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on South East Asia |
| By: | Asian Development Bank (ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) (Strategy and Policy Department, ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) (Strategy and Policy Department, ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) |
| Abstract: | The 2014 Development Effectiveness Review (DEfR) is the eighth in a series of yearly reports by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) on its performance in achieving the priorities of Strategy 2020, its long-term strategic framework for 2008–2020. The results framework on which the DEfR is based was updated in 2014 to reflect the recommendations of the Midterm Review of Strategy 2020. The 2014 DEfR tracks recent development progress in Asia and the Pacific, assesses ADB’s development effectiveness, and identifies areas where ADB’s performance needs to be strengthened. |
| Keywords: | development effectiveness review, results framework, adb performance, adb scorecard, results, strategy 2020, operational areas, operational management, organizational management, development results |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:asd:wpaper:rpt157185-2&r=sea |
| By: | Briones, Roehlano M. |
| Abstract: | Inadequate application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer has been identified by the Food Staples Sufficiency Program as a major constraint in achieving rice self-sufficiency. The available literature on fertilizer application in the Philippines tends to find inadequate N application under the agronomic and economic criteria. Explanations for the gap may be grouped under the following sets of factors: external constraints, attitude toward risk, and internal constraints. Different explanations imply different policy solutions, hence, it is critical to correctly identify the most relevant explanations. A new estimation using FAO Fertibase data confirms the finding of inadequate N application by rice farmers in the Philippines. Additional study is proposed covering the following: (1) comparing actual to optimal N application using secondary data for Central Luzon (obtained from the International Rice Research Institute) and (2) identifying the reasons for inadequate N application using primary data collected from a survey of rice farmers in Nueva Ecija. |
| Keywords: | Philippines, efficiency, fertilizer, yield gap, risk aversion, prospect theory, behavioral economics |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:phd:rpseri:dp_2016-01&r=sea |
| By: | Van Q. Tran, Sabina Alkire and Stephan Klasen |
| Abstract: | There has been a rapid expansion in the literature on the measurement of multidimensional poverty in recent years. This paper focuses on the longitudinal aspects of multidimensional poverty and its link to dynamic income poverty measurement. Using panel household survey data in Vietnam from 2007, 2008, and 2010, the paper analyses the prevalence and dynamics of both multidimensional and monetary poverty from the same dataset. The results show that the monetary poor (or non-poor) are not always multidimensionally poor (or non-poor) - indeed the overlap between the two measures is much less than 50%. Additionally, monetary poverty shows faster progress as well as a higher level of fluctuation than multidimensional poverty. We suggest that rapid economic growth as experienced by Vietnam has a larger and more immediate impact on monetary than on multidimensional poverty. |
| Date: | 2015–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:qeh:ophiwp:ophiwp097.pdf&r=sea |
| By: | Asian Development Bank (ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) (East Asia Department, ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) (East Asia Department, ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) |
| Abstract: | This report looks into the many challenges that agriculture in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) faces and how stakeholders are meeting the challenges head-on with the establishment of farmer–enterprise partnerships. It offers case studies and an in-depth look into several enterprises in the PRC and highlights the experiences of these companies which can be used as guidelines for farmer–enterprise partnerships. This report represents the Asian Development Bank’s efforts in pursuing its Finance++ strategy to promoting development. While the study was conducted in the context of the PRC, other developing economies could also benefit through proper generalization and customization of experience and cases learned. |
| Keywords: | farmer enterprise partnerships, prc, china, contract farming, sustainable agriculture, farming, dryland agriculture, agricultural modernization, agricultural management, agricultural production, agricultural development |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:asd:wpaper:rpt157250&r=sea |
| By: | Kang, Byeongwoo |
| Abstract: | This paper compares three knowledge carriers—trade, foreign direct investment (FDI), and inventors—as knowledge mediums, and investigates their effects on knowledge flow in East Asia from 1996 to 2010. Using patent citations as a proxy for knowledge flow, this paper shows that FDI and inventor mobility have positive effects on increasing patent citations in East Asia when the technological portfolios of two countries are less similar. While trade shows statistical significance, the effect is inconsistent according to the regression models. |
| Keywords: | East Asia, Technology transfer, Technology trade, Human resources, Foreign investments, International trade, Foreign direct investment, Knowledge flow, Personnel mobility, Trade |
| JEL: | F4 J6 O3 |
| Date: | 2015–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jet:dpaper:dpaper538&r=sea |
| By: | Quan-Hoang Vuong |
| Abstract: | This paper communicates results from a statistical investigation into questions of relationships between sources of health-care information, data sufficiency, and final outcomes of Vietnamese patients' choice of health-care provider. The study employs a data set of 1459 observations collected from a survey in Hanoi in the fourth quarter of 2015. Significant relationships among these factors are identified following categorical data modeling employing the baselinecategory logit (BCL) method. Among the significant results reported, sources ofinformation, cost, and amount of time for seeking information are found to have significant influences on data sufficiency. The quality of information and health professionals’ credibility are critical factors in helping patients choose a healthcare provider In addition, empirical probabilities for different conditions patients face are provided together with insights and policy implications. Final suggestionsemphasize an upgrade of the knowledge base and an increase in public access to information with Internet-based innovations such as smartphone apps and data storage with the participation of healthcare providers and the Ministry of Health's ICT units. The underutilized 115 Emergency Service could also be transformed to function as a call center that helps coordinate and channel requests forinformation across a broad network of health-care professionals for better public use. |
| Keywords: | health-care provider; quality of information; data sufficiency; Vietnam; consumer behavior |
| JEL: | D83 I12 D12 |
| Date: | 2016–01–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sol:wpaper:2013/222896&r=sea |
| By: | Nina Grigoreva (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | The paper deals with Muong epic tales included into the cycle of ‘The Birth of the Earth and Water’. These tales, which represent a type of ritual narrative performed during traditional mourning rites (Mo), are analyzed in the context of Vietnamese folk stories from a 15th century collection entitled ‘A Selection of Wondrous Tales of Linh Nam’. The comparative analysis of two bodies of narratives is used to suggest an alternative vision of the ethnic and cultural history of the Muong and the Vietnamese (Kinh). |
| Keywords: | Vietnam, Muong, Viet-Muong, epics, comparative analysis |
| JEL: | Z19 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:118hum2015&r=sea |
| By: | Enami, Ali |
| Abstract: | The “fetal origin hypothesis” predicts that the exposure to unfavorable environments early in life negatively affects future health and non-health (e.g. income) outcomes. This paper evaluates this theory by examining the effect of in utero exposure to influenza pandemic of 1957-58, the 2nd biggest of the 20th century, on the future earnings of exposed cohort. Using data from National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79), a difference-in-differences model is estimated for four demographic groups: white and non-white males and females. While the effect of this exposure on earnings of white individuals is statistically insignificant, the effect is both (economically and statistically) significant and contradictory for non-whites. Non-white females experienced a $6100 loss in their yearly wage while the wage of non-white males increased by about $11900. |
| Keywords: | Fetal origin hypothesis; Earnings, Asian flu, NLSY79 |
| JEL: | I12 I19 N32 |
| Date: | 2016–01–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:68673&r=sea |
| By: | Wen-Tai Hsu (Singapore Management University); Yi Lu (National University of Singapore); Guiying Laura Wu (Nanyang Technological University) |
| Abstract: | This paper provides a quantitative analysis of gains from trade for China over the period of 1995-2004, which was when Chinas openness drastically improved. We decompose gains from trade in two ways. First, we disentangle pro-competitive effects from a traditional Ricardian effect. Second, we separate the effect due to tariff reductions from that due to reductions in non-tariff trade costs. Our quantitative analysis shows that the pro-competitive effects account for 25:4% of the total welfare gains from trade, whereas the allocative efficiency alone accounts for 22:3%. We also fi nd that tariff reductions account for about 31:6% of reductions of overall trade costs, whereas the associated relative contribution to overall gains is slightly larger at 39:6%. In our multi-sector analysis, we find that when a sectoral markup is higher in 1995, there tends to be a larger reduction in the respective sectoral trade cost between 1995 and 2004, a tendency that is generally welfare improving. One methodological advantage of this papers quantitative framework is that its application is not constrained by industrial or product classi cations, and so it can be applied to countries of any size. |
| Date: | 2015–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:siu:wpaper:13-2015&r=sea |