SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kinerja bisnis adalah inovasi produk dan diikuti kemampuan pemasaran, kemudian yang terakhir adalah orientasi pasar. |
| Date: | 2021–10–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:amjyr&r= |
| By: | Ho, Tung Manh; Le, Ngoc-Thang B. |
| Abstract: | This paper reviews studies on sustainable supply chain management in Vietnam during the 2008-2020 period. |
| Date: | 2021–10–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:euvfm&r= |
| By: | Ho, Tung Manh; Le, Ngoc-Thang B. |
| Abstract: | These are preliminary findings on the research of corporate social responsibilities in Vietnam from 2008 to 2020. |
| Date: | 2021–10–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:hyuqs&r= |
| By: | Nuswantara, Aldien Senapati |
| Abstract: | Di tengah gejolak Covid-19, bisnis harus menghadapi persaingan yang kuat dan kemajuan yang melambat. Penyebarannya telah mempengaruhi semua bisnis di Indonesia, termasuk industri koordinasi, khususnya organisasi kepelabuhanan. Gangguan dalam industri koordinasi telah terjadi dalam penurunan di trailer dan tumpukan kargo pemegang. Ini bisa terjadi karena keterbatasan transportasi karena perusahaan harus memaksakan jaminan kesejahteraan yang lebih mencolok. Akibatnya, rantai pasokan terganggu dan didorong hingga penurunan yang signifikan. |
| Date: | 2021–10–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:5r9fw&r= |
| By: | Briones, Kristine Joy; Del Mundo, Michael Dominic |
| Abstract: | The COVID-19 pandemic has created economic disruption in the Philippines, resulting in loss of income for many workers. Because of this, many internal migrants, particularly those who continued to have close ties to their place of origin, returned home. This report investigates internal migrants in the country using preliminary data from the 2020 Census of Population and Housing (CPH) by the Philippine Statistics Authority. While not completely exhaustive, the 2020 CPH may help identify arease where the population has increased or decreased compared to expectations or population projections. Higher-than-expected population is due to relocation of families from danger zones to resettlement areas. Lower-than expected population, on the other hand, is seen areas where natural calamities frequently strike and in urbanized areas usually populated by students and worker residents before the pandemic. |
| Keywords: | COVID-19, internal migration, population, Philippines |
| JEL: | I1 J6 |
| Date: | 2021–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:111917&r= |
| By: | Thanh Nguyen, Phong; Anh Nguyen, Thu; Huynh Tat Tran, Thang |
| Abstract: | This paper identifies potential barrier factors affecting effectiveness and development (ED) of ITS projects as well as criteria for measuring ED of ITS projects in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The study discovers the barrier constructs, and analyzes data using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling method (PLS-SEM). The results provides a general and comprehensive overview of the main issues of ITS, and identifies 28 barrier factors with five main constructs affecting ED of ITS projects, namely the lack of undivided attention from the government (AG), financial constraints for ITS (FC), inadequate transport infrastructure (ITI), the over-development of urbanization (ODU), and the readiness and integration for ITS (RI). This paper fill the knowledge gap by discovering the causal relationships between barrier constructs and ED of ITS projects in Vietnam. Also it proposes several solutions for these issues, which are also a useful measurement tool for government agencies, planners, and traffic system designers to help them self-assess and make action plans now or in the near future. |
| Keywords: | Barrier Factors, PLS-SEM, Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), Smart City, Vietnam |
| JEL: | O18 O22 R4 R48 |
| Date: | 2021–11–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:112006&r= |
| By: | Anisuzzaman Chowdhury (Adjunct Professor, Western Sydney University & The University of New South Wales (Canberra campus)) |
| Abstract: | This paper has four objectives. First, it assesses progress made by Cambodia, Lao PDR and Myanmar (CML) towards graduating from their Least Developed Countries (LDC) status, and summarizes potential impacts from the loss of International Support Measures (ISMs) on the “smooth†and “sustainable†transition after graduating, especially in the context of new challenges arising from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and rising trade tensions. Second, it examines the extent of these economies diversification and identifies impediments to structural transformation. Third, it reflects on possible pathways to structural transformation and recommends strategies for building productive capacity and resilience to external shocks, highlighting the role of regional cooperation in this regard. Fourth, it identifies areas needing capacity building support from the international community, including the United Nations Sustainable Development System (UNSDS), in particular the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP). The paper takes the view that “smooth†and “sustainable†graduation critically depends on acquiring productive capacity for dynamic structural transformation of the economy. |
| Keywords: | structural transformation, LDC graduation, Colonavirus disease, COVID-19 impacts, least developed countries |
| JEL: | O11 O14 O57 P52 |
| Date: | 2021–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unt:wpmpdd:wp/21/04&r= |
| By: | Kabir, Muhammad Fadhlan |
| Abstract: | Pandemi telah mempengaruhi semua industri di Indonesia, termasuk logistik industri, khususnya organisasi pelabuhan. Operator pelabuhan kering harus meningkatkan organisasi mereka kelincahan untuk beradaptasi dan bertahan hidup selama pandemi. Beberapa faktor mempengaruhi organisasi untuk meningkatkan kelincahan organisasi, seperti persaingan produk, kemajuan teknologi, dan keunggulan kompetitif. Kekuatan kemajuan teknologi organisasi untuk mengadopsi praktik kelincahan perusahaan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas perusahaan . Kelincahan ada dalam organisasi melalui manusia, inovasi, dan teknologi . |
| Date: | 2021–10–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:hv7an&r= |
| By: | Giao, Ha Nam Khanh; Tuan, Huynh Quoc |
| Abstract: | The study aimed to identify and measure the factors affecting the intention to buy air ticket online in Vietnam by surveying 331 consumers aged 18 and over who bought air ticket online. The SPSS 20 tool was used to analyze the reliability of the scale through the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, EFA exploratory factor analysis, and linear regression analysis. Research results show that positive impact factors, decreasing by their strength, include: Perceived Benefit, Reliability, Reputation, Subjective Norm, Perceived Ease of Use. Meanwhile, Perceived Risk has a negative impact on the intention to buy air ticket of consumers. The results also help managers recognize the importance of the factors that affect the buying behavior of the consumers, and consequently make appropriate strategic adjustments and actions in the competitive process for air ticket online presently. |
| Date: | 2021–10–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:867s5&r= |
| By: | Nguyen, Cuong; Tran, Tuyen; Vu, Huong |
| Abstract: | In this study, we find that the negative effect of unexploded ordnance (UXO) on the geographical density of foreign direct investment and large firms is a new channel through which the war legacy impedes local development in Vietnam. A 1% increase in the proportion of UXO-contaminated area leads to a 0.78% relative decrease in the density of FDI firms within districts. Point estimates for the elasticity of the density of joint-venture FDI firms and state-owned enterprise (SOEs) due to UXO are smaller, equal to -0.56 and -0.54. Consequently, a 1% increase in the proportion of UXO-contaminated areas leads to a 0.46% relative decrease in the intensity of nighttime light. |
| Keywords: | War; FDI; unexploded ordnance; local development; Vietnam. |
| JEL: | O12 R12 |
| Date: | 2021–08–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:111891&r= |
| By: | John Gibson (University of Waikato); Yi Jiang (Asian Development Bank); Bambang Susantono (Asian Development Bank) |
| Abstract: | There is increasing interest in assessing whether growth of big cities has effects that differ from effects of growth of secondary towns, especially for impacts on poverty. It can be difficult to study these issues with typical sub-national economic data for administrative units because urban growth often occurs outside of the administrative boundaries of cities. An emerging literature therefore uses remote sensing to measure patterns of urban growth without being restricted by limitations of data for administrative areas. We add to this literature by combining remote sensing data on night-time lights for 41 big cities and 497 districts in Indonesia with annual poverty estimates from socio-economic surveys, using spatial econometric models to examine effects of urban growth on poverty during 2011-19. We measure growth on both the extensive (lit area) and intensive (brightness within lit area) margins, and distinguish between growth of big cities and of secondary towns. The extensive margin growth of secondary towns is associated with lower rates of poverty but there is no similar effect for growth of big cities. The productivity advantages of big cities and concerns about agricultural land loss to expanding towns and cities may imply that urban growth patterns favouring big cities are warranted, while on the other hand these new results suggest, from a poverty reduction point of view, that policies to favour secondary towns may be warranted. Policymakers in countries like Indonesia therefore face difficult trade-offs when developing their urbanization strategies. |
| Keywords: | big cities; night-time lights; poverty; secondary towns;Indonesia |
| JEL: | O15 R12 |
| Date: | 2022–02–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wai:econwp:22/05&r= |
| By: | Briones, Kristine Joy; Del Mundo, Michael Dominic |
| Abstract: | One of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in the decrease in the number of births in the country. In 2020, there were 1.53 million registered births, down 8.3% from 2019. There were 117 thousand registered births in December 2020, 18% lower than the same month the previous year. From January to May 2021, there were 461 thousand registered births in the country, down 24% from 2020 and 31% from 2019. Home births increased during the pandemic. On the other hand, births from women aged 20 and below decreased from December 2020 to February 2021. Assuming that current trends continue, projections show that births in 2021 will go down by 521 thousand births. This is equivalent to 1.16 million registered births in 2021, down 24% from 2020. |
| Keywords: | COVID-19, fertility, birth registration, Philippines |
| JEL: | I1 J1 J11 J13 |
| Date: | 2021–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:111915&r= |
| By: | Hai-Anh Dang (World Bank); Cuong Nguyen (Vietnam National University); Calogero Carletto (World Bank) |
| Abstract: | Little evidence exists on the adverse effects of COVID-19 on the labor market for poorer countries. Despite its low middle-income status, Vietnam has been widely praised for its success in the fight against early waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, with a low mortality rate of around 100 deaths out of a population of less than 100 million by the end of 2020. We rigorously estimate the pandemic effects on employment outcomes in Vietnam, applying difference-in-differences and regression discontinuity design models to rich individual-level data from the Labor Force Surveys spanning 2015 to 2020. We find post-pandemic increased unemployment and temporary layoff rates and decreased employment quality. Monthly wages reduced but the proportion of workers receiving below-minimum wages substantially increased, contributing to sharply rising wage inequality. Our findings suggest that more resources can be allocated to protect vulnerable workers, especially as the pandemic prolongs and likely results in more severe damages to the economy. |
| Keywords: | COVID-19, employment, wage inequality, differences-in-differences, RDD, Vietnam |
| JEL: | E24 I30 J21 O12 |
| Date: | 2022–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:inq:inqwps:ecineq2022-607&r= |
| By: | Nugraha, Putu Pradipta Widya |
| Abstract: | Pada masa pandemic covid-19 yang terjadi saat ini, bisnis harus mengahadapi persaingan yang ketat dan pertumbuhan yang melambat. Pandemi terlah berdampak pada seluruh industry di Indonesia termasuk industry logistic khususnya Pelabuhan. Faktor yang mempengaruhi organisasi untuk meningkatkan kelincahan organisasi adalah persaingan produk, kemajuan teknologi yang dipergunakan dan keunggulan kompetitif yang dimiliki perusahaan. Kemajuan teknologi ini memaksa organisasi untuk mengadopsi praktek teknologi yang ada untuk efektivitas perusahaan. Kelincahan ini membantu organisasi untuk berkembang dalam persaiangan, kemampuan organisasi ini mendukung kelincahan organisasi untuk berkembang dalam situasi yang tidak pasti dan perubahan yang dinamis. Dalam jurnal, disebutkan ada tiga hal yang diteliti, yaitu : a) Keefektivitasan perusahaan Dry Port, b) hubungan antara pengalaman digital karyawan dan keefektivitasan perusahaan Dry Port, c) Hubungan Kelincahan Karyawan dengan Efektivitas Perusahaan Dry port |
| Date: | 2021–10–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:sd7pw&r= |
| By: | 2301918464, MATTHEW ARISTIA - |
| Abstract: | Selama pandemi Covid-19, bisnis harus menghadapi persaingan yang ketat dan pertumbuhan yang lambat. Pandemi telah mempengaruhi semua industri di Indonesia, termasuk logistik industri, khususnya organisasi pelabuhan. Gangguan di industri logistik telah mengakibatkan pengurangan kargo beban trailer dan kontainer. Hal ini dapat terjadi karena pembatasan transportasi karena perusahaan harus memaksakan jaminan kesehatan yang lebih besar. Akibatnya, itu terganggu rantai pasokan dan menyebabkan penurunan volume kontainer di beberapa wilayah. Seperti contohnya, Cikarang Dry Port merupakan perusahaan pengelola pelabuhan darat yang mulai beroperasi pada tahun 2010 dan telah ditetapkan sebagai Kawasan Pabean Terpadu dengan IDJBK kode. Kinerja atau perfoma dari perusahaan tersebut selama tahun 2019 disebabkan oleh kegiatan terminal pelabuhan darat, terdaftar volume 82.161 TEUs, turun sebesar 14% dibandingkan dengan tahun sebelumnya. Penurunan ini disebabkan karena melemahnya impor ekspor domestik akibat tekanan perdagangan global akibat perang dagang antara Amerika Serikat dan Cina selama 2019. Komposisi volume ini masih utama didominasi oleh 85% barang asing dari 15%. Dan masuk 2020, karena pandemi, perusahaan Cikarang Dry Port menurun dari 63.112 TEU di tahun 2019 menjadi 44.847 TEU di tahun 2020, langsung berdampak pada pengurangan pendapatan. Dry Port Firm harus bisa meningkatkan kelincahan mereka dalam organisasi mereka untuk beradaptasi dan bertahan selama masa pandemi. Ada beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi organisasi untuk meningkatkan kelincahan organisasi, seperti persaingan produk, kemajuan teknologi, dan keunggulan kompetitif. Kemajuan teknologi memaksa organisasi untuk mengadopsi praktik kelincahan perusahaan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas perusahaan. Kelincahan ada dalam organisasi melalui manusia, inovasi, dan teknologi. |
| Date: | 2021–10–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:35fh9&r= |
| By: | Huynh, Cong Minh; Hoang, Hong Hiep |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the impact of economic freedom on losses of natural disasters in 35 Asian countries over the period 2000 – 2018. Results from various estimation methods show that economic freedom reduces natural disasters – proxied by both of total number of deaths and total economic losses from natural disasters, and this beneficial impact is intensified with the improvement of property rights and government integrity. Our findings assert the important role of economic freedom, property rights and government integrity in mitigating the losses of natural disasters. |
| Keywords: | Economic freedom; Natural disasters’ losses; Property right; Government integrity |
| JEL: | A11 B12 D23 Q54 |
| Date: | 2022–01–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:111958&r= |
| By: | Briones, Kristine Joy; Del Mundo, Michael Dominic |
| Abstract: | One of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic is the increase in the number of excess deaths experienced by the country. From January 2020 to May 2021, the estimated number of excess deaths was 91,024 – around 11% higher than the expected number of deaths under pre-pandemic or "normal" conditions. These excess deaths came from Covid-19 Related Deaths and deaths from all other causes that suddenly increased during the pandemic, such as cardiovascular-related diseases. In particular, a large share of the excess deaths came from the age group 50 years and over and from Luzon, including the National Capital Region. Assuming that the current trends continue, projections show that the excess deaths for the full year 2021 will reach approximately 228,000. |
| Keywords: | COVID-19, excess deaths, mortality, Philippines |
| JEL: | I1 J1 J11 |
| Date: | 2021–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:111916&r= |
| By: | Giuseppe De Arcangelis (Sapienza University of Rome); Dean Yang (University of Michigan) |
| Abstract: | We conducted a randomized experiment of the impact of remittance labeling among Filipino migrant workers in the UAE. The ability to label remittances with the migrantÕs intended uses leads migrants with low levels of baseline (pre-treatment) remittances to increase their remittance levels. There is no effect of labeling for migrants with initially higher remittance levels. We also examined impacts of remittance labeling on household expenditures in treated migrantsÕ remittance-recipient households in the Philippines. The labeling treatment does not lead to higher expenditures on uses that migrants report as priority items (in the full sample or in subsamples split by baseline remittances). There is only weak or mixed evidence that labeling leads to actual changes in household expenditures towards the purposes preferred by migrants. |
| Keywords: | RCT, Philippines, remittances |
| JEL: | F24 O15 D19 C9 |
| Date: | 2022–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mie:wpaper:684&r= |
| By: | Sumit Agarwal (National University of Singapore); John R. Grigsby (Princeton University); Ali Hortaçsu (University of Chicago); Gregor Matvos (Northwestern University); Amit Seru (Stanford University) |
| Abstract: | We study the interaction of search and application approval in credit markets. We combine a unique dataset, which details search behavior for a large sample of mortgage borrowers, with loan application and rejection decisions. Our data reveal substantial dispersion in mortgage rates and search intensity, conditional on observables. However, in contrast to predictions of standard search models, we find a novel non-monotonic relationship between search and realized prices: borrowers, who search a lot, obtain more expensive mortgages than borrowers' with less frequent search. The evidence suggests that this occurs because lenders screen borrowers' creditworthiness, rejecting unworthy borrowers, which differentiates consumer credit markets from other search markets. Based on these insights, we build a model that combines search and screening in presence of asymmetric information. Risky borrowers internalize the probability that their application is rejected, and behave as if they had higher search costs. The model rationalizes the relationship between search, interest rates, defaults, and application rejections, and highlights the tight link between credit standards and pricing. We estimate the parameters of the model and study several counterfactuals. The model suggests that "overpayment" may be a poor proxy for consumer unsophistication since it partly represents rational search in presence of rejections. Moreover, the development of improved screening technologies from AI and big data (i.e., fintech lending) could endogenously lead to more severe adverse selection in credit markets. Finally, place based policies, such as the Community Reinvestment Act, may affect equilibrium prices through endogenous search responses rather than increased credit risk. |
| Keywords: | credit markets, household finance |
| JEL: | G21 G50 G51 G53 L00 |
| Date: | 2020–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pri:econom:2020-01&r= |
| By: | Hayakawa, Kazunobu (Institute of Developing Economies); Lee, Hyun-Hoon (Kangwon National University); Park, Cyn-Young (Asian Development Bank) |
| Abstract: | This study empirically examines how the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has impacted foreign direct investment (FDI), using the quarterly data on bilateral FDI flows from 173 home to 192 host countries from the first quarter of 2019 to the second quarter of 2021. We measure the severity of COVID-19 damage using three indicators—the number of confirmed cases, the number of deaths, and the stringency index of government policies that restrict people’s activities. We also differentiate FDI flows via two different entry modes—greenfield FDI and cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&A). We find heterogeneous effects of COVID-19 impacts on FDI by sector and entry mode. The severity of COVID-19 in host countries adversely affected FDI in the manufacturing sector regardless of the entry mode, but the effect of home countries’ COVID-19 situation on FDI was insignificant. On the other hand, in the service sector, the severity of COVID-19 in both host and home countries has significantly negative impact on greenfield FDI, not on cross-border M&A. |
| Keywords: | COVID-19; greenfield FDI; cross-border M&A |
| JEL: | F21 F23 I15 |
| Date: | 2022–03–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:adbewp:0653&r= |
| By: | Vo, Dai-Luoc |
| Abstract: | Nền kinh tế thị trường thực sự hiện đang tồn tại ở tất cả các nước phát triển với các mô hình khác nhau. Nhưng tất cả đều có những đặc điểm chung, đó là: (1) Cơ sở vật chất và công nghệ đều dựa trên sự phát triển của đại công nghiệp và đang có xu hướng chuyển sang nền kinh tế tri thức; (2) Các nền kinh tế thị trường này đều dựa trên nền tảng sở hữu tư nhân, sở hữu nhà nước, chiếm tỷ trọng không lớn và chỉ có vai trò hỗ trợ sở hữu tư nhân phát triển; (3) Giá cả của tất cả các loại hàng hóa và dịch vụ như: giá cả, lãi suất, tỷ giá, tiền lương... đều do thị trường xác định, có sự điều tiết hợp lý của nhà nước khi cần thiết; (4) Các nguồn lực phát triển: tiền tệ, vốn, công nghệ, lao động... do thị trường phân bổ; (5) Các nền kinh tế thị trường này đều mở cửa, hội nhập quốc tế; (6) Nhà nước đều can thiệp để hạn chế bớt mặt trái của thị trường, như: giảm bớt tình trạng nghèo đói, ô nhiễm môi trường, tác động tiêu cực của khủng hoảng, định hướng hỗ trợ phát triển khoa học công nghệ và hội nhập quốc tế... |
| Date: | 2021–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:v92zg&r= |
| By: | , Yangriani |
| Abstract: | Inovasi menjadi suatu alat penting untuk mencapai kesuksesan dan kelangsungan peroperasian dalam perusahaan. Inovasi yang di sertai dengan kelincahan telah menjadi kemampuan penting yang diperlukan untuk memenuhi perubahan yang tidak terduga dan dapat menjadi sebuah peluang utnuk mencapai keunggulan yang kompetitif. Kelincahan yang dapat diberikan oleh karyawan mengacu pada sejauh mana karyawan dapat dengan cepat merespon perubahan lingkungan kerja dengan kemampuan untuk memanfaatkan perubahan tersebut sebagai salah satu kepentingan organisasi. |
| Date: | 2021–10–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:xk8yr&r= |