|
on Small Business Management |
|
Issue of 2024‒01‒22
twenty-six papers chosen by |
| By: | Brahim Fathallah (UH2C - Université Hassan II de Casablanca (UH2C)); Horr Latifa |
| Abstract: | In recent years, entrepreneurship has attracted a lot of interest in many regions of the world, this can be explained by the existing correlation between the creation of new businesses and economic development. However, the latest crisis, linked to Covid19, revealed a sharp increase in the risk of developing entrepreneurship and a reduction in the probability of success at all its stages, in particular for small and medium-sized businesses. Indeed, difficult market conditions alone determine the impossibility not only of economic development, but even of the simple survival of companies without innovations creating new opportunities. Furthermore, despite the increasing scale of financial support to the entrepreneur, it is no longer sufficient and the need to attract investments and borrowed funds determines the importance of the evaluation of innovative entrepreneurial projects. This article highlights the growing importance of the evaluation of entrepreneurial projects by young people in Morocco, as part of the third phase of the National Human Development Initiative (INDH). Active participation in this process invigorates the entrepreneurial spirit by fostering innovation, encouraging calculated risk-taking and contributing to the creation of an economically prosperous and socially responsible future. While recognizing potential challenges, it also addresses the need to invest in developing the skills and knowledge of young evaluators, so that they can play an effective and beneficial role in the evaluation of entrepreneurial projects. |
| Abstract: | Ces dernières années, l'entrepreneuriat a suscité beaucoup d'intérêt dans de nombreuses régions du monde, ceci s'explique par la corrélation existante entre la création de nouvelles entreprises et le développement économique. Or, la dernière crise, liée au Covid19, a révélé une forte augmentation du risque de développement de l'entrepreneuriat et une réduction de la probabilité de succès à toutes ses étapes, en particulier pour les petites et moyennes entreprises. En effet, les conditions de marché difficiles déterminent à elles seules l'impossibilité non seulement du développement économique, mais même de la simple survie des entreprises sans innovations créant de nouvelles opportunités. En outre, malgré l'ampleur croissante du soutien financier à l'entrepreneur, il n'est plus suffisant et la nécessité d'attirer les investissements et les fonds empruntés détermine l'importance de l'évaluation des projets entrepreneuriaux innovants. Cet article met en lumière l'importance croissante de l'évaluation des projets entrepreneuriaux par les jeunes au Maroc, dans le cadre de la troisième phase de l'Initiative Nationale de Développement Humain (INDH). La participation active à ce processus revigore l'esprit d'entreprise en favorisant l'innovation, en encourageant la prise de risques calculés et en contribuant à la création d'un avenir économiquement prospère et socialement responsable. Tout en reconnaissant les défis potentiels, il aborde également la nécessité d'investir dans le développement des compétences et des connaissances des jeunes évaluateurs afin qu'ils puissent jouer un rôle efficace et bénéfique dans l'évaluation des projets entrepreneuriaux. |
| Keywords: | Project assessment, Entrepreneurship, National Human Development Initiative, Economic Inclusion., Évaluation de projets, Entreprenariat, Initiative Nationale de Développement Humain, Inclusion économique |
| Date: | 2023–11–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04332026&r=sbm |
| By: | NINDL Elisabeth (European Commission - JRC); CONFRARIA Hugo (European Commission - JRC); RENTOCCHINI Francesco (European Commission - JRC); NAPOLITANO Lorenzo (European Commission - JRC); GEORGAKAKI Aliki (European Commission - JRC); INCE Ela (European Commission - JRC); FAKO Peter (European Commission - JRC); TUEBKE Alexander (European Commission - JRC); GAVIGAN James (European Commission - JRC); HERNANDEZ GUEVARA Hector (European Commission - JRC); PINERO MIRA Pablo (European Commission - JRC); RUEDA CANTUCHE Jose (European Commission - JRC); BANACLOCHE SANCHEZ Santacruz (European Commission - JRC); DE PRATO Giuditta (European Commission - JRC); CALZA Elisa (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | This is the 20th edition of ‘The EU Industrial Research & Development (R&D) Investment Scoreboard’. The European Commission issued the first edition of the Scoreboard in 2004 to monitor and analyse industrial R&D investment trends in the context of the EU’s 3% of GDP R&D investment policy target, which remains a key performance indicator of the EU’s long-term competitiveness. This report is structured in two parts. Part I provides an overview of the world's top 2 500 R&D investors, responsible for over three quarters of R&D performed by the business sector globally, based on the financial information in the firms’ latest published audited accounts. It analyses the main trends and benchmarks the EU’s top R&D investing companies against global competitors, and gives details on the EU’s top 1 000 R&D investing firms. For the first time, a panel of Scoreboard firms allows insights into structural R&D trends over the past 10 and 20 years. This sheds light on the strategic role played by R&D through the global financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. Part II combines the Scoreboard data with other datasets to gain novel insights into the technological advancement of the companies. For example, as Scoreboard firms own two-thirds of the patents filed in the five largest patent offices. Characterising the patent portfolios of Scoreboard firms in automotive, advanced materials and artificial intelligence provides additional insights into the technological positioning of EU firms. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc135576&r=sbm |
| By: | Addis Gedefaw Birhanu (EM - emlyon business school); Alfonso Gambardella (Bocconi University [Milan, Italy]) |
| Abstract: | Research Summary This article examines the relationship between family ownership and patent use strategy using primary data from a patent survey, as well as patent and firm-level data from secondary sources. The findings reveal that family firms are less likely than non-family firms to license their patents and more likely to internally commercialize them. We show that the decision of family firms to license less does not depend on lower patent quality or inefficient patent use. Instead, it arises from their preference for patent uses that allow them to exert greater control over the value they can derive from their innovations. We also show that family firms commercialize more patents because they leverage their managerial discretion to explore and seize emerging internal patent commercialization opportunities. Managerial Summary Whether the desire of families in family firms to maintain control over the company and strategic resources negatively impacts their economic performance has important governance implications. Within the context of patent commercialization, in line with this desire for control, our study highlights the preference of family firms to prioritize internal commercialization over licensing. To offset their underlicensing tendency, family firms internally commercialize more patents by being nimble to identify and capitalize on emerging commercialization opportunities. This enables them to align their control ambitions with patent commercialization efficiency, akin to nonfamily firms. |
| Keywords: | family firms, family ownership, innovation, patent commercialization, patent licensing |
| Date: | 2023–12–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04343877&r=sbm |
| By: | Davide Rizzo (UniLaSalle, INTERACT - Innovation, Territoire, Agriculture et Agro-industrie, Connaissance et Technologie - UniLaSalle); Fatma Fourati-Jamoussi (UniLaSalle, INTERACT - Innovation, Territoire, Agriculture et Agro-industrie, Connaissance et Technologie - UniLaSalle); Lucian Ceapraz (UniLaSalle, INTERACT - Innovation, Territoire, Agriculture et Agro-industrie, Connaissance et Technologie - UniLaSalle); Mariia Ostapchuk (UniLaSalle, INTERACT - Innovation, Territoire, Agriculture et Agro-industrie, Connaissance et Technologie - UniLaSalle); Hanitra Randrianasolo (UniLaSalle, INTERACT - Innovation, Territoire, Agriculture et Agro-industrie, Connaissance et Technologie - UniLaSalle); Anne Combaud (UniLaSalle, INTERACT - Innovation, Territoire, Agriculture et Agro-industrie, Connaissance et Technologie - UniLaSalle); Michel J.-F. Dubois (UniLaSalle, INTERACT - Innovation, Territoire, Agriculture et Agro-industrie, Connaissance et Technologie - UniLaSalle) |
| Abstract: | The paper explores novel connections between human and technology-driven innovation in a French agritech cluster. It focuses on the whole system innovation and addresses specifically the impact of digitalisation related to precision agriculture deployment. The cluster under investigation has been settled by the Beauvaisis municipalities' agglomeration. It comprises interactions between local authorities, firms and knowledge institutions. The analysis covers various perspectives of the stakeholders' interactions and the role of intermediary actors and introduces the concept of the floating prescriber. The early results and the following analyses will contribute to highlighting the way an ecosystem (a cluster) is developed around the issue of digital technologies and sustainable agriculture. |
| Keywords: | Agriculture, Technologie, Innovations soutenables |
| Date: | 2023–05–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04295987&r=sbm |
| By: | DE NIGRIS Sarah (European Commission - JRC); KALPAKA Annita (European Commission - JRC); NEPELSKI Daniel (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The European Digital Innovation Hubs (EDIHs), established under the Digital Europe Programme, play a pivotal role in bolstering digitalisation across European businesses. There are 227 hubs, of which 151 are funded directly by the Digital Europe Programme. The EDIHs are widely distributed across 85% of European regions, covering almost 90% of the EU's working population. The EDIHs are formed of a diverse array of organisations, including private companies, research organisations, universities, and public sector entities. The services provided by EDIHs to SMEs and public sector organisations encompass a broad spectrum of technologies and sectors showcasing diversity in strategies and designs. The hubs demonstrate strong competencies in key technologies like Artificial Intelligence, Cybersecurity, and High-Performance Computing. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc134620&r=sbm |
| By: | Bennett, Robert J; Smith, Harry; Montebruno, Piero; Van Lieshout, Carry |
| Abstract: | New data on profit heterogeneity of small- and medium-sized firms for 1861–81 in England and Wales are used to reinterpret Marshall's contemporary insights. Profit level differences are chiefly explained by location, mainly urbanisation effects. But profitability (profit per worker) is mainly explained by sectors, at both 1-digit and 5-digit level. Sector market opportunities reflected barriers to market entry which limited substitutability for the services of the professions, some manufacturing and maker-dealing industries. Localisation mainly reflected urban/rural differences, accessibility to railways and to a lesser extent waterways. Differences in firm-level organisation (measured by portfolio diversification and partnerships) were less significant for explaining profit heterogeneity than sector or localisation. Demographic effects such as an entrepreneur's age had little significance. Marshall's insight of convergence to mean industry-sector profitability, with localisation as a secondary influence, is confirmed, but there remain unexplained elements of heterogeneity indicating important roles of entrepreneurial agency. |
| JEL: | L11 L22 L25 L29 |
| Date: | 2022–01–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:113883&r=sbm |
| By: | Saulo Dubard-Barbosa (EM - emlyon business school); Brett Smith |
| Abstract: | "Research on the relationship between religion and entrepreneurship has produced mixed findings. We argue such equivocal findings are partly the result of under-specification of the role of religion in entrepreneurial action. To address this issue, we build on the process perspective of entrepreneurial cognition by simultaneously incorporating mental representations and cognitive resources. Specifically, we theorize a cognitive process that incorporates both framing effects of opportunity cues and religious belief integration based on sanctification into the assessment of feasibility and desirability of entrepreneurial action. Through two within-subject experiments, we find (i) positively framed opportunity cues yield more favorable assessments of entrepreneurial action than negatively framed opportunity cues, and (ii) religious belief integration moderates the relationship between framing and assessments of entrepreneurial action, enhancing perceived feasibility and desirability when information framing is negative. We discuss the implications of our model to research the theological turn of entrepreneurship and a cognitive perspective of entrepreneurial action." |
| Keywords: | Opportunity evaluation, Entrepreneurial action, Religion, Religious belief integration, Theological turn, Information framing, Opportunity cues |
| Date: | 2023–11–24 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04348222&r=sbm |
| By: | Siedschlag, Iulia; Duran Vanegas, Juan |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:esr:wpaper:wp770&r=sbm |
| By: | Donal Bissainte (UF - University of Florida [Gainesville]) |
| Abstract: | This research delves into the significant role immigrant-owned businesses play in the U.S. economy, focusing on Florida's diverse food system. It explores the strategies, challenges, and relationships of Table 1. Main Challenges of small food businesses immigrant food entrepreneurs. These entrepreneurs exhibit determination, adaptability, and diverse aspirations, aiming for success through strategic product ordering and financial goals. Challenges faced include city requirements, inventory issues, and financial constraints. Despite these hurdles, they display resilience, continuously improving their businesses by diversifying offerings and engaging with the community. Family involvement is pivotal, providing support in operations and finance. Immigrant entrepreneurs prioritize community relationships, fostering connections with customers and supporting local causes. The research underscores their resilience and emphasizes the need for support systems to empower these entrepreneurs and integrate them into the local food economy. |
| Date: | 2023–12–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04339252&r=sbm |
| By: | Akbas, Ozan E.; Betz, Frank; Gattini, Luca |
| Abstract: | The credit gap in this study is given by the financing needs of firms that are bankable but discouraged from applying for a loan. To quantify the credit gap, we combine a scoring model that assesses the creditworthiness of discouraged firms with a credit allocation rule. Our study covers 35 emerging markets and developing economies and uses the 2018-2020 EBRD-EIB-World Bank Enterprise Survey. We show that on average discouraged firms are less creditworthy than successful applicants. Nonetheless, the share of bankable discouraged firms is large, suggesting inefficient credit rationing. The baseline results point to an aggregate credit gap of 8.4% of GDP with significant variation across countries. SMEs account for more than two-thirds of the total, reflecting both their contribution to economic activity and the fact that they are more likely to be credit-constrained. |
| Keywords: | credit rationing, discouraged borrowers, firm-level data, EMDEs |
| JEL: | D22 D45 E51 G21 G32 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:eibwps:280955&r=sbm |
| By: | DOMNICK Clemens (European Commission - JRC); HERVAS SORIANO Fernando (European Commission - JRC); GAVIGAN James (European Commission - JRC); MONCADA PATERNO' CASTELLO Pietro (European Commission - JRC); RENTOCCHINI Francesco (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | This Brief gives a short EU policy contextualisation of “Industrial innovation for Open Strategic Autonomy – leaving no one and no place behind’’ followed by a digest of the results of CONCORDi 2023 conference (Oct. 24-26, 2023) on the same subject. It focusses on policy relevance, drawing on new scientific evidence, insights and recommendations highlighting some of the policy challenges ahead. The content of this document – original for its comprehensive and new science-to-policy handling of the topic - reinforces the messages related to Open Strategic Autonomy of recent Communications of the Commission. Main hilights arising form this Brief are: a) Industrial Innovation as a pillar of industrial policy is central to achieving Open Strategic Autonomy (OSA); 2) In pursuing OSA, social and territorial cohesion should be integrated into industrial innovation policy; 3) Institutional capacities as well as quality and good governance are crucial to OSA; 4) More research and cooperation between practitioners and scientists is needed to underpin and monitor OSA. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc136221&r=sbm |
| By: | Jung Ho Choi; Brandon Gipper; Fiona Sequeira |
| Abstract: | This technical note investigates the organizational changes of accounting-fraud firms to understand and improve the quality of internal firm identifiers in the Business Register Bridge (BRB) of the Census data. Accurate internal firm identifiers are important because firm-level employment statistics aggregate establishment-level employment information based on internal firm identifiers in the Census data. This technical note uses researcher-provided data from the SEC Accounting and Auditing Enforcement Releases (AAERs) to identify accounting-fraud firms, the UCLA-LoPucki Bankruptcy Research Database (BRD) to identify fraud firm bankruptcies, Thomson ONE to identify fraud firm M&As, and Compustat to provide firm characteristics. After linking these external data sets to the Census data including the LBD and LEHD and performing various match rate analyses, this note makes three main contributions: (1) The note documents the overall match rates between external and Census data for firms in our sample, showing that accounting-fraud firms have higher match rates, with potential reasons such as firm size delineated. (2) The note documents the overall match rates, as well as pre and post-2000 rates, between external and Census data for bankruptcy-fraud firms, exploring specific cases of inconsistency in both the LBD and the merged LBD-LEHD data. (3) This note provides descriptive statistics about the number and rate of accounting-fraud firms that experience M&A activities in the three-year post-fraud period. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cen:tnotes:23-21&r=sbm |
| By: | Florian Englmaier (LMU Munich); Michael Hofmann (LMU München); Stefanie Wolter (IAB Nürnberg) |
| Abstract: | We study how firms adjust the bundles of management practices they adopt over time, using repeated survey data collected in Germany from 2012 to 2018. By employing unsupervised machine learning, we leverage high-dimensional data on human resource policies to describe clusters of management practices (management styles). Our results suggest that two management styles exist, one of which employs many and highly structured practices, while the other lacks these practices but retains training measures. We document sizeable differences in styles across German firms, which can (only) partially be explained by firm characteristics. Further, we show that management is highly persistent over time, in part because newly adopted practices are discontinued after a short time. We suggest miscalculations of cots-benefit trade-offs and non-fitting corporate culture as potential hindrances of adopting structured management. In light of previous findings that structured management increases firm performance, our findings have important policy implications since they show that firms which are managed in an unstructured way fail to catch up and will continue to underperform. |
| Keywords: | management practices; personnel management; panel data analysis; machine learning; |
| JEL: | M12 D22 C38 |
| Date: | 2023–12–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rco:dpaper:481&r=sbm |
| By: | Wentian Zhang |
| Abstract: | This paper studies the effect of antitrust enforcement on venture capital (VC) investments and VC-backed companies. To establish causality, I exploit the DOJ's decision to close several antitrust field offices in 2013, which reduced the antitrust enforcement in areas near the closed offices. I find that the reduction in antitrust enforcement causes a significant decrease in VC investments in startups located in the affected areas. Furthermore, these affected VC-backed startups exhibit a reduced likelihood of successful exits and diminished innovation performance. These negative results are mainly driven by startups in concentrated industries, where incumbents tend to engage in anticompetitive behaviors more frequently. To mitigate the adverse effect, startups should innovate more to differentiate their products. This paper sheds light on the importance of local antitrust enforcement in fostering competition and innovation. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.13564&r=sbm |
| By: | Hannah, Leslie; Foreman-Peck, James S. |
| Abstract: | We analyse a new dataset of 483 manufacturing firms in 1881 either that employed at least 1000 or had done so a decade earlier. Among these firms the majority were partnerships, but public corporations attained higher capital/ labour ratios and stronger employment growth than other business forms. The divorce of ownership from control was most effective where it was most thoroughly practised, as by public, in contrast to private, corporations. Engineers were frequently encountered in all business forms and associated with expanding employment. But the large public manufacturing corporations employed almost twice the proportion of engineers and professionals in top management as other enterprises. We find that family firms, proxied by heirs, were present in management of three quarters of partnerships but in only one third of public corporations, and did indeed reduce the employment growth of the firm, whereas engineers boosted it by more. Lords, mayors and landed wealth in management were also associated with faster employment growth of enterprises. These results suggest some stereotypes in the literature need to be more precisely defined or seriously questioned. |
| Keywords: | Business performance, corporations, partnerships, manufacturing, engineers, Victorian economy |
| JEL: | N0 N8 O1 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:119447&r=sbm |
| By: | MARQUES SANTOS Anabela (European Commission - JRC); CONTE Andrea (European Commission - JRC); MOLICA Francesco (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | Using data from the execution of 2014-2020 cohesion policy, the paper offers a comprehensive analysis of the speed of absorption capacity of European funds by introducing novel metrics. It evaluates absorption capacity considering time performance and distinguishing between national and regional governance models. The study employs a Tobit model to explain the overall speed of absorption and a multinomial regression model to describe the drivers of the thematic area with the highest absorption capacity. Programmes and territorial characteristics are both relevant factors explaining the level of absorption of funds. However, when explaining the thematic area with the highest absorption capacity, programme characteristics are more relevant than territorial ones. |
| Keywords: | Cohesion policy; Absorption capacity; European Union |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:termod:202314&r=sbm |
| By: | Youssef Sossey Alaoui (LEMO - Laboratoire Economie et management des organisations , Université Ibn Tofail -Kénitra - FEG - Faculté de science économique et gestion Université Ibn Tofail -Kénitra); Mohamed Torra (LEMO - Laboratoire Economie et management des organisations, Université Ibn Tofail -Kénitra - FEG - Faculté de science économique et gestion Université Ibn Tofail -Kénitra) |
| Abstract: | In a knowledge-oriented society, knowledge sharing within an organization is widely recognized as a crucial strategic element, as emphasized by Peter Drucker. Performance theory explores this concept through various dimensions, encompassing strategic performance according to T. Peters and R. Waterman (1983), competitive performance according to M. Porter (1974), economic and financial performance according to J.M. Stern and G.B. Stewart, and socio-economic performance according to (Isaac & Kalika, n.d.). While contemporary approaches integrate a systemic view of performance by including the organizational dimension, traditional approaches primarily focus on the economic aspect. This study focuses on the challenges related to knowledge sharing in the field of athletics in Morocco and its impact on organizational performance, with a particular emphasis on sharing among stakeholders. Using a quantitative approach based on hypothetico-deductive reasoning, we employed a computerized questionnaire via Google Forms to survey 120 sports organizations affiliated with the Royal Moroccan Athletics Federation. By utilizing SPSS software, the results indicate a limited inclination towards knowledge sharing within these organizations, while revealing a significant positive impact of this sharing on their performance. Thus, this research explores the intricate links between knowledge sharing and organizational performance in the field of athletics in Morocco, providing valuable insights for knowledge management and performance enhancement within these sports entities. |
| Abstract: | Dans une société orientée vers la connaissance, le partage des connaissances au sein d'une organisation est largement reconnu comme un élément stratégique essentiel, comme le souligne Peter Drucker. La théorie de la performance explore cette notion à travers diverses dimensions, englobant la performance stratégique selon T. Peters et R. Waterman (1983), concurrentielle selon M. Porter (1974), économique et financière selon J.M. Stern et G.B. Stewart, ainsi que socio-économique selon (Isaac & Kalika, s. d.). Tandis que les approches contemporaines intègrent une vision systémique de la performance en incluant la dimension organisationnelle, les approches traditionnelles se concentrent principalement sur l'aspect économique. Cette étude se concentre sur les défis liés au partage des connaissances métiers et son impact sur la performance organisationnelle dans le contexte de l'athlétisme au Maroc, mettant particulièrement l'accent sur le partage entre les acteurs. À l'aide d'une approche quantitative basée sur un raisonnement hypothético-déductif, nous avons utilisé un questionnaire informatisé via Google Forms pour interroger 120 organisations sportives affiliées à la Fédération Royale Marocaine d'Athlétisme. En exploitant le logiciel SPSS, les résultats indiquent une propension limitée au partage des connaissances métiers au sein de ces organisations, tout en révélant un impact positif significatif de ce partage sur leur performance. Cette recherche explore ainsi les liens complexes entre le partage des connaissances et la performance organisationnelle dans le domaine de l'athlétisme au Maroc, offrant des perspectives précieuses pour la gestion des connaissances et l'amélioration des performances au sein de ces entités sportives. |
| Keywords: | Knowledge sharing business knowledge organizational performance tacit and explicit knowledge sports organization. Classification JEL : Paper type: Empirical Research, Knowledge sharing, business knowledge, organizational performance, tacit and explicit knowledge, sports organization. Classification JEL : Paper type: Empirical Research |
| Date: | 2023–12–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04360442&r=sbm |
| By: | BELTRAN MIRALLES Manuel (European Commission - JRC); GOURDON Thomas (European Commission - JRC); SEIGNEUR Isabelle (European Commission - JRC); ARRANZ PADILLA Maria (European Commission - JRC); PICKARD GARCIA Nicolas (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | In its more common formulation in the European Union (EU) policy context, the ‘Do No Significant Harm’ (DNSH) principle aims to ensure that EU policies and programmes do not have a negative impact on the EU’s climate and environmental objectives. By doing this, the principle has transformed the ‘green oath’ from the European Green Deal into a reality applied by different EU initiatives. This study analyses the application of the DNSH principle in six EU instruments which have pioneered the use of the DNSH principle to integrate climate and environmental objectives in private finance and public funding: 1) the EU Taxonomy for sustainable activities; 2) the Recovery and Resilience Facility; 3) the European Regional Development Fund; 4) the Cohesion Fund; 5) the Just Transition Fund; and 6) the InvestEU Fund. The analysis maps the divergences in the way the DNSH principle is implemented across these EU instruments, identifying reasons that help to explain them. It also highlights existing interlinkages and commonalities in the application of the principle as well as the potential to build on the knowledge gained to develop common tools that could guide its implementation across EU instruments. Additionally, the implementation of the DNSH principle is starting to be applied in EU instruments extending beyond the current 2021-2027 policy cycle. In this context, the study suggests additional actions to take advantage of existing opportunities and to minimise potential risks. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc135691&r=sbm |
| By: | Köppl-Turyna, Monika; Köppl, Stefan; Christopulos, Dimitris |
| Abstract: | In this paper we analyze how different types of venture capital investments - private, public and indirect public - affect performance of "cleantech" start-ups in Europe. We hand collected a unique dataset on the institutional setting (public/indirect/private) of almost 15000 investors in Europe, which we combine with portfolio-company and deals data from Preqin to assess performance. Two results stand out: First, public venture capital does not underperform private venture capital in a broad crosscountry sample of European deals. This is a novel finding, as it doesn't confirm some previous findings in the literature that government-backed VCs underperform their private counterparts. We also find that there is no significant difference between direct and indirect government support of venture capital for cleantech investments. Second, GVCs perform well when they specialize in cleantech investments and are well connected within a network of other investors. |
| Keywords: | venture capital, governmental venture capital, European Investment Fund, public policy, green technology, cleantech |
| JEL: | G24 G28 H81 L26 D73 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ecoarp:280983&r=sbm |
| By: | SOLANO HERMOSILLA Gloria; ANTONIOLI Federico (European Commission - JRC); CIAIAN Pavel (European Commission - JRC); PINEDO GIL Julia; FERNANDEZ CASAL Laura |
| Abstract: | The European Green Deal and its farm-to-fork strategy have made food system sustainability an EU policy priority, with the aim of making the EU’s current food system fairer, healthier and more environmentally friendly. Notably, the farm-to-fork strategy highlights action areas for food supply chain operators, which give rise to both opportunities and challenges. Innovation in sustainability-enhancing products and practices is playing an increasingly important role in this transition to a sustainable food system; such innovation creates value for both companies and society and gives companies a competitive advantage. However, there is limited information on operator-level sustainability initiatives across the food supply chain. Importantly, to understand how regulations can effectively support this transition, policymakers must understand the drivers of and barriers to innovative sustainability initiatives. They must also be aware of how these initiatives work in practice and the expected implications and trade-offs in terms of the economic, social and environmental sustainability dimensions. This report attempts to bring together evidence on and provide a comparative assessment of sustainability innovation and innovative initiatives adopted by private operators in the EU food supply chain. The report’s analyses are based on microdata collected through an online survey of 426 representatives of EU food chain operators, industry associations and other related organisations. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc133931&r=sbm |
| By: | Marouane Nakhcha (laboratoire de recherche en sciences de gestion des organisations - ENCG Kenitra); Mamdouh Tlaty (laboratoire de recherche en sciences de gestion des organisations - ENCG Kenitra) |
| Abstract: | This article explores the complex interconnection between digitization, green finance, and economic sustainability, highlighting the transformative potential of digitization for a greener economy. Adopting a rigorous research methodology, we examine the foundations of digitization and green finance, identifying the challenges and opportunities inherent in their convergence. The principles and objectives of green finance, inspired by thinkers such as Zadek and Elkington, are confronted with the advances of digitization. Our theoretical analysis reveals complex synergies between digitization and green finance, highlighting their implications for transparency, market efficiency, impact measurement, investment diversification, and innovation. However, these synergies pose challenges such as data security and regulation, requiring a responsible approach. In examining the challenges of digitizing green finance, we highlight the contributions of renowned researchers such as Rob Bauer, Andreas G. F. Hoepner, and Ioannis Oikonomou. Data privacy and regulatory challenges emerge as significant obstacles to a successful transition to greener, more sustainable finance. Our four-step methodology offers a balanced analysis of technological and regulatory challenges, exploring theoretical perspectives and potential solutions. Experts such as Rob Bauer, Andreas G. F. Hoepner, Ioannis Oikonomou, and Carolyn M. Wilkins offer innovative strategies for overcoming these obstacles, emphasizing the importance of collaboration and proactive regulation. Our article contributes to understanding the relationship between digitization, green finance, and economic sustainability. Although the transition to green digital finance presents challenges, the theoretical recommendations offer promising avenues for a more responsible and innovative economy. Our analysis encourages ongoing reflection and determined action to build a more sustainable future. |
| Keywords: | Innovation, Green Finance, Economic Sustainability, Technological Challenges, Catalyst, Sustainable development |
| Date: | 2023–12–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04333883&r=sbm |
| By: | Haoyu Liu; Kim Hua Tan; Ajay Kumar (EM - emlyon business school); Sanjay Kumar Singh; Leanne Chung |
| Abstract: | "As a primarily synchronous social media form, social live streaming services offer real-time interaction between streamers and viewers, and among viewers. Users' value cocreation has become increasingly crucial for platform businesses to increase their competitive advantage. However, the previous studies using the microfoundations approach have only confirmed the employees' efforts to adopt technology as a way to achieve the firms' goals. In this article, we explore the microfoundations of external actors' (viewers and streamers) value cocreation on sports live streaming platforms (SLSPs). Taking China Sport as a case study, this article conducts netnography research with observations made of four live-streamed matches on the final matchday of the International Table Tennis Federation World Tour Grand Final 2019. In total, 16 204 real-time messages and 5540 gifting messages are reviewed. In-depth interviews are also conducted with 5 streamers and 15 viewers. As a result, a typology of viewers (managers, fans, and audiences) emerges, and five viewer–streamer–viewer value cocreation activities are revealed. Furthermore, the unique value-in-use among streamers and viewers in different activities is found. This study presents a model to show that the viewers' engagement and the value cocreation activities between viewers and streamers at a microlevel determines the value-in-use formation, which, in turn, contributes to the competitive advantages for SLSPs at a macrolevel. This study contributes to the existing literature on the engagement behavior and value cocreation by empirically examining the role of external actors' engagement as the microfoundations of value cocreation in the context of new social technologies—SLSPs." |
| Keywords: | service-dominant logic, microfoundations of value co-creation, sports live stream platforms, competitive advantages, sports viewing behaviour |
| Date: | 2022–09–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04325652&r=sbm |
| By: | Grimm Noh (Métis Lab EM Normandie - EM Normandie - École de Management de Normandie) |
| Abstract: | Creativity is becoming a necessary core competence in nearly all businesses today, and firms are striving to find ways to promote the creativity of employees. This study aimed to analyze the relationships between an individual actor's network characteristics and the actor's creativity. More specifically, this study assumed that actors qualitatively differentiate between their global and local networks depending on whether they perceive the other actors in the network as mere acquaintances or trusted persons to discuss life's important issues with. This study used large-scale survey data collected from South Korea to empirically analyze the hypothesized relationships between network characteristics and creativity. The empirical analysis of the survey data showed that the size and diversity of the global network were positively related to creativity. However, the positive effect of global network diversity decreased with an increase in the size of the network. In the local network, frequent interactions had a positive effect on creativity, while the diversity of the local network had a moderate negative effect on creativity. Implications for the creativity literature are discussed. |
| Keywords: | Creativity, Global network, Local network, Network size, Network diversity, Interaction frequency |
| Date: | 2022–04–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04316668&r=sbm |
| By: | Engberg, Erik (The Ratio Institute); Görg, Holger (Kiel Institute); Lodefalk, Magnus (The Ratio Institute); Javed, Farrukh (Lund University); Längkvist, Martin (Örebro University); Monteiro, Natália (The Ratio Institute); Kyvik Nordås, Hildegunn; Pulito, Giuseppe (Berlin School of Economics); Schroeder, Sarah (Aarhus University); Tang, Aili (None) |
| Abstract: | We unbox developments in artificial intelligence (AI) to estimate how exposure to these developments affect firm-level labour demand, using detailed register data from Denmark, Portugal and Sweden over two decades. Based on data on AI capabilities and occupational work content, We develop and validate a time-variant measure for occupational exposure to AI across subdomains of AI, including language modelling. According to our model, white collar occupations are most exposed to AI, and espe- cially white collar work that entails relatively little social interaction. We illustrate its usefulness by applying it to near-universal data on firms and individuals from Swe- den, Denmark, and Portugal, and estimating firm labour demand regressions. We find a positive (negative) association between AI exposure and labour demand for high- skilled white (blue) collar work. Overall, there is an up-skilling effect, with the share of white-collar to blue collar workers increasing with AI exposure. Exposure to AI within the subdomains of image and language are positively (negatively) linked to demand for high-skilled white collar (blue collar) work, whereas other AI-areas are heterogeneously linked to groups of workers. |
| Keywords: | Artificial intelligence; Labour demand; Multi-country firm-level evidence |
| JEL: | E24 J23 J24 N34 O33 |
| Date: | 2023–12–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:ratioi:0370&r=sbm |
| By: | Sven Kunisch (Aarhus University [Aarhus]); Julian Birkinshaw (London Business School); Michael Boppel; Kira Choi (EM - emlyon business school) |
| Abstract: | "We study strategic change as a visible and substantive action by examining the circumstances under which firms launch corporate change programs. Drawing on prior literature and corroborated by insights from interviews with executives, we propose a contingency perspective on the launch of corporate change programs (i.e. that different types of programs are launched under different circumstances). To do so, we combine arguments for three general motives for launching a corporate change program with two distinct types of corporate change programs. More specifically, we argue that firms are more likely to launch growth-oriented programs when the market situation is buoyant, when they have prior experience, and when they are underperforming. Furthermore, we argue that firms are more likely to launch efficiency-oriented programs when there is a new CEO, when they are underperforming, and when they are facing high levels of organizational complexity. To test our hypotheses regarding the motives for launching programs, we conducted a large-scale empirical study. Using hand-collected data for the European financial services and insurance industry over a ten-year period, we found support for our predictions. We discuss the implications of these findings for strategic change research." |
| Keywords: | Corporate change programs, Strategic change, Strategic initiative, Strategic agenda, Coordination, Complexity |
| Date: | 2023–12–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04325790&r=sbm |
| By: | Anne Carbonnel (CEREFIGE - Centre Européen de Recherche en Economie Financière et Gestion des Entreprises - UL - Université de Lorraine) |
| Abstract: | Innovation pédagogique au croisement de la sociocratie et de la communication nonviolente : apports croisés de la recherche et de la formation |
| Date: | 2023–06–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04326921&r=sbm |