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on South East Asia |
| By: | Yarlina Yacoub (Universitas Tanjungpura, Indonesia Author-2-Name: Nindya Lestari Author-2-Workplace-Name: Universitas Tanjungpura, Indonesia Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – This study aims to determine the relationship between FDI and trade and its effect on economic growth in ASEAN-5 countries using the Engel-Granger causality method. Methodology/Technique – The study uses OLS panel regression analysis to identify the relationship between the variables in each country. The results of the Engel-Granger causality test indicate that there is a two-way relationship between economic growth and FDI, and economic growth and international trade. Findings – When tested together through panel regression, it is concluded that the best model is a random effect method (REM) in which FDI and international trade significantly influence economic growth in the same direction. However, the relationship between FDI and international trade and its effect on economic growth in Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand was negative, whilst in Malaysia and Singapore the relationship has a directional trend. Novelty – To reinforce the FDI inflows, authorities should continue the progressive reduction of barriers, and increase the sophistication of quality exports to compete in the global market. This paper is the first of its kind to analyze the role of both FDI and exports in the ASEAN5 economies using panel analysis. Type of Paper: Empirical. |
| Keywords: | Economic Growth; FDI; Openness; Engle-Granger Causality. |
| JEL: | F02 F10 F41 |
| Date: | 2019–03–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jber164&r=all |
| By: | Achsania Hendratmi (Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia. Author-2-Name: Puji Sucia Sukmaningrum Author-2-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Airlangga No.4, 60286, Surabaya, Indonesia Author-3-Name: Muhamad Nafik Hadi Ryandono Author-3-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Airlangga No.4, 60286, Surabaya, Indonesia Author-4-Name: Ririn Tri Ratnasari Author-4-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Airlangga No.4, 60286, Surabaya, Indonesia Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – This study aims to determine the role of Islamic crowdfunding towards business development of start-up businesses financed in Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia. Methodology/Technique – This study uses a qualitative approach with an exploratory case study strategy. The data collection was carried out by conducting in-depth interviews with CEOs and COOs of Kapital Boost and CEO Investee (funded SMEs) informants. Findings – The results show that there is an increase in assets, sales turnover, and the capacity of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and Startup businesses that received funding through campaigns on the Kapital Boost platform. In addition, pioneering business people can get easier access to financing compared to financing through bank-provided credit. Novelty – The findings of this paper can be used to develop crowdfunding platform will be implemented in Muslim countries or countries with a majority Muslim population. Type of Paper: Empirical. |
| Keywords: | Crowdfunding Platforms; Islamic Crowdfunding; Business Development; MSMEs; Start-up Companies. |
| JEL: | E44 M21 M29 |
| Date: | 2019–03–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jber165&r=all |
| By: | Akzar, Rida; Umberger, Wendy; Peralta, Alexandra |
| Abstract: | Adoption of agricultural innovations are still low, particularly among smallholder farmers in developing countries. Despite a significant amount of literature on the adoption of agricultural technologies, most of the previous studies have focused on the adoption of a single technology and employed univariate analysis in understanding the significant factors that associate with the adoption decisions. However, farmers are more likely to adopt multiple technologies as complements or substitutes and to maximise their expected benefit from the adoption decisions while constrained by their limited budget and access to information. This study contributes to the literature by studying adoption of multiple technology bundles and its implications in the design of strategies to improve dairy extension programs in Indonesia. The increasing demand for milk products in Indonesia creates a market opportunity for domestic milk producers. Most of the domestic milk supply is produced in small dairy farms with an average herd size two to three dairy cows per farm, producing around 10 litres of relatively low-quality milk per cow per day [1]. Adoption of productivity-enhancing and quality-enhancing dairy farm technologies is likely to enable smallholder dairy farmers to capture this market opportunity. This study is part of a large Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) project called IndoDairy, focused on improving the livelihoods of smallholder dairy farmers in Indonesia. Thus, we use data from our recent survey of 600 dairy farm households conducted in August 2017 in West Java, Indonesia. We analyse the pattern of adoption of multiple technologies at the farm-level. Results from Latent Class Cluster analyses suggest that there are three different clusters of smallholder farmers based on the dairy technologies they adopted, reflecting that smallholder farmers have different technology needs. Socio-demographic characteristics of the smallholder farmers help explain why these clusters are different in technologies they adopted. |
| Keywords: | Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare19:285094&r=all |
| By: | Puji Sucia Sukmaningrum (Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia Author-2-Name: Tri Nofik Indayani Author-2-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Airlangga No.4, 60286, Surabaya, Indonesia Author-3-Name: Achsania Hendratmi Author-3-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Airlangga No.4, 60286, Surabaya, Indonesia Author-4-Name: Sylva Alif Rusmita Author-4-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Airlangga No.4, 60286, Surabaya, Indonesia Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – The purpose of this research is to identify the relationship between corporate performance, Good Corporate Governance (GCG), and corporate characteristics on Islamic Social Reporting disclosure in Indonesia. Methodology/Technique – A quantitative approach is applied in this research. The sample of this study consists of companies that were consistently listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) from 2012 to 2017. A purposive sampling method with certain criteria was employed to produce a total of 72 samplings. Partial Least Square (PLS) was also used to analyse the data. Findings – The results of this research indicate that corporate performance has a positive and significant effect on ISR disclosure, GCG has a positive and significant effect on ISR disclosure, and corporate characteristics have a negative and insignificant effect on ISR disclosure. Novelty – Islamic Social Reporting is the answer and solution to the needs of the interested parties concerned with the company's financial statements. ISR becomes a very important thing for the reputation and performance of Islamic financial institutions. Islamic financial institutions that succeed in revealing their ISR value will be perceived as a reliable entity by the Muslim community in channelling their fund. Type of Paper: Empirical. |
| Keywords: | Islamic Social Reporting; Corporate Performance; Good Corporate Governance; Corporate Characteristics. |
| JEL: | M40 M41 M49 |
| Date: | 2019–03–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:afr168&r=all |
| By: | McCoy, Alfred W. |
| Abstract: | In a search for appropriate theory, this essay inserts drug trafficking, the world’s largest illicit economic activity, within a wider analytical frame called the ‘covert netherworld.’ Through the convergence of three factors—covert operations, illicit commerce, and social milieu—such netherworlds can form at regional, national, and international levels, thereby transforming social margins of crime and illicit commerce into potent sources of political change. By deftly playing upon this netherworld’s politics and illicit commerce along the Burma-Thai borderlands, a regional ‘drug lord’ amassed sufficient local power to dominate the global heroin trade for over a decade and simultaneously sustain an ethnic revolt for nearly 15 years. In the Philippines, the illicit traffic in synthetic drugs developed a parallel power to influence the character of national politics, compromising three presidential administrations and shaping the moral economy of political life. For the past 40 years in Afghanistan, an illicit commodity, opium, has shaped the fate of military intervention by the world’s sole superpower, allowing it an initial success and later contributing to its ongoing failure. Through the sum of these cases, the essay concludes that the covert netherworld can serve as invisible incubator for a range of extralegal activities and has thereby attained sufficient autonomy to be treated as a significant factor in international politics. |
| Keywords: | drug trafficking; illicit activity; covert netherworld; netherworld; covert operations; illicit commerce; social milieu; borderlands; Burma; Thailand; Afghanistan |
| JEL: | L81 |
| Date: | 2019–01–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:100336&r=all |
| By: | Nur Afifah (Faculty of Economic and Business, Universitas Tanjungpura, Indonesia Author-2-Name: Ilzar Daud Author-2-Workplace-Name: Management Study Program, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Tanjungpura, 78124 Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – Configuration of organizational capability plays a very important role in creating service performance, and superior and sustainable company performance. The purpose of this study is to propose a conceptual to explain the role between configuration of organizational capability to service performance and its impact on sustainable local enterprise water services in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Methodology/Technique – The data was collected from 100 managers at the local enterprise water service in West Kalimantan Indonesia using a purposive sampling method. The analysis tool used was structural equation modeling partial least square (SEMPLS). Findings – The model in this study was confirmed by the data collected which shows the importance of configuring organizational capability to improve both service performance and sustainability of the local enterprise water services in West Kalimantan. The classification of configuration organizational capability in local enterprise water services includes human capability, information technology capability, system capability, and dynamic capability. Novelty – Most of the previous research focus on western countries. Therefore, this research is novel as it is carried out in the context of developing countries, particularly in local enterprise water services in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Type of Paper: Empirical. |
| JEL: | M20 M29 |
| Date: | 2019–03–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jber167&r=all |
| By: | Kiky D.H. Saraswati (Universitas Tarumanagara, Jl. Letjen. S. Parman No. 1, 11440, Jakarta, Indonesia Author-2-Name: Author-2-Workplace-Name: Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective - To remain competitive, organizations must be able to adapt to change and increase their performance. In order to increase performance, organizations must focus on how they manage their employees, including how to retain them. Previous studies have shown that work engagement (WE) has a positive effect on employee retention (Schaufeli & Bakker, 2004). The JD-R Model suggests that WE is influenced by enhancing personal and job resources (Schaufeli, 2017). This research aims to investigate the impact of both of those resources on WE. The personal resource measured in this study is psychological capital while the job resource measured is organizational justice. Furthermore, this research also aims to determine the extent to which WE can be used to predict employee turnover. Methodology/Technique - A quantitative method is implemented in this study by distributing a Utrecth Work Engagement Scale, Psychological Capital Questionnaire, Organizational Justice Questionnaire, and Turnover Intention Scale to 243 employees working in a manufacturing company in Jakarta, Indonesia. Findings - The results of this research conclude that psychological capital and organizational justice have a significant effect on WE (F= 15.231; p |
| Keywords: | Organizational Justice; Psychological Capital; Turnover Intention; Work Engagement. |
| JEL: | M10 M12 M19 |
| Date: | 2019–03–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jmmr213&r=all |
| By: | Igus Rahmat Ginanjar (Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Polytechnic LP3i, Bandung, Indonesia Author-2-Name: Ratih Hurriyati Author-2-Workplace-Name: Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung and Indonesia Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – The intention of visitors of resort hotels is a highly studied topic. More specifically, the aim of the study is to analyse the intention of tourists to return to resort hotels in Indonesia. Methodology/Technique – An explanatory method was used with 388 visitors of resort hotels selected as the sample based on a random sampling technique. The chosen data analysis method is covariant SEM. Findings – The results confirm that the intention to return is based on the planned behaviour theory with variable factor weights. The intention to return can be predicted from the statements of hotel visitors based on responses about their affection, cognition and behaviour. Novelty – The statements provided in this study that show that visitors' expectations of multidimensional resort hotels identifies a need for improvement. This research emphasizes the importance of examining the behaviour of hotel visitors. Type of Paper: Empirical |
| Keywords: | Intention to Return; Resort Hotel Tourist; Attitude; Indonesia; Tourist Destination. |
| JEL: | M10 M14 M19 |
| Date: | 2019–03–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jmmr205&r=all |
| By: | Mirna Amirya (Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia Author-2-Name: Shuo Seah Author-2-Workplace-Name: College of Public Administration, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China & Faculty of Economics & Business, Brawijaya University, 65145, Malang, East Java, Indonesia Author-3-Name: Qiao Wang Author-3-Workplace-Name: College of Public Administration, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – The objective of this paper is to explore and understand the motivators of institutionalization of Performance Measurement Systems (PMS) in the Indonesian Local Government (ILG), particularly in the Batu municipality presenting the performance paradoxes. Performance accountability issues have been encouraging the Batu municipality to implement PMS since the beginning of the 2000s. Methodology/Technique – The theoretical framework and interpretation of this study are adopted from the institutional theory (coercive, mimetic, normative, and allomorphism) which is used to analyze the phenomenon. The researchers employ a single case study to scrutinize the motivators of institutionalization by elaborating on document analysis conducted from the interviews of 10 employees in a different range of management levels (top, middle, and lower). Findings – The results of this study reveal that exogenous (coercive, mimetic and normative) and endogenous (allomorphism) drivers encourage the institutionalization of PMS in the Batu municipality with coercive pressure as a major driver and allomorphism as a mere ceremonial driver (rather than an instrument). Novelty – The practical implications of this study can be used to improve the PMS process and the quality of performance reporting in the Batu municipality and in other local governments. This paper is also expected to fill the gap in existing literature on the implementation of PMS within a developing country (in this case, Indonesia). Type of Paper: Empirical Paper. |
| JEL: | P47 M48 P49 |
| Date: | 2019–03–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jber166&r=all |
| By: | Khan Nasreen (Faculty of Management, Multimedia University, Malaysia Author-2-Name: Tan Booi Chen Author-2-Workplace-Name: Multimedia University, Faculty of Management, Persiaran Multimedia, 63100, Cyberjaya, Malaysia Author-3-Name: Khan Shereen Author-3-Workplace-Name: Multimedia University, Faculty of Management, Persiaran Multimedia, 63100, Cyberjaya, Malaysia Author-4-Name: Sarwar Abdullah Author-4-Workplace-Name: Multimedia University, Faculty of Management, Persiaran Multimedia, 63100, Cyberjaya, Malaysia Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – University branding becomes critical issue due to increasing number of private universities in Malaysia. Although education efforts in Malaysia has been continuously progress, institutions have difficulties to maintain as a powerful brand in competitive industry. Methodology/Technique – Bringing back a brand that consumers already familiar can save a lot of money. While some of institutions are able to maintain its brand image, some are still struggling even to meet the break even and unable to reposition the brand. While there are past studies and experiences on brand knowledge structures in hand, it is still confusing stage for how one could rebuild the brand image to achieve the intended positioning. Findings – The academic literature is particularly sparse in addressing this, and it is a confusing issue for the practitioners. The research discovers the theoretical foundations that relate to rebranding concepts and most critical factors that contribute to rebuilding the brand image of private institutions in Malaysia. Novelty – The current study seeks to shed light on the challenges of undertaking a rebranding exercise and introduce a framework that caters to the needs of brand managers at higher education institutions in Malaysia. Type of Paper: Review. |
| Keywords: | Brand Rejuvenation; Corporate Culture; Consumption Experience; Social Media; IMC. |
| JEL: | A10 A30 A39 |
| Date: | 2019–03–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jmmr206&r=all |
| By: | Sulistiowati (Universitas Tanjungpura, Jalan Hadari Nawawi, 78124, Pontianak, Indonesia Author-2-Name: Nurul Komari Author-2-Workplace-Name: Universitas Tanjungpura, Jalan Hadari Nawawi, 78124, Pontianak, Indonesia Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – This study aims to analyse the differences of entrepreneurial quality between Tionghoa entrepreneurs and Malay entrepreneurs. In this study, quality was measured by the need for achievement, locus of control, risk-taking behaviour, perseverance, independence, creativity, and knowledge. Methodology/Technique – The data in this research was collect using self-report questionnaires which were distributed to 60 Tionghoa respondents and 60 Malay respondents. The data then was then tested using a T-test. Findings – The T-test analysis shows that there are significant differences between Tionghoa entrepreneurs and Malay entrepreneurs. Novelty – This study investigates the differences in entrepreneurial quality between Malay and Tionghoa entrepreneurs in the province of West Kalimantan, Indonesia, whereas previous studies have focused on other countries. Type of Paper: Empirical. |
| Keywords: | Entrepreneurial Quality; Malay Ethnicity; Thionghoa Ethnicity; Need for Achievement; Locus of Control; Risk-taking; Perseverance; Independence; Creativity; Knowledge. |
| JEL: | M10 M19 |
| Date: | 2019–03–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jmmr202&r=all |
| By: | Genova, Christian; Umberger, Wendy; Newman, Suzie; Peralta, Alexandra; Zeng, Di |
| Abstract: | Child undernutrition, particularly stunting, wasting and micronutrient deficiencies, remains a major health concern in rural communities in Vietnam. While literature suggests leveraging agriculture to improve child nutrition via agricultural diversification, market engagement, and women empowerment, very few studies have explored how smallholder vegetable production can influence child nutrition outcomes. The present paper tries to fill this gap using a nutrition-centred approach that examines the impacts of vegetable production diversity, market access, and market participation at the household level. We use a cross-sectional household dataset that we collected in 2016 in Northwest Vietnam covering 234 children aged 6 to 60 months. We estimate several regression models using three-stage least squares (3SLS), ordinary least squares (OLS), logistic regression, and seemingly unrelated regression (SUR), in their most appropriate settings and in a comparative manner to explain variations in several nutrition outcome measures, including height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-height (WHZ), and weight-for-age (WAZ) Z-scores, as well as three other measures (stunting, wasting, and underweight). Our results suggest that smallholder vegetable production has a significant indirect effect on child nutrition via market participation. Market participation is an important factor in improving girls’ HAZ and WHZ, and in reducing the probabilities of boys being stunted and underweight. It is implied that additional income from selling vegetables allows households to purchase nutritious food, which is likely to have a positive impact on child nutrition outcomes. |
| Keywords: | Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety |
| Date: | 2019–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare19:285041&r=all |
| By: | Seuk Wai, Phoong (Faculty of Business and Accountancy, University of Malaya, Malaysia Author-2-Name: Seuk Yen, Phoong Author-2-Workplace-Name: Department of Mathematics, Faculty Science and Mathematics, Sultan Idris Education University, 35900 Tanjung Malim, Perak, Malaysia Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – The removal of fuel subsidies by the Malaysian government in 2014 has been implement with the managed float system for fuel prices. Methodology/Technique – This study investigates the impact of the managed floating system of crude oil prices on the Malaysian economy using ARDL approach by looking at macroeconomic variables such as inflation, economic growth and unemployment rates. Findings – The results show that all of the variables have short lived relationship with oil prices whereby inflation and economic growth are positively related to oil prices. However, unemployment rate has a negative relationship with the changes of WTI crude oil prices. Novelty – The major input in the economy of Malaysia contributes to a positive relationship between inflation and oil prices, whilst the contribution of Malaysia being an oil-producing country results in the positive relationship of economic growth and oil price. Likewise, as oil prices are high, the increase in demand results in increase in job opportunities. Lastly, the correlation test shows that inflation and economic growth have a high positive correlation while unemployment rate has a low negative correlation with oil price. Type of Paper: Empirical. |
| Keywords: | ARDL; Crude Oil Price; GDP; Inflation; Unemployment. |
| JEL: | E10 E30 E39 |
| Date: | 2019–03–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jber171&r=all |
| By: | Edi Wibowo (Faculty of Economics, Slamet Riyadi University, Surakarta - Indonesia Author-2-Name: Marjam Desma Rahadhini Author-2-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics, Slamet Riyadi Unversity, Surakarta - Indonesia Author-3-Name: Julina Author-3-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau - Indonesia Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – This aim of this research is to analyze the influence of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) dimensions on customer satisfaction and loyalty for cafés around Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS) Surakarta. Methodology/Technique – Convenience sampling method was used to collect the primary data. 140 respondents participated in this research and the data is analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling with AMOS software. Validity testing is conducted using CFA with a factor loading of > 0.05, whilst the reliability testing is conducted using a Cronbach alpha of > 0.07. Findings – The results of the hypothesis testing show that the influence of CRM on customer satisfaction is positive and significant with a CR value of 2.133 and a p-value of 0.033. In addition, CRM is also found to have an effect on customer loyalty with a CR value of 2.160 and a p-value of 0.031. The findings also demonstrate that the effect of customer satisfaction on loyalty is positive and significant with a CR value of 2.248 and a p-value of 0.025. The final conclusion in this study shows that CRM affects customer loyalty through customer satisfaction, with a value of 0.295. Novelty – this research departs from previous research and in its application to the restaurant industry, which has not been done before. Type of Paper: Empirical |
| Keywords: | Customer Relationship Management; Customer Satisfaction; Customer Loyalty. |
| JEL: | M30 M39 |
| Date: | 2019–03–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jmmr211&r=all |
| By: | Yana Hendayana (Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Universitas Widyatama, Bandung, Indonesia Author-2-Name: Suryana Author-2-Workplace-Name: Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – This research aims to test the effect of productivity and innovation toward competitiveness of batik SMEs in West Java. Methodology/Technique – The study uses Partial Least Square (PLS) for data analysis, as well as an explanatory method and simple random sampling. Findings – The results of the data testing show that competitiveness is effected by productivity and innovation by 71.7%. Novelty – The objective of this study is to analyse the gap in productivity and innovation and its effect on the competitiveness of batik SMEs in West Java Indonesia. Batik centre in West Java was developed by the government in collaboration with the private sector to increase the level of production of batik SMEs. In reality, there is a gap in productivity between written batik and stamped batik. Written batik design innovations and production methods need to be improved to compete and survive in the batik industry. Porter (1995:5) describes competition as the core of the success or failure of firms. Productivity of written batik has declined in the past 5 years. From recent BPS data, processed by the Pusdatin Ministry of Industry 2017, the industry has declined by around 10% per year between 2012 and 2017. Type of Paper: Empirical |
| Keywords: | Productivity; Innovation; Competitiveness; Batik; Small and Medium Enterprises. |
| JEL: | M10 M11 M19 |
| Date: | 2019–03–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jmmr204&r=all |
| By: | Nguyen, Huy Quynh |
| Abstract: | This paper studies whether land consolidation – reduction of land fragmentation – promotes or hinders the Vietnamese government’s policy objectives of encouraging agricultural mechanization and stimulation of the off-farm rural economy. It does this by viewing land consolidation as a form of technical change, making it possible to apply the insights developed in the economic literature on technical change. This treatment reveals that the impacts of land consolidation depend partly on its factor bias and partly on the degree to which labor is substitutable in production for other factors. At a theoretical level, if a technical change is factor neutral, it will reduce off-farm labor supply and slow rural structural transformation away from agriculture; if it is labor-augmenting and the elasticity of substitution between factors is low enough, the opposite effects are predicted. The paper studies these issues empirically for rice production in Vietnam, focusing on the impact that consolidation of rice land has on rice production, machinery use, and labor allocation. The findings confirm that land consolidation raises both farm productivity and farm income and stimulates increased machinery use. It also reduces farm labor supply, lowers labor intensity in farming, and thereby releases more farm labor to off-farm development, consistent with government policy objectives. Based on these findings, the paper concludes that land consolidation should be encouraged through development of land ownership rights and the promotion of land rental markets. |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries |
| Date: | 2019–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare19:285078&r=all |
| By: | Nadezhda V. Baryshnikova (School of Economics, University of Adelaide); Danusha Jayawardana (School of Economics, University of Adelaide) |
| Abstract: | The International Labour Organisation estimates that 152 million children are engaging in child labour globally which creates a need for evidence based policies and interventions to eliminate it. Particularly, there is limited evidence about the effect of in-kind transfers on child labour, impeding policy development. We address this evidence gap by examining the impacts of an unconditional in-kind transfer, a subsidised rice program, on child labour as well as schooling, using household survey data from Indonesia. To identify the causal effect we employ coarsened exact matching with difference-in-differences estimator. The results indicate that the program is effective in increasing the probability of schooling for girls though it does not have a significant impact on the probability of working as a child. However, as an unconditional in-kind transfer, its ability to increase schooling for girls, especially of those who are not currently attending school, provides an important policy implication on how a food subsidy program can indirectly influence child wellbeing. |
| Keywords: | Domestic Child labour; Schooling; Food subsidy; Raskin; Indonesia; Coarsened exact matching |
| JEL: | J82 I21 I38 |
| Date: | 2019–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:adl:wpaper:2019-01&r=all |
| By: | Lis Sintha (Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jl. Mayjen Soetoyo no.2, Cawang, Jakarta (13630), Indonesia Author-2-Name: Author-2-Workplace-Name: Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of capital on bankruptcy banks. The hypothesis of this research is that capital has an effect on the bankruptcy of a bank. Methodology/Technique – This research examines financial reports between 2005-2014. An econometric model with a logistical regression analysis technique is used. In this study, capital is measured by CAR, taking into account credit risk; CAR by taking into account market risk; Ratio of Obligation to Provide Minimum Capital for Credit Risk and Operational Risk; Ratio of Minimum Capital Adequacy Ratio for Credit Risk, Operational Risk and Market Risk; Capital Adequacy Requirements (CAR). Findings – The results show that the capital adequacy ratio for market ratio and capital adequacy ratio for credit ratio and operational ratio support the research hypothesis and can form a logit model. The test results of CAR by taking into account credit risk, Minimum Capital Requirement Ratio for Credit Risk, Operational Risk and Market Risk and Minimum Capital Provision Obligations do not support the research hypothesis. Novelty – This paper contribute to bank bankruptcy prediction models based on time dimension and bank groups using financial ratios which are expected can influence bank in bankrupt condition. Type of Paper: Empirical. |
| Keywords: | Banking crisis, Cost of bankruptcy, Adequacy Ratio, Financial ratios, Prediction models |
| JEL: | G32 G33 G39 |
| Date: | 2019–03–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jfbr152&r=all |
| By: | Yulius Kurnia Susanto (Trisakti School of Management, Indonesia Author-2-Name: Arya Pradipta Author-2-Workplace-Name: Trisakti School of Management, Jl. Kyai Tapa No. 20, 11440, Jakarta, Indonesia Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – Income smoothing is a form of earnings manipulation to show that the company's performance is good. Income smoothing can be detrimental to investors, because investors do not know the real financial position and fluctuations of the company. Management of the company engage in income smoothing because investors tend to focus only on the amount of profit reported without regard to the process of generating profits. The purpose of this research is to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of firm value and size on income smoothing. Methodology/Technique – The sample of the research includes manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2014-2016. The samples were determined using a purposive sampling method and there are 51 companies that meet the criteria used. This research uses a logistic regression method for data analysis. Findings – The results of the research show that the effect of firm value on income smoothing is positive and significant. Meanwhile, the effect of firm size on income smoothing is negative and significant. Companies that create value in the eyes of investors will try to retain their investors by engaging in income smoothing. Income smoothing will convince investors to invest in the company. Meanwhile, large companies that are convinced that investors will continue to invest do not typically engage in income smoothing. Novelty –This study proves that, in the context of agency theory, the principal's desires are not often aligned with the wishes of management which can give rise to agency costs, one of which occurs as a result of income smoothing. Further, firm size can minimize opportunist income smoothing actions. Type of Paper: Empirical. |
| JEL: | G32 M41 M49 |
| Date: | 2019–03–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jfbr151&r=all |
| By: | Husaini (Faculty of Economics and Business, Bengkulu University, 38371, Bengkulu, Indonesia Author-2-Name: Saiful Author-2-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Business, Bengkulu University, 38371, Bengkulu, Indonesia Author-3-Name: Fitrawati Ilyas Author-3-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Business, Bengkulu University, 38371, Bengkulu, Indonesia Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – This study aims to examine the relationship between audit committee effectiveness on Audit Report Lag (ARL), and the moderating effect of audit quality on the relationship between audit committee effectiveness and ARL. Methodology/Technique – 109 non-financial Indonesian listed companies are examined from 2012 to 2016. The data is analysed using multivariate regression analysis. Findings – The results show that audit committee effectiveness negatively affects ARL. This indicates that an effective audit committee can accelerate the delivery of audit reports. The results on the interaction between audit committee effectiveness and audit quality also negatively affects ARL. These results indicate that audit quality strengthens the influence of audit committees on the timeliness of financial reporting by reducing audit report lag. Novelty – The results show that there is a relationship of substitution between audit committee effectiveness and audit quality (Big-4) on ARL. The results of this study are consistent with agency theory which states that the implementation of corporate governance, such as an effective audit committee and audit quality, can improve the quality of financial reports. Type of Paper: Empirical. |
| Keywords: | Audit Committee Effectiveness; Audit Quality; Audit Report Lag; Agency Theory. |
| JEL: | M42 M41 |
| Date: | 2019–03–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:afr171&r=all |
| By: | Siti Sara Binti Ibrahim (Business Management Faculty, Universiti Teknoloogi MARA, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia Author-2-Name: Abd Halim Mohd Noor Author-2-Workplace-Name: Business Management Faculty, Universiti Teknoloogi MARA, Melaka, Malaysia Author-3-Name: Shafinar Ismail Author-3-Workplace-Name: Business Management Faculty, Universiti Teknoloogi MARA, Melaka, Malaysia Author-4-Name: Roshayani Arshad Author-4-Workplace-Name: Accounting Research Institute, Universiti Teknoloogi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia Author-5-Name: Mohd Ali Muhamad Don Author-5-Workplace-Name: Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, Universiti Teknoloogi MARA, Johor, Malaysia Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs) are founded upon principles of encouraging economic wellbeing for the betterment of society. Despite this, fresh measures are required to ascertain the sustainability of IFIs due to the deterioration recorded in annual rate growth levels that has slumped to 8.2% in 2016, compared to 24.2% in 2011. Similarly, waqf, which aims to contribute to socio-economic growth, appears to underperform due to inefficient management and lack of resources from State Islamic Religious Councils (SIRCs) in Malaysia. Therefore, growing attention is given to adding value to related operations so as to continuously expand without undermining their obligation towards societal welfare. Methodology/Technique – In responding to this issue, Value-Based Intermediation (VBI) through a cross-sector collaboration strategy has been proposed in this paper to streamline the investments of IFIs in executing their business responsibilities in a strategic manner, especially to generate sustainable socio-economic growth through waqf development projects. Nonetheless, in order to strategically perform in project collaboration for sustainability, strong commitment from IFIs and SIRCs is needed. Findings – A significantly positive relationship was discovered between the independent variables (affective commitment, normative commitment, and continuous commitment) and organisational sustainability. Novelty – The paper concludes with an assumption of the readiness of both organisations in effectively developing waqf projects, along with several recommendations for future studies in further contributing to the success of waqf development which will contribute to organisational sustainability. Type of Paper: Empirical. |
| Keywords: | Islamic Financial Institutions; State Islamic Religious Councils; Strategic Collaboration; Sustainability; Value Based Intermediation. |
| JEL: | G20 G21 G29 |
| Date: | 2019–03–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jfbr154&r=all |
| By: | Tjiptogoro Dinarjo Soehari (Lecturer of Mercu Buana University, Jakarta – Indonesia Author-2-Name: Rina Uswatun Hasanah Author-2-Workplace-Name: Post Graduate Alumni of Mercu Buana University Author-3-Name: dan M. Havidz Aima Author-3-Workplace-Name: Lecturer of Mercu Buana University, Jakarta – Indonesia Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – The instability of employee performance in the last three years requires a solution to strengthen employee performance. This study aims to develop a model for strengthening employee performance. Methodology/Technique – This study uses quantitative exploratory techniques with SPSS software, with the following independent variable: Employee Performance (Y), and dependent variables: Organizational Change (X1), Organizational Culture (X2), and Achievement Motivation (X3). The case study is conducted in the Jakarta Islamic Centre, which has a population of 46 people. Findings – The regression Results (1) of the regression equation are Y = 0.099 + 0.148X1 + 0.037 X2 + 0.797X3; RSq = 0.737: F calculated 35.435 with Sig = 0,000. The findings show that employee achievement motivation is a factor that determines high employee performance, organizational changes and organizational culture have no significant effect but when taken together with motivation, have a significant influence on employee performance. Novelty – If there is no policy or implementation of organizational change, organizational culture, and motivation to support employee performance, then employee performance will be low, around 0.099 on scale 1-5. Type of Paper: Empirical. |
| Keywords: | Organizational Change; Organizational Culture; Motivation; Employee Performance. |
| JEL: | M10 M14 M19 |
| Date: | 2019–03–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jmmr207&r=all |
| By: | van der Eng, Pierre |
| Abstract: | This paper seeks to overcome the fact that historical estimates of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for Indonesia are currently only available in constant prices. Using the expenditure approach it offers new estimates of Gross Domestic Expenditure (GDE), the equivalent of GDP, in current prices. The paper anchors the estimates on Indonesia’s Input-Output (I-O) Tables available for benchmark years between 1969 and 2010, which reveal that until 1995 Indonesia’s official national accounts underestimated GDP and GDE. The paper combines corrections based on the I-O Tables with additional sources to present provisional new estimates of GDE in current prices for 1870-1941 and 1948-1995. It then analyses the composition of GDE, noting the generally modest proportions of discretionary public expenditure and capital formation, particularly during 1870-1913 and 1948-1966. |
| Keywords: | GDP, Indonesia, expenditure, economic growth |
| JEL: | E01 N15 O47 |
| Date: | 2019–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hit:hitcei:2018-19&r=all |
| By: | Sarwosri, Arieska |
| Abstract: | Even though oil palm is not a native cash crop in Indonesia, the cultivation of oil palm is rapidly developed by smallholder farmers. This study examines if the adoption of oil palm is reasoned in underlying economic preferences. We utilized an incentivized field experiment to elicit smallholders’ risk attitude and discount rate and estimated both preferences jointly. The field experiments included 636 smallholders from Sumatra Island, Indonesia. We compared the risk attitude and discount rate of the oil palm adopters to non-adopters, i.e., rubber smallholders which is the main alternative cash crop of oil palm. We found that adopters are more risk-averse compared to non-adopters. Furthermore, the finding also confirms that risk-averse farmers diversify cultivated crops to mitigate income risks from agriculture. However, we do not find statistically significant differences in the discount rates between the two groups. |
| Keywords: | Risk and Uncertainty |
| Date: | 2019–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare19:285091&r=all |
| By: | Vanessa M. Oddo; Jee H. Rah; Richard D. Semba; Kai Sun; Nasima Akhter; Mayang Sari; Saskia de Pee; Regina Moench-Pfanner; Martin Bloem; Klaus Kraemer |
| Abstract: | This article identifies maternal, child, and household characteristics in rural Indonesia and Bangladesh associated with maternal and child double burden of malnutrition, the coexistence of a stunted child and an overweight mother within the same household. |
| Keywords: | Malnutrition , Indonesia , Bangladesh , Obesity |
| JEL: | F Z |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mpr:mprres:b5458d06d27e4079bf5d955b346ca657&r=all |
| By: | Alice Evans (Center for International Development at Harvard University) |
| Abstract: | This paper shows that countries may reduce labour repression if they perceive this as conducive to export growth. This paper traces what happened before, in the presence of, and then following the withdrawal of international economic incentives for pro-labour reforms in Vietnam and Bangladesh. The Government of Vietnam announced it would allow independent trade unions, in order to join the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) and increase market access. Similarly, the Government of Bangladesh rescinded restrictions on unions, following global condemnation of Rana Plaza and fear of buyers leaving en masse. Both governments reduced labour repression to promote export growth. With high-level authorisation, Vietnamese and Bangladeshi activists and reformists became less fearful, and mobilised for substantive change. However, these economic incentives were short-lived: after Trump’s election, the USA withdrew from TPP; buyers continued to source from Bangladesh, and squeezed prices (without requiring labour reforms). Both governments then amped up labour repression - notwithstanding private regulation, economic upgrading, industry growth, and mass strikes. |
| Keywords: | Labor Markets |
| Date: | 2019–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cid:wpfacu:349&r=all |
| By: | Erika Jimena Arilyn (Trisakti School of Management, Jakarta - Indonesia Author-2-Name: Beny Author-2-Workplace-Name: Trisakti School of Management, Jakarta - Indonesia Author-3-Name: Emir Kharismar Author-3-Workplace-Name: Trisakti School of Management, Jakarta - Indonesia Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – This research is conducted in order to determine what factors in corporate governance affect the financial performance of a firm. Methodology/Technique – Financial performance, as the dependent variable, is measured by Return on Asset (ROA), while the independent variables (corporate governance) are measured using Board Independence, Board Size, Dividend, Firm Size, and Financial Leverage. The sampling method used in this research is purposive sampling. The requirements for the sample of this research are the non – financial firms included in LQ-45 from 2012 to 2017 that publish annual reports that are available to the public. The research method used in this paper is a quantitative method. Panel data analysis technique and E-views tools were also used. Findings – The results indicate that firm size and percentage of board independence has no effect on financial performance, while board size, dividends, and financial leverage all effect financial performance. Novelty – The study adds to the literature of corporate government and firm performance in emerging countries. Type of Paper: Empirical. |
| Keywords: | Board Independence; Board Size; Dividends; Firm Size; Financial Leverage; Financial Performance. |
| JEL: | M40 M48 M49 |
| Date: | 2019–03–22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:afr170&r=all |
| By: | Satria, Dias; Mayasari, Dewi |
| Abstract: | The pattern of food consumption can be used as an indicator in looking at the level of community welfare and regional typology is an important determinant that helped determine the pattern of household food consumption, because the consumption patterns associated with behavior that cannot be separated from the socioeconomic cultural and environmental conditions. This study aims to (1) analyze the impact of socio-economic conditions on household food consumption patterns in urban and rural areas and (2) to estimate the elasticities of urban and rural food consumption in East Java in response to changes in prices and income. The micro household data from Susenas 2016 is used to answer the objective by using the demand system model of Linear Approximation Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS). The results showed that the socioeconomic condition generally influenced in determining the pattern of household food consumption, where the pattern of food consumption in urban areas tended to prioritize food consumption with better nutritional value than rural areas. While based on the value of elasticities, food commodities in East Java are still a necessity, households in rural areas are generally more responsive to both price changes and income changes than urban households. |
| Keywords: | Community/Rural/Urban Development |
| Date: | 2019–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare19:285085&r=all |
| By: | Vo, D.H.; Pham, B.V.-N.; Pham, T.V.-T.; McAleer, M.J. |
| Abstract: | Any critical analysis of the corporate financial distress of listed firms in international exchange would be incomplete without a serious dissection at the industry level because of the different levels of risks concerned. This paper considers the financial distress of listed firms at the industry level in Vietnam over the last decade. Two periods are considered, namely during the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) (2007 - 2009) and post-GFC (2010 - 2017). The logit regression technique is used to estimate alternative models based on accounting and market factors. The paper also extends the analysis to include selected macroeconomic factors that are expected to affect the corporate financial distress of listed firms at the industry level in Vietnam. The empirical findings confirm that the corporate financial distress prediction model, which includes accounting factors with macroeconomic indicators, performs much better than alternative models. In addition, the evidence confirms that the GFC had a damaging impact on each sector, with the Health & Education sector demonstrating the most impressive recovery post-GFC, and the Utilities sector recording a dramatic increase in bankruptcies post-GFC |
| Keywords: | Listed firms, industry level, corporate financial distress, bankruptcy, distance to default, fundamentals, Global Financial Crisis, Vietnam |
| JEL: | G01 G31 G33 G34 |
| Date: | 2019–03–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ems:eureir:115613&r=all |
| By: | Putu Mahardika Adi Saputra (Department of Economics, University of Brawijaya, Indonesia. Author-2-Name: Author-2-Workplace-Name: Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – This paper studies the influence of some determinants of trade balance for Southeast Asia countries in dynamics perspective before the global financial crisis of 2008. Methodology/Technique – Based on quarterly data (1980q1 to 2007q3), the investigation is carried out using VECM. Findings – The results show that in the long run: (i) income effect is found to be dominant in determining the change in trade balance; (ii) the cash balance effect does influence bilateral trade; (iii) bilateral trade is affected by exchange rate movements. Further, the effect of small economies are suspected to be present in Southeast Asia region. Meanwhile, in the short run: (i) the cash balance effect plays a major role in influencing trade balance improvement; (ii) compared to the cash balance effect, the income effect is present with slightly less contribution; (iii) the exchange rate effect is observed in the analysis, while a J-curve phenomenon exists in minor cases. Novelty – This paper concludes that in the long term, income effect is found to be dominant in determining the change in trade balance. Type of Paper: Empirical |
| JEL: | C33 F14 O14 |
| Date: | 2019–03–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jber170&r=all |
| By: | Vo, D.H.; Nguyen, H.M.; Vo, A.T.; McAleer, M.J. |
| Abstract: | The paper investigates the role of consumption of both renewable and sustainable energy, as well as alternative and nuclear energy, in mitigating the effects of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, based on the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). The papers introduces a novel variable to capture trade openness, which appears to be a crucial factor in inter-regional co-operation and development, in order to evaluate its effect on the environment, The empirical analysis is based on a sample of nine signatories to the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) for the period 1971-2014, which is based on data availability. The empirical analysis is based on several time series econometric methods, such as the cointegration test, two long run estimators, namely the fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) methods, as well as the Granger causality test. There are several noteworthy empirical findings: it is possible to confirm the U-shaped EKC hypothesis for six countries, namely Australia, Canada, Chile, New Zealand, Peru and Vietnam; there is no evidence of the EKC for Mexico; a reverse-shaped EKC is observed for Japan and Malaysia, there are long run relationships among the variables, the adoption of either renewable energy, or alternative energy and nuclear energy, mitigates CO2 emissions, trade openness leads to more beneficial than harmful impacts in the long run, the Granger causality tests show more bi-directional-relationships between the variables in the long run, and the Granger causality tests show more uni-directional-relationships between the variables in the short run. |
| Keywords: | Renewable and sustainable energy, alternative energy, nuclear energy, carbon, emissions, CPTPP, EKC hypothesis, DOLS, FMOLS, Granger causality, VECM |
| JEL: | C12 C52 Q42 Q43 |
| Date: | 2019–03–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ems:eureir:115609&r=all |
| By: | Diskul, M.L. Dispanadda; Ninnad, Ramrada; Skinner, Andrea; Rajatanarvin, Visit-orn |
| Abstract: | In the 1960s, Thailand was the biggest opium producing country in the world. This article presents Thailand’s evolving strategy in solving the problem of illicit poppy cultivation through poverty alleviation and long-term national development. It argues that the root causes of drug crop cultivation and proliferation are poverty, insecurity, and the lack of livelihood opportuni- ties for marginalized communities. Thus, the problem is more a ‘development problem’ rather than a ‘drug problem,’ requiring the addressing of multi-dimensional human development facets in response to the geo-socio-economic conditions of the area. The “Thai approach” is focused on improving the overall well-being of communities, before rule of law can be strengthened, and is very importantly part of long-term broader national development plans. A brief close-up is provided of an example of Thailand’s long-term development project, the Doi Tung Develop- ment Project, to explain more concretely how Thailand’s approach to solve drug crop production translated into practice. Some of these lessons learned from Thailand can and have been shared with the international community in shaping attitudes and policies to drugs and development that are more people-centered, balanced, and sustainable. |
| Keywords: | Thailand; counter-narcotic; alternative development; livelihood development; sustainable development goals |
| JEL: | N0 |
| Date: | 2019–01–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:100345&r=all |
| By: | Mutiara, Vonny Indah; Utami, Ami Sukma; Hariance, Rika |
| Abstract: | Climate change and natural disaster has both direct and indirect effects on agricultural productivity including changing rainfall patterns, drought, flooding and the geographical redistribution of pests and diseases and importantly, the agricultural land use changes to no Agricultural land. Global land system changes are occurring at an unprecedented pace and have major implications for the environment and human well-being. These impact also occurs in West Sumatera, Indonesia. Climate change has impact to agricultural activities such as drought and harvest failure thus posing a risk for farmer. While the natural disaster such earthquake in 2009 resulted the movement of people from coastal area to upland area whereas the agricultural land exist. So that this study aims to analysis the land system resilience of farmer in West Sumatera. This study using a desk study method. The result of the study shows that the matrilineal system in Minangkabau tribe is forcing the farmer to preserve their agricultural land. Most natural resource property, and especially the irrigated rice fields, was inherited property of matrilineages. These Minangkabau people-property complexes were characterized by differentiated mixes of rights held and inherited by individuals or groups within the matrilineage. The property that the ancestors of the lineage members created through their cultivation of the jungle, which descends and is to be shared in continuity through the generations of all lineage members who can trace their matrilineal descent from these ancestors. In other word this property cannot be sold. We study three different location are with different agricultural plant. The first location is Padang City, where most of the farmer cultivate rice. The result shows that the farmers preserve their land because of their land ownership is communal land that belong to tribes in Padang. The same result was founded in Agam District, where the horticultural farmers preserve their land because the land is a high heritage. Surprisingly, in the third location, in West Pasaman, we found different result. The Palm oil farmers have sold their high inheritance land and the land has been certified so that it is no longer belong to communal. It is because oil palm have high economic value rather than the other agricultural products. |
| Keywords: | Land Economics/Use |
| Date: | 2019–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare19:285082&r=all |
| By: | Samuel Bazzi; Arya Gaduh; Alexander D. Rothenberg; Maisy Wong |
| Abstract: | We use a population resettlement program in Indonesia to identify long-run effects of intergroup contact on national integration. In the 1980s, the government relocated two million ethnically diverse migrants into hundreds of new communities. We find greater integration in fractionalized communities with many small groups, as measured by national language use at home, intermarriage, and children's name choices. However, in polarized communities with a few large groups, ethnic attachment increases and integration declines. Residential segregation dampens these effects. Social capital, public goods, and ethnic conflict follow similar patterns. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of localized contact in shaping identity. |
| JEL: | D02 D71 J15 O15 R23 |
| Date: | 2019–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:25683&r=all |
| By: | Zein Muttaqin (Department of Economics, Kulliyah of Economic and Management Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia. Author-2-Name: Author-2-Workplace-Name: Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – The objective of this paper is to unfold the nature of excessive behavior in the Islamic economics framework. Methodology/Technique – This is a library research based on the various studies that specifically discuss excessive behavior and Islamic consumer behavior. The study uses a rating system to identify the relevance of content to the study and analyze content analysis. Findings – The nature of excessive behavior is condemned by Islam and is fully agreed upon by Muslim scholars. The extent of excessive behavior is not limited to certain levels of consumption. The Muslim consumer may unaware of doing the practice under the influence of a particular setting, where the pleasure of the practice is felt temporarily. Novelty – This study clarifies the terminology and nature of excessive behavior, which is unclear in previous studies conducted by Muslim scholars. Type of Paper: Review |
| Keywords: | Excessive Behavior; Islamic Economics; Consumer Behavior; Miscellaneous. |
| JEL: | A13 D01 P40 Y80 |
| Date: | 2019–03–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jber169&r=all |
| By: | Friska Firnanti (Accounting, Trisakti School of Management, Indonesia Author-2-Name: Author-2-Workplace-Name: Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – This research aims to obtain the empirical evidence on the influence of dividend policy, income tax, firm size, profitability, and leverage on income smoothing. Methodology/Technique – In this research, income smoothing is proxied with the Eckel index and logistic regression is used to test the hypothesis. The research population consists of non-financial companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2016. The sampling method used in this research is purposive sampling. The number of companies selected is 79 with 316 data. Findings – The results show that dividend policy, income tax, profitability, and leverage all have an influence on income smoothing. Meanwhile, firm size has no significant influence on income smoothing. Novelty – These findings are consistent with a firm's dividend policy and income tax having an incremental impact on income smoothing behavior. Type of Paper: Empirical. |
| Keywords: | Income Smoothing; Dividend Policy; Income Tax; Firm Size; Profitability; Leverage. |
| JEL: | M40 M41 M49 |
| Date: | 2019–03–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:afr169&r=all |
| By: | Silvy Christina (Trisakti School of Management, Kyai tapa No. 20, 11440, Jakarta, Indonesia Author-2-Name: Author-2-Workplace-Name: Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – This research aims to empirically examine the effect of tax planning on firm value. The population of this research consists of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2014 to 2016. Methodology/Technique – This research uses 3 recent years and uses variables not used in previous research. The 43 respondents were chosen using purposive sampling. The hypotheses were tested using multiple regressions with Eviews program to determine the relationship between each independent variable to firm value. Findings – The empirical results show that tax planning that is measured by the cash effective tax rate has a negative effect on firm value, while tax planning measured by effective cash rate and tax savings has no effect on firm value. Novelty – The study recommends the need for firms to institute more robust tax planning practices that will help reduce their effective tax liabilities and therefore improve their overall value. Firms that engage in better tax planning practices are likely to get higher firm value. Type of Paper: Empirical. |
| Keywords: | Firm Performance; Tax Planning; Effective Tax Rate; Cash Effective Tax Rate; Tax Saving. |
| JEL: | M40 M42 M49 |
| Date: | 2019–03–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:afr167&r=all |
| By: | Ni Putu Nursiani (Faculty of Economics and Business, Nusa Cendana University Author-2-Name: Rolland Epafras Fanggidae Author-2-Workplace-Name: Villa College, 20373, Male,' Maldives Author-3-Name: Ronald P.C Fanggidae Author-3-Workplace-Name: Nusa Cendana University, Adisucipto, 85228, Kupang, Indonesia Author-4-Name: Samuel Messakh Author-4-Workplace-Name: Nusa Cendana University, Adisucipto, 85228, Kupang, Indonesia Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – Cultural change in the economy has given rise to what might be called 'spiritual entrepreneurship'. The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between entrepreneurship and spirituality, even though these two terms are somewhat contradictory. Methodology/Technique – The sample in this study consists of 63 members of the Full Gospel Business Fellowship International (FGBMFI) which is a membership consisting of male businessmen who come from various churches with different business backgrounds. The method used in this study is descriptive analysis. The data was collected using a questionnaire that led to the excavation of information based on previous theoretical studies. The informant selection technique used in this research is accidental. Findings – The results of this study support the findings of previous research in the field of "Spirituality Workplace" and introduces a new model in the field of entrepreneurship. Novelty – Spirituality is a process of human reason in which individual's aim to reach and understand God. On the other hand, entrepreneurs are people who have the courage to take risks to create a business. Hence, in this study, spiritual entrepreneurs refers to people who run their business in line with the values of ethics and religion. Those entrepreneurs interpret their work as worship, honesty and gratitude in addition to usual entrepreneurial behavior (innovation, proactive, competitive aggressiveness, risk taking, autonomy). |
| Keywords: | Entrepreneurship; Spirituality; Spiritual Entrepreneurs |
| JEL: | M30 M39 |
| Date: | 2019–03–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jmmr209&r=all |
| By: | Chaudhary, Bijay; Morales, L. Emilio; Villano, Renato |
| Abstract: | Increasing attention has been given to raising commodity prices due to its negative effects on poverty and undernutrition. An example of this problem are the growing rice prices in Philippines, which are causing high living expenses to the population across the country. To assess the competitiveness of agro-food chains, price transmission has been used as an indicator of market integration. Using monthly data for the period 2000 to 2016, this study tests vertical price transmission between wholesale and retail prices and dynamic relationship between them in five local markets in Philippines. Results demonstrate that retail prices are granger caused by wholesale prices in all local markets. An autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model confirms that asymmetry in rice price transmission between wholesale and retail levels in Metro Manila and Davao. In addition, the ARDL model also confirms retail rice prices in all markets studied in Philippines depend on previous retail prices, contemporaneous wholesale prices and wholesale prices lagged one and two periods, depending on the location. Impulse Response Functions (IRFs) show the retail price response initiates almost immediately or at most one month later after shock, i.e. negative and positive change, on wholesale price, and the duration of full price adjustments tend to be considerably longer in all five local markets in Philippines. |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries |
| Date: | 2019–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare19:285092&r=all |
| By: | Vo, D.H.; Tran, N.P.; Duong, T.N.-T.; McAleer, M.J. |
| Abstract: | The purpose of the paper is to estimate market risk for the ten major industries in Vietnam. The focus is on the Energy sector, which has been designated as one of the four key industries, together with Services, Food, and Telecommunications, targeted for economic development by the Vietnam Government through to 2020. Oil and Gas is a separate energy-related major industry. The data set is from 2009 to 2017, which is decomposed into two distinct sub-periods after the Global Financial Crisis (GFC), namely the immediate post-GFC (2009-2011) period and the normal (2012-2017) period, in order to identify the behaviour of market risk for Vietnam major industries. Two widely-used approaches to measure and analyze risk are used in the empirical analysis, namely Value-at-Risk (VaR) and Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR). The empirical findings indicate that Energy and Pharmaceuticals are the least risky industries, whereas Oil and Gas and Securities have the greatest risk. In general, there is strong empirical evidence that the four key industries display relatively low risk. For public policy, the Vietnam Government’s pro-active emphasis on the targeted industries, including Energy, to achieve sustainable economic growth and national economic development, seems to be working effectively |
| Keywords: | Market risk, Energy, Industries, Value-at-Risk, Conditional Value-at-Risk, Sustainable growth, Economic development, Vietnam |
| JEL: | C10 G10 E32 |
| Date: | 2019–03–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ems:eureir:115616&r=all |
| By: | Sri Mulyantini (Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Jl RS Fatmawati, 12450, Jakarta, Indonesia Author-2-Name: Author-2-Workplace-Name: Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – The purpose of this study is to analyze profit persistence and the factors that influence it using secondary data from 39 banks listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in the form of pooled data, from 2008 to 2014. Methodology/Technique – This study uses a purposive sampling technique, resulting in a sample of 31 banks. Variable profit persistence of each bank reflects sustainable earnings towards the industry in the future. The model determinant factors of persistence profit were analyzed by normalization models as reference models, average models and growth models as exploration models. Findings – As a result, the persistence profit of banks listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange tends to vary. Some banks have positive profit persistence (lambda) that reflects a competitive advantage in the long run. Other banks have a negative profit persistence, which reflects long-term competitive weakness. Novelty – The ability to access capital and funding has a significant effect on profit persistence, although the direction of its influence is negative. Other variables, namely the capability to access public funds, the ability to innovate and industrial factors, namely credit market share, have a significant effect on persistent profits, while the ability to maintain asset quality and efficiency has no significant effect on profit persistence in banks listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. Type of Paper: Empirical |
| Keywords: | Financial capability, Innovation, profit persistence |
| JEL: | G24 G32 G39 |
| Date: | 2019–03–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jfbr153&r=all |
| By: | Bassino, Jean-Pascal; van der Eng, Pierre |
| Abstract: | This paper asks whether better integration of rice markets in Japan during the 19th and 20th centuries compared to China and India explains the ‘Little Divergence’ in Asia and Japan’s role in the ‘Great Divergence’. It analyses rice prices for 13 markets across Japan during 1720-1857 and finds that Japan had relatively well-integrated rice markets, particularly western Japan. In eastern Japan market integration was partially impeded by distance to Osaka, which was the core market, and the greater ecological vulnerability of rice in northeast Japan to lower temperatures during the ‘little ice age’ that lasted until the mid-19th century. Relatively well-integrated markets did not prevent major famines during 1732-1733, 1783-1786, and 1833-1838, because stocks and supplies were insufficient to withstand the consequences of sequences of crop failures. Better integration of rice markets is indicative of higher allocative efficiency of markets in Japan which is a likely reason that ‘shrinking’ episodes caused fewer setbacks in long-term economic growth compared to in China and India. |
| Keywords: | Great Divergence, Famine, market integration, Tokugawa Japan, VAR, ECM |
| JEL: | I39 N15 N35 N45 N75 N95 |
| Date: | 2019–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hit:hitcei:2018-18&r=all |
| By: | Kok Ban Teoh (School of Management, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia Author-2-Name: Daisy Mui Hung Kee Author-2-Workplace-Name: School of Management, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – In recent years, the prevalence of job burnout among Malaysian research universities (RU) academics has accelerated due to the demands of teaching, in addition to administrative work, consultation, research, and publications. Methodology/Technique – This study reviews literature relating to burnout, and the use of Psychosocial Safety Climate (PSC) to create a better working environment by managing demands and providing a high level of resources to deal with demands or tasks at work. This study presents a better job design by PSC through challenge and hindrance demands which may decrease the level of burnout among RU academicians. Therefore, this paper suggests that challenges and hindrance demands are a potential mediator of the relationship between PSC and burnout. Findings – This study concludes that PSC can be used to minimize burnout among academics by providing references for an excellent job design, enhancing job demands whilst diminishing hinderance demands. Novelty – RU management or policy-makers may apply PSC in their design of the role of academics within their institution, so that the related work policies, practices, and procedures are enhanced. This method is crucial to ensure that the challenge and hindrance demands of academicians are properly managed to reduce their risk of burnout. |
| Keywords: | Academics; Burnout; Challenge Demands; Hindrance Demands; Psychosocial Safety Climate; Research Universities. |
| JEL: | M10 M12 M19 |
| Date: | 2019–03–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jmmr214&r=all |
| By: | Yip Foon Yee (Inti International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Putra Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia Author-2-Name: Author-2-Workplace-Name: Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – The aim of this study is to examine the joint relationship between the Big Five personality and transfer climate on transfer of training. Drawing on trait activation theory, this study examines how the relationship between Big Five personality and transfer of training is moderated by supervisor support and opportunity to perform. Methodology/Technique – The sample of this study consists of 183 police officers who have attended driver training in one of the police training centres in Malaysia. Three sets of questionnaires comprising of the Big Five inventory, driving knowledge test, driving competency, and transfer climate were distributed to the respondents pre-training, posttraining, and after two months of training. The data was analysed using statistic package for social science (SPSS) Version 19.0 and SmartPLS 3.0. Findings – A high level of agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness to experience were found to encourage increased transfer of training. Opportunity to perform moderated the relationship between agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience and transfer of training which is congruent with the trait activation theory. Novelty – The findings of this research emphasise the importance of the joint relationship between personality and situational factors on transfer of training. These findings allow the researcher to understand how opportunity to perform enables trainees to express their personality and enhance their performance. |
| Keywords: | Big Five Personality; Transfer of Training; Supervisor Support; Opportunity to Perform; Trait Activation Theory. |
| JEL: | M12 M19 |
| Date: | 2019–03–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jmmr212&r=all |
| By: | Smith, Michael; Wimalasuriya, Rukman; Gunasekera; Voak, Adam |
| Keywords: | Public Economics |
| Date: | 2019–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare19:285090&r=all |
| By: | Nguyen, H.M.; Bui, N.H.; Vo, D.H.; McAleer, M.J. |
| Abstract: | The importance of non-renewable, renewable and sustainable energy sources and energy consumption in the economic development strategy of a country is undeniable. The purpose of the paper is to investigate the impacts of energy consumption on the economic growth of Vietnam during the 1980-2014 period. By applying the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model of Pesaran et al. (2001), and the Granger causality test of Toda and Yamamoto (1995), the empirical results provide evidence that electricity consumption has positive impacts on Vietnam’s economic growth in both the short run and long run. For public policy prescriptions, the empirical evidence suggests that an exploration of new sources of renewable and sustainable energy is essential for long run economic development |
| Keywords: | Energy consumption, renewable and sustainable energy, economic growth, economic development, ARDL, Granger causality |
| JEL: | F43 O13 O47 Q42 Q43 |
| Date: | 2019–03–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ems:eureir:115606&r=all |
| By: | Masaaki Fujii (Quantitative Finance Course, Graduate School of Economics, The University of Tokyo); Akihiko Takahashi (Quantitative Finance Course, Graduate School of Economics, The University of Tokyo); Masayuki Takahashi (Quantitative Finance Course, Graduate School of Economics, The University of Tokyo) |
| Abstract: | We demonstrate that the use of asymptotic expansion as prior knowledge in the "deep BSDE solver", which is a deep learning method for high dimensional BSDEs proposed by Weinan E, Han & Jentzen (2017), drastically reduces the loss function and accelerates the speed of convergence. We illustrate the technique and its implications by using Bergman's model with different lending and borrowing rates as a typical model for FVA as well as a class of solvable BSDEs with quadratic growth drivers. We also present an extension of the deep BSDE solver for reflected BSDEs representing American option prices. |
| Date: | 2019–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cfi:fseres:cf456&r=all |
| By: | Dike, Onyemaechi |
| Abstract: | Workplace safety is a topical issue in public policy debates in industrializing countries like Cambodia where high economic growth rates have yet to translate into higher job quality. This paper studies the relationship between informal employment and occupational health using the 2012 Cambodia Labour Force Survey. I estimate probit models and find that informal employment on its own is associated with a significant increase in the probability of work injury/illness. However in the most complete specification with controls for personal, job and firm characteristics, the effect of informal employment turns out to be small in magnitide and statistically insignificant. I discuss possible explanations for this finding. Results from this analysis suggest that in a context of weak administrative capacity for the enforcement of labour regulations, as is the case in Cambodia, work health risks are a concern across the board, not just in the informal sector. |
| Keywords: | Informal employment, injury risk, working conditions |
| JEL: | J28 J3 J4 |
| Date: | 2019–03–24 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:92943&r=all |
| By: | Antoine Jacquier; Emma R. Malone; Mugad Oumgari |
| Abstract: | We introduce a stacking version of the Monte Carlo algorithm in the context of option pricing. Introduced recently for aeronautic computations, this simple technique, in the spirit of current machine learning ideas, learns control variates by approximating Monte Carlo draws with some specified function. We describe the method from first principles and suggest appropriate fits, and show its efficiency to evaluate European and Asian Call options in constant and stochastic volatility models. |
| Date: | 2019–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:1903.10795&r=all |
| By: | Gede Ginaya (Tourism Department Politeknik Negeri Bali, Indonesia Author-2-Name: Ni Nyoman Sri Astuti Author-2-Workplace-Name: Tourism Department Politeknik Negeri Bali, Indonesia Author-3-Name: Ni Putu Wiwiek Ary Susyarini Author-3-Workplace-Name: Tourism Department Politeknik Negeri Bali, Indonesia Author-4-Name: Ni Ketut Bagiastuti, Author-4-Workplace-Name: Tourism Department Politeknik Negeri Bali, Indonesia Author-5-Name: Made Ruki Author-5-Workplace-Name: Tourism Department Politeknik Negeri Bali, Indonesia Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – This paper examines the performance of the Bali & Beyond Travel Fair (BBTF) 2018, an event whereby buyers and sellers meet to negotiate on travel and tourism businesses at the Bali Nusa Dua Convention Centre (BNDCC). The study also explains the marketing strategies being used, through the perspective of the 7 Ps. Furthermore, the paper presents an authentic account of how marketing and tourism services (tour events) are actually initiated and performed. Methodology/Technique – The data of the study is in the form of travel business correspondences, tour itineraries, the circular event of the travel fair, in-depth interviews with stakeholders, and the writer's observational notes. The analysis was conducted by applying a descriptive qualitative research, focusing on the 7 Ps of marketing strategy. Findings – The study reveals that the travel fair plays an important role in attracting buyers to purchase products offered. Novelty – The study shows that sellers must use events such as this as a marketing model and a powerful tool when reviewing strategic options and selecting the best future direction of their company. Type of Paper: Empirical |
| Keywords: | Marketing Mix-strategies; BBTF; Sellers; Buyers; Sustainability |
| JEL: | M30 M31 M39 |
| Date: | 2019–03–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jmmr203&r=all |
| By: | Vu, T.N.; Vo, D.H.; McAleer, M.J. |
| Abstract: | The paper develops a model to examine rent seeking in innovation and export licenses, with an application to Vietnam rice exports. Firms can lobby for export restrictions or for free trade. Innovation is introduced as a cost-reducing technology. The analysis focuses on the innovation incentives of the firm lobbying for export restrictions, and the determinants of lobbying incentives. The analysis shows that firms lobbying for export restrictions may have lower incentives to adopt technological innovations under export restrictions than under free trade. The findings can help to identify economic inefficiency when the political elites use export restrictions to seek rents. |
| Keywords: | Trade restrictions, export licenses, innovation, monopoly, rent seeking, free trade, economic development |
| JEL: | D72 G1 L12 O13 Q55 |
| Date: | 2019–03–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ems:eureir:115607&r=all |
| By: | Ihil S.Baron (Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi (STIE), Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia Author-2-Name: Author-2-Workplace-Name: Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – This study aims to further explore how leadership training processes are perceived by various generations in an organization. In looking at this phenomenon we use the perspective of the Me generation who are currently attending a wide range of leadership training organized by their own organization as well as outside of the organization. It is expected that this understanding will provide an outline of how the process of leadership training can effectively change behaviour, improve competence, and advance individual's careers in the future. Methodology/Technique – This study uses a qualitative methodology and a case study with exploratory approach is chosen as the researchers have limited knowledge on the research area. In addition, a case study is a more in-depth study. The procedures of data analysis consist of three actions based on research by Miles and Huberman (1994) that occur instantly: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings of this study are a development of skills and expertise which is currently proposed for the security of one's career within an organization. Findings – With career security, the ability to work is increased and people are not limited to working in the same job. Employees have the opportunity to improve their skills and adapt to their working abilities in a changing environment. This will also improve the company's image, not only from the loyalty of their employees, but also in terms of the achievement of their goal, development of skills, motivation, productivity, and performance. Novelty – The empirical implications of this study are in line with the trait theory and contingency model. This proposes that a leader must have various attributes to be effective. Effective leadership is characterised by a number of traits such as cognitive abilities, social abilities, and integrated disposition tendencies. Type of Paper: Review |
| Keywords: | Leadership Training Process; Gen-Me Perspectives; Case Study; Exploratory Approach; Career Security; Trait Theory; Contingency Model. |
| JEL: | M50 M53 M59 |
| Date: | 2019–03–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jmmr208&r=all |
| By: | Chong-Meng (Faculty of Economics and Management, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia Author-2-Name: Chee Author-2-Workplace-Name: School of Social Science, Heriot-Watt University, 62200 Putrajaya, Malaysia Author-3-Name: Nazrul Hisyam Bin Ab Razak Author-3-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Management, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – This study investigates whether private information newly incorporated into stock price enhances performance in timing share repurchases. Methodology/Technique – Cost saving gained in share repurchases is used a proxy for performance of market-timing in share repurchases and firm-specific stock return variation is used to gauge stock price informativeness. A sample of 334 U.S. repurchasing firms are tested using panel data regression. Findings – The paper concludes that managers possess better market timing skill by obtaining more cost saving from their share repurchases when private information is reflected in stock price. Stock price informativeness may be the tool for managers to improve their market timing skill to take advantage of the stock market. Furthermore, firms with smaller size and a higher market-to-book ratios, and firms with higher cash-to-assets ratios are found to achieve more cost saving in buying back their shares indicating that these firms are able to time the market in share repurchasing. Novelty – Despite numerous previous studies focusing solely on using share repurchases announcement for computing cumulative abnormal returns in testing managerial market timing, this study contributes to the literature in several ways: (i) providing evidence relating stock price informativeness and performance of market-timing in share repurchases; (ii) developing a better timing measure constructed using actual repurchasing data; (iii) adopting a cost saving measure as the timing measure instead of cumulative abnormal return. Type of Paper: Empirical. |
| Keywords: | Managerial Learning Hypothesis; Market Timing; Stock Repurchase; Stock Price Informativeness; Firmspecific Stock Return Variation. |
| JEL: | G12 G13 G14 |
| Date: | 2019–03–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jfbr155&r=all |
| By: | Giriati (Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Tanjungpura, Pontianak, Indonesia. Author-2-Name: Author-2-Workplace-Name: Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective – This article aims to analyze the influence of mediating Business Strategy variables on Management Capabilities (MC) and Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) toward Business Performance. Methodology/Technique – This study was conducted on group of students of Economics and Business Department who practiced as entrepreneurs, using Path Analysis (Amos,18.0). Findings – The results of the analysis show that the management capabilities do not support the indirect influence of business strategies on business performance. However, entrepreneurial orientation supports the indirect influence of business strategies on business performance. Meanwhile, management capabilities have a significant direct effect on business performance. Novelty – Without going through a business strategy, entrepreneurial orientation does not have a significant direct effect on business performance, because business strategy supports business performance or direct influence. Type of Paper: Empirical |
| Keywords: | Business Strategy; Management Capabilities; Entrepreneurial Orientation; Business Performance. |
| JEL: | M16 M21 M29 |
| Date: | 2019–03–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jber168&r=all |
| By: | Ansari Saleh Ahmar |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this research is to apply technical analysis of Sutte Indicator in stock trading which will assist in the investment decision making process i.e. buying or selling shares. This research takes data of "A" on the Indonesia Stock Exchange(IDX or BEI) 29 November 2006 until 20 September 2016 period. To see the performance of Sutte Indicator, other technical analysis are used as a comparison, Simple Moving Average (SMA) and Moving Average Convergence/Divergence (MACD). To see a comparison of the level of reliability prediction, the stock data were compared using the mean absolute deviation (MAD), mean of square error (MSE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The result of this research is that Sutte Indicator can be used as a reference in predicting stock movements, and if it is compared to other indicator methods (SMA and MACD) via MAD, MSE, and MAPE, the Sutte Indicator has a better level of reliability. |
| Date: | 2019–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:1903.11642&r=all |
| By: | Mullen, John; Malcolm; Farquharson, Bob |
| Abstract: | The lowland rice industry in Laos experiences dry conditions regularly. Rice producers also face rising labour costs as the Lao economy grows. Much of the crop is consumed by the farm households who grew it. Between 1997 and 2012 ACIAR co-funded a set of three projects with the main outcomes being the development of rice varieties more tolerant of dry conditions and direct seeding technologies to replace traditional hand transplanting. Human capacity and scientific knowledge were other significant outcomes from the projects. Direct seeding allowed the release of family labour for other on- and off- farm and household activities. Assessing ACIAR’s contribution to the economic and social impacts from this set of projects was difficult because of the length of time since the projects began, because of the lack of data about the adoption of the technologies and because the University team funded by ACIAR were not the only research team working on these technologies. We focussed on estimating the economic impact of the two technologies applying welfare analysis in a farm level market model of the Lao rice industry and on describing gains in scientific capacity and knowledge. Potential social impacts from the releasing labour from transplanting were also described. Given the uncertainties created by inadequate data, care was taken to develop plausible causal pathways between project research activities and economic and social outcomes. The present value in 2017 of the investment in the three projects by ACIAR and partners was estimated to be $A14.1m (all monetary values in 2017 $AUD and applying ACIAR’s 5% discount rate). The present values in 2017 of the streams of measurable benefits from the adoption of more drought tolerant varieties and direct seeding technology were $A18.5m and $A44.1m respectively, for a total of $A62.6m. The net present value of these streams of benefits and costs in 2017 was $A48.5m. The benefit cost ratio was 4.44:1 and the internal rate of return was 16.0%. The modified internal rate of return, MIRR was 11.5% assuming that the net benefit stream can be reinvested through the life of the investment at a rate of 5%. By these three measures the set of three projects, whose impact has been assessed here, are likely to have been a good investment from ACIAR’s perspective. This conclusion is quite robust to the uncertainty surrounding our assumption about the rates of adoption of the technologies and the share of benefits from the two technologies attributable to the ACIAR projects. If both these parameters are halved (approximately) for both technologies, an unlikely scenario in our view, the investment in the projects still earns the required rate of return. |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries |
| Date: | 2019–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare19:285044&r=all |