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on South East Asia |
By: | Bingqin Li |
Abstract: | This paper demonstrates that urban social exclusion in China does not only include restricted participation by the ¿underclass¿ in urban life, but also the deprivation of certain political, social and economic rights. In addition, the paper describes how the character of urban social exclusion has changed over time. The author also examines the social exclusion of rural workers living and working in urban areas. The paper concludes by arguing that urban social exclusion in China needs coordinated reforms that target the whole set of problems in the urban ¿underclass¿ lacking political rights, social protection and economic opportunities. |
Keywords: | social exclusion, urban China, rural to urban migrants |
JEL: | J43 R23 I30 |
Date: | 2004–03 |
URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cep:sticas:82&r=sea |
By: | Li-Chen Cheng |
Abstract: | In July 2000, the Taipei City Government launched an anti-poverty program, Taipei Family Development Accounts, which drew heavily on Sherraden¿s asset-based welfare theory, and was to provide matched savings accounts for low-income families in the City. This paper presents the ¿income to assets¿ policy shift process and a research summary on the participants to date. |
Keywords: | family development accounts (Taipei), poverty, assets-building |
JEL: | D14 I38 |
Date: | 2004–03 |
URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cep:sticas:83&r=sea |
By: | Bingqin Li; David Piachaud |
Abstract: | Despite prolonged economic growth, poverty has become a more notable and noted feature of Chinese society. The paper examines three phases of development since the foundation of the People's Republic: the central planning era (1949 -1978); the pro-urban growth model (1978 - 1999); and more recent changes (1999 - 2004). For each phase the nature of the economic and social policies are described and the effects on poverty and inequality are examined. The limitations of a social policy that is subservient to the economic strategy are considered. The alternative of a model of social development based on the livelihood approach is analysed and its potential to reduce poverty and inequality are considered. |
Keywords: | poverty, inequality, social policy, China, livelihoods, social development |
JEL: | I3 |
Date: | 2004–11 |
URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cep:sticas:87&r=sea |
By: | Gordon Daniels; James Hoare |
Abstract: | Hoare: Both North and South Korea claim victory in the Korean War. Yet neither makes much of the ending of the war in July 1953, and both have had problems coming to terms with the reality of the war. The reality is that both suffered so much in a conflict that achieved little that formal celebrations seem inappropriate.Daniels: The outbreak of the Korean war in 1950 and the ferocious fighting which took place affected Britain, whose army took part in the war. This essay records the different shades of opinion expressed in its various newspapers/journals. |
Keywords: | Korea, Korean war, 1950, Korean armistice, commemoration, Britain, Japan, China, newspapers, museums, monuments. |
Date: | 2004–02 |
URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cep:stiisp:/2004/467&r=sea |
By: | John Chapman; Ian Nish |
Abstract: | Chapman: Major defects in British naval intelligence were the absence of an effective central department, an inferior network of naval attachés in major capitals prior to 1902 and the lack of secure direct cable communications with Northeast Asia. The performance of the Naval Intelligence Department was changed for the better by the efforts of Lord Selborne as First Lord of the Admiralty (1900-5). Selborne's promotion of Britain's alliance with Japan was conditional on a close working relationship with the administration of Theodore Roosevelt.Nish: There was considerable uncertainty and indecision about whether China would take part in the Russo-Japanese war. Finally under considerable outside pressure she declared strict neutrality. Since the civil administration in her Three Eastern Provinces (Manchuria) was in Chinese hands, she inevitably had a role in the war; and her people suffered much.The Portsmouth treaties that ended the war could only be implemented with China's agreement. Foreign Minister Komura had to conclude new treaties with China at the Peking Conference on 22 December 1905. |
Keywords: | Japan, China, Russia, Manchuria, Britain, Admiralty, Fisher, Selborne, Balfour, Uchida, Komura, Yuna Shikai, Great Northern Telegraphs, Naval Intelligence, Portsmouth Conference, Peking Conference. |
Date: | 2004–04 |
URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cep:stiisp:/2004/475&r=sea |
By: | Rana Mitter; Koji Nakakita |
Abstract: | Mitter: China emerged from the Korean War as a more confident actor in the international order. The paper considers three wider contexts within which China's experience of the Korean War should be considered: as part of a spectrum of 20th century wars, as part of a Cold War binarism in politics, and as part of a drive toward technological modernity.Nakakita: The Korean armistice which ended the hot war in Asia encouraged Japanese political parties of the left and right to amalgamate and inaugurate 'the 1955 system'. It caused some domestic hardship by further reducing US Special Procurements which had played a vital part in reviving Japan's postwar industry. It also enabled Japan to re-frame its policies towards China and the US. |
Keywords: | Korea, Korean War, Mao, Stalin, Kim II-sung, prisoners-of-war, War of Resistance to Japan, Cold War, Yoshida, Japan Socialist Party, Liberal party, Democratic party, US Special Procurements, China trade. |
Date: | 2004–06 |
URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cep:stiisp:/2004/477&r=sea |
By: | Pedro Cavalcanti Ferreira; Samuel de Abreu Pessôa (EPGE/FGV); Fernando A. Veloso |
Date: | 2004–10 |
URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fgv:epgewp:569&r=sea |
By: | Kyoji Fukao; Hyeog Ug Kwon |
Date: | 2004–12 |
URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hst:hstdps:d04-50&r=sea |
By: | Keiko Ito |
Abstract: | Using plant-level data underlying the Census of Manufactures, total factor productivity (TFP) growth and its determinants are analyzed for the Japanese automobile industry since 1980s. The average annual TFP growth rate from 1981 to 1996 was only about 0.6 percent for the automobile assembly industry and about 1.3 percent for the auto parts manufacturing industry. In the Japanese auto parts manufacturing industry, we found that R&D spillovers from assemblers had a significantly positive effect on the parts suppliers' TFP growth and that parts suppliers located near an assembly plant achieved higher TFP growth. |
Keywords: | Automobile Industry, Total Factor Productivity, Keiretsu, Agglomeration, R&D Spillover |
JEL: | D24 L22 L23 L62 O32 |
Date: | 2004–12 |
URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hst:hstdps:d04-51&r=sea |
By: | Makoto Abe (Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo) |
Abstract: | While RFM analysis is popular among practioners, ad-hoc rules are often employed to judge whether customers are alive or not. Because customers do not declare explicitly when they are dead, a company infers a customer is dead if she did not make any purchase, for example, for over three months. Even with the same period of nonpurchase, however, customers with a long interpurchase time need not be worried for death whereas those with a short interpurchase time could be dead. Hence, it is very important to account for customer heterogeneity when assessing the survival of customers. In this research, using standard RF data, I will derive the survival probability of an individual customer based on the common hypotheses on consumer behavior. |
Date: | 2004–12 |
URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tky:jseres:2004cj121&r=sea |
By: | Tetsuji Okazaki (Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo) |
Abstract: | This paper examines the boundaries of the internal labor markets in Mitsubishi Zaibatsu and the career paths of the employees of Mitsubishi Bank, using the employee lists of Mitsubishi Zaibatsu. The fact that a comprehensive employee list was compiled by the personal section of the holding company every year, suggests that there might be a unified internal labor market of Mitsubishi Zaibatsu. However, transfers of employees between the affiliated companies were exceptional, which means that the internal labor market in Mitsubishi Zaibatsu was partitioned into the internal labor markets of the individual companies. On the other hand, each of those internal markets was relatively open to the external market, compared with major companies in present Japan. It is also found that the career paths of the employees of Mitsubishi Bank were different from those of the bank employees in present Japan. In particular, many of the loan section chiefs of Mitsubishi Bank did not have much experience as loan officers, while they spent long time in various sections including deposit section and exchange section. |
Date: | 2004–12 |
URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tky:jseres:2004cj122&r=sea |
By: | Ting Gao (University of Missouri-Columbia); Yuwei Wang |
Abstract: | In this paper we study the effects of openness on regional income and growth in China. We first construct exogenous components of openness to foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade based on geographic and cultural attributes of Chinese provinces, and then use them to obtain the instrumental variables estimates of the effects of FDI and trade on income and growth. We find positive effects of FDI on both income and growth, which are in most cases precisely estimated and economically large. |
JEL: | F43 O18 O53 R11 |
Date: | 2004–12–27 |
URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:umc:wpaper:0310&r=sea |