|
on Small Business Management |
|
Issue of 2023‒02‒27
twenty papers chosen by João Carlos Correia Leitão Universidade da Beira Interior |
| By: | Daniela Bragoli (Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore - Milano); Flavia Cortelezzi (Insubria University - Como); Massimiliano Rigon (Bank of Italy) |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we investigate whether the cooperation with universities may stimulate the innovative performance of Italian firms. We use a dataset merging information from two different surveys carried out by the Bank of Italy between 2007 and 2010. We derive our results using a two-stage procedure with the aim of ruling out spurious correlations due to the existence of omitted variables. Results show that the cooperation with universities does not affect the likelihood of firms introducing technological innovations. However, when we distinguish between pure technological innovation outcomes (only new products and/or productive processes) and joint innovation outcomes, which involve both organizational and technological changes, we find that only the latter is positively stimulated by the cooperation with universities. These findings are promising since, according to the innovation management literature, joint innovation activities are more successful in transferring new ideas and new business opportunities into market success. |
| Keywords: | university cooperation, technological innovation, organizational innovation, control function |
| JEL: | C35 C36 O30 |
| Date: | 2023–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bdi:wptemi:td_1400_23&r=sbm |
| By: | Kang, Minsung (Korea Institute for Industrial Economics and Trade) |
| Abstract: | The CDM model, which is mainly utilized in analyses of manufacturing companies, has also been studied for service companies as interest in R&D and service industry innovation has increased. A case study of the CDM model based on the CIS or similar survey of the service industry can be found in Garcia-Pozo, A. et al (2018), De Fuentes, C. et al (2015) and Masso, J., Vahter, P. (2012). They found, using a CDM analysis of a CIS survey in Spain, Mexico and Estonia that investment in product innovation during innovation processes in service sector firms positively affects corporate productivity. But as of yet there are no empirical studies to analyze the performance of Korean service firms’ R&D through the CDM methodology. This work analyzes the performance of R&D at Korean firms through the CDM model. |
| Keywords: | service industry; service R&D; innovation performance |
| JEL: | L80 O32 |
| Date: | 2023–01–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:kieter:2019_014&r=sbm |
| By: | Zhiyuan Chen (School of Business, Renmin University of China); Minjie Deng (Department of Economics, Simon Fraser University); Min Fang (Department of Economics, University of Florida) |
| Abstract: | This paper documents that firms are increasingly financing innovation using their stock of innovation, measured as patents. We refer to this behavior as financing innovation with in- novation. Drawing on patent collateral data from both the US and China, we first show that (1) in both countries, the total number and share of patents pledged as collateral have been rising steadily, (2) Chinese firms employ patents as collateral on a smaller scale and with a lower intensity than US firms, (3) firms increase their borrowing and innovation after they start to use patent collateral. We then construct a heterogeneous firm general equilibrium model featuring idiosyncratic productivity risk, innovation capital investment, and borrow- ing constrained by patent collateral. The model emphasizes two barriers that hinder the use of patent collateral: high inspection costs and low liquidation values of patent assets. We parameterize the model to firm-level panel data in the US and China and find that both barriers are significantly more severe in China than in the US. Finally, counterfactual analyses show that the gains in innovation, output, and welfare from reducing the inspection costs in China to the US level are substantial, moreso than enhancing the liquidation value of patent assets. |
| JEL: | E22 G32 O31 O33 |
| Date: | 2022–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ufl:wpaper:002004&r=sbm |
| By: | Kim, Jisoo (Korea Institute for Industrial Economics and Trade) |
| Abstract: | Since the importance of innovation as a means of industrial development and economic growth has been emphasized, the region has played a key role as an appropriate spatial unit of innovation policy and a spatial scope in which connections and exchanges between innovators are more active. However, the rapidly changing industrial environment requires to redefine the direction of regional innovation policies and rethink their design. The main purpose of this study is to derive implications for promoting interaction between innovators and suggest policy directions. For this, we identify innovation networks in each region, analyze the status and characteristics of interactions in the networks, and diagnose the structure of relationships among innovation actors. |
| Keywords: | innovation; regional innovation; regional networks; innovation policy; Korea; COVID-19 |
| JEL: | O38 R58 |
| Date: | 2021–08–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:kieter:2021_014&r=sbm |
| By: | Chiappinelli, Olga; Giuffrida, Leonardo M.; Spagnolo, Giancarlo |
| Abstract: | Economics and innovation scholars have long recognized the potential of public procurement to trigger innovation. To what extent has this potential been realized so far? What can be done to improve the performance of PPI in this regard? This paper addresses these issues by providing a literature survey of research on public procurement of innovation (PPI). After categorizing PPI instruments, the paper discusses existing interdisciplinary knowledge to answer four broad questions: i) Does PPI spur innovation? ii) How should PPI be designed to best spur innovation? iii) What are the main barriers to implement PPI? iv) What is the role of PPI in the innovation policy mix? The paper concludes with a discussion of future research needs and policy insights in light of current global challenges. |
| Keywords: | innovation, public procurement, public policy, R&D, green purchases |
| JEL: | H23 H57 O30 O31 O32 O35 O36 O38 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:zewdip:23002&r=sbm |
| By: | Ann Hipp; Björn Jindra; Kehinde Medase |
| Abstract: | Former socialist systems were considered inferior to Western market economies in terms of innovation and productivity. We provide new evidence on the productivity effects of inventorship in the Soviet-type economy of the German Democratic Republic (GDR). We investigate three types of inventorship: knowledge generation, accumulation and diffusion. By applying a Cobb-Douglas production function using original primary and harmonized productivity data and manually cleaned patent data of the GDR between 1970 and 1989, we show that inventorship contributed to productivity in the industry sectors. This holds for knowledge generation, accumulation and diffusion in general, while in the presence of sufficient local interactive capabilities, international knowledge diffusion did not result in productivity gains. We contribute to empirical evidence on the productivity effects from an alternative system of patenting and innovation. |
| Keywords: | Soviet-type economy, productivity, inventorship, knowledge |
| JEL: | P23 L60 O14 |
| Date: | 2023–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:atv:wpaper:2301&r=sbm |
| By: | Christoph Görtz; Plutarchos Sakellaris; John D. Tsoukalas |
| Abstract: | We study how firms adjust their financial positions around the times when they undertake lumpy adjustments in capital or employment. Using U.S. firm level data, we document systematic patterns of cash and debt financing around lumpy adjustment, remarkably similar across capital and employment. Firm-specific fundamentals reflected in Tobin’s Q, profitability and productivity are leading indicators of the lumpy adjustment. Cash and debt capacity are actively manipulated, and contribute significantly quantitatively, to increase financial resources in anticipation of the expansion of firm capacity. Lumpy contractions in productive capacity follow years where firms reduce cash balances and hold above average levels of debt. During and after contractions, firms rebuild cash and reduce debt growth significantly in a concerted effort to restore financial resources by adjusting their productive operations. |
| Keywords: | Lumpy Adjustment, Firm Capital and Employment Dynamics, Leverage, Debt, Cash |
| JEL: | G30 G32 E32 |
| Date: | 2023–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:een:camaaa:2023-04&r=sbm |
| By: | Catão, Luis A. V. (Inter-American Development Bank); de Faria, Pedro (University of Groningen); Martins, António (ISEG); Portela, Miguel (University of Minho) |
| Abstract: | Using a new panel dataset of about 140 thousand Portuguese firms during 2006-2019, we measure the effects of globalization on firm-level performance along four dimensions: ownership of capital, employment of foreign-seasoned managers, and participation in export and import markets. Once at least one of these channels is active, firms are larger, less leveraged, employ better qualified workers, and pay higher hourly wages. We also uncover a pecking order of effects, with export-market participation having generally larger positive effects on productivity and negative effects on unit labor costs. All four channels interact, sometimes complementing, sometimes substituting one another. For instance, foreign ownership boosts exports at the extensive margin while being an importer and/or having a foreign-experienced manager help at the intensive margin; conversely, the marginal productivity gains of foreign-ownership are greatly reduced when the firm is already an exporter. Breaking down the effects of each channel by firm size, we show that smaller firms stand the most to gain from export market participation and foreign-ownership. |
| Keywords: | foreign direct investment, entrepreneurship, trade, productivity, wages, labor costs, leverage, firm size distribution |
| JEL: | D22 D24 F23 G34 J3 L20 M10 |
| Date: | 2023–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp15903&r=sbm |
| By: | Nathalie Greenan (LIRSA - Laboratoire interdisciplinaire de recherche en sciences de l'action - CNAM - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] - HESAM - HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université, CEET - Centre d'études de l'emploi et du travail - CNAM - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] - HESAM - HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université - M.E.N.E.S.R. - Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche - Ministère du Travail, de l'Emploi et de la Santé, TEPP - Travail, Emploi et Politiques Publiques - UPEM - Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Silvia Napolitano (LIRSA - Laboratoire interdisciplinaire de recherche en sciences de l'action - CNAM - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] - HESAM - HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université, CEET - Centre d'études de l'emploi et du travail - CNAM - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] - HESAM - HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université - M.E.N.E.S.R. - Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche - Ministère du Travail, de l'Emploi et de la Santé); Imad El Hamma (LIRSA - Laboratoire interdisciplinaire de recherche en sciences de l'action - CNAM - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] - HESAM - HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université, CEET - Centre d'études de l'emploi et du travail - CNAM - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] - HESAM - HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université - M.E.N.E.S.R. - Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche - Ministère du Travail, de l'Emploi et de la Santé, TEPP - Travail, Emploi et Politiques Publiques - UPEM - Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the effects of digitalisation and organisational practices on innovation in Europe, between 2010 and 2016. We analyse the cross-country and industry differences in firms' investments and capabilities to adopt and use new technologies and their effects on innovation outputs. Along with traditional drivers of innovation, such as R&D expenditure, two indicators are constructed. One encompasses direct measures of the adoption and use in enterprises of a set of digital technologies. The other measures the learning capacity of organisations, which captures the use of management tools and organisational practices concerned with the improvement of individual and organisational learning. Product, process, organisational and marketing innovations are identified as well as their combination in the company, in order to explore possible synergies between them. Empirical evidence is provided by a unique dataset based on the integration at the sector within country level of EU-wide employers' and employees' surveys: the Community Innovation Survey, the Community ICT usage and e-commerce in enterprises surveys (Eurostat) and the European Working Conditions Survey (Eurofound). The descriptive evidence shows that Digital technologies adoption and use is rapidly growing across Europe while the Learning capacity of organisations remains stagnant. By contrast, our results from the econometric analysis show that their interaction has positive effects on innovations. In particular, a mix of product/process innovations with organisational/marketing innovations rests on joint investments in R&D, digital technology adoption and use and learning capacity. |
| Abstract: | Cet article étudie les effets de la digitalisation et des pratiques organisationnelles sur l'innovation en Europe, entre 2010 et 2016. Les différences entre pays et secteurs en matière d'investissements et de capacités des entreprises à adopter et à utiliser les nouvelles technologies sont analysées ainsi que les effets des technologies numériques sur les innovations. En plus des moteurs traditionnels de l'innovation, tels que les dépenses de R&D, deux indicateurs sont construits. L'un englobe des mesures directes de l'adoption et de l'utilisation par les entreprises d'un ensemble de technologies numériques. L'autre mesure la capacité d'apprentissage de l'organisation, prenant en compte l'utilisation d'outils de gestion et de pratiques organisationelles visant à améliorer l'apprentissage individuel et organisationnel. Les innovations de produit, de procédé, organisationelles et marketing sont identifiées ainsi que leur combinaison dans l'entreprise, afin d'explorer les éventuelles synergies quelles entretiennent entre elles. L'analyse empirique mobilise un ensemble de données unique, reposant sur l'intégration au niveau des secteurs au sein des pays de plusieurs enquêtes couvrant l'Union Européenne (UE) et conduites auprès des employeurs d'une part, des salariés d'autres part : l'enquête communautaire sur l'innovation (Eurostat), l'enquête sur l'utilisation des TIC et le commerce électronique dans les entreprises (Eurostat) et l'enquête européenne sur les conditions de travail (Eurofound). Les statistiques descriptives montrent que l'adoption et l'utilisation des technologies numériques augmentent rapidement en Europe alors que la capacité d'apprentissage des organisations stagne. L'analyse économétrique montre cependant que leur interaction a des effets positifs sur les innovations. En particulier, la combinaison d'innovations de produit/procédé et d'innovations organisationelle/marketing repose sur des investissements conjoints dans la R&D, l'adoption et l'utilisation des technologies numériques et la capacité d'apprentissage. |
| Keywords: | Digital technologies, learning capacity, innovation, knowledge production function, data integration of employers’ and employees’ surveys |
| Date: | 2022–12–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-03941735&r=sbm |
| By: | Ufuk Akcigit; Harun Alp; André Diegmann; Nicolas Serrano-Velarde |
| Abstract: | We study the implications of employment targets on firm dynamics during the privatization of the East German economy. Exploiting novel contract-level data, we document three stylized facts. First, the policy distorted firm size choices and generated bunching of firms around their committed employment target. Second, exploiting heterogeneous labor preferences of privatizers, we how that assigning tight commitments to firms causes an increase in employment growth and leads to higher productivity growth. Finally, tighter commitments also result in significant costs by leading to increased firm exit. We interpret these results through the lens of a dynamic model with endogenous productivity growth at the firm level. The model highlights that while tight commitments distort the employment decision statically and lead to a higher exit probability, they also induce a “catch-up” increase in productivity growth. This is because although firm profits are lower under tight commitments, marginal profits with respect to productivity are higher. We calibrate the model to our data and find that the policy lead to a 3 percentage points higher aggregate TFP growth thanks to the productivity improvements of firms with tight contracts. |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:igi:igierp:685&r=sbm |
| By: | Malo Mofakhami (LIRSA - Laboratoire interdisciplinaire de recherche en sciences de l'action - CNAM - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] - HESAM - HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université, CEET - Centre d'études de l'emploi et du travail - CNAM - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] - HESAM - HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université - M.E.N.E.S.R. - Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche - Ministère du Travail, de l'Emploi et de la Santé, CEPN - Centre d'Economie de l'Université Paris Nord - LABEX ICCA - UP13 - Université Paris 13 - Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3 - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UPCité - Université Paris Cité - Université Sorbonne Paris Nord - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Université Sorbonne Paris Nord) |
| Abstract: | This article contributes to better understanding the relations between innovation and the evolution of working conditions and employment quality. Most studies on employment and innovation focus on the impacts of innovation on employment variation and turnover. However, few empirical works explicitly study the transformative role of new technology adoption in the qualitative dimensions of jobs. This article investigates the effect of new technology adoption on job quality and working conditions. Based on the European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) (2010), econometrics models identify at employee-level the combined influence of innovation with work organization practises on several job quality dimensions. We observe that new technology adoption is generally associated with better employment quality for workers in some ways, but, simultaneously, it leads to higher physical constraints and work-time intensity. Furthermore, our study highlights the heterogeneity of innovation diffusion effects according to work organization's practices. Our results suggest that more consideration should be given to the impact of technology diffusion on job quality. The increasing constraints on working conditions from innovation and information and communication technology use call for regulation setting. This article is an original contribution in answering the claims for more in-depth research on the links between employment variation and work transformations due to technological change. |
| Date: | 2021–07–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03282887&r=sbm |
| By: | Fatica, Serena (European Commission); Katay, Gabor (European Commission); Rancan, Michela (Universita Politecnica delle Marche) |
| Abstract: | Combining a rich database on natural hazards, granular flood risk maps and detailed information on firm geolocalisation, we study the dynamic impacts of floods on European manufacturing firms during the period 2007-2018. We find that water damages significantly and persistently worsen firm performance, and may endanger their survival. An average flood deteriorates total assets by about 2% in the year after the event, and up to 5% seven years out. The drop in sales and employment is comparable. We show how reallocation of economic activity within flooded regions can reconcile our results with the 'creative destruction' hypothesis proposed by the natural disaster literature. |
| Keywords: | natural disasters, floods, climate risk, firm performance, panel local projections |
| JEL: | D22 Q54 R11 |
| Date: | 2022–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jrs:wpaper:202213&r=sbm |
| By: | Amelia, Aisyah Nanda |
| Abstract: | Pameran bisnis atau expo yang diselenggarakan oleh Binus Malang dan diikuti oleh mahasiswa fakultas entrepreneurship business creation study program. Acara ini diadakan di Malang Town Square pada tanggal 11-13 November 2022. Tema yang diangkat adalah elebrate Creativity and Innovation with Binus Young Entrepreneurs”. Berkaitan dengan tema tersebut acara ini memang diikuti oleh anak-anak muda dari Binus Malang untuk memperkenalkan bisnis mereka kepada masyarakat. Event ini merupakan wadah bagi mereka yang sudah memiliki bisnis untuk menarik awareness masyarakat. Selain pameran bisnis, acara tersebut juga dimeriahkan oleh penambilan band dari mahasiswa Binus Malang. |
| Date: | 2023–01–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:2jdah&r=sbm |
| By: | Yang, Hyun Bong (Korea Institute for Industrial Economics and Trade) |
| Abstract: | The Korean economy faces serious difficulties in the global economic recession due to the COVID-19 pandemic (a global pandemic). The government is actively responding to COVID-19, including supporting emergency disaster subsidies for all citizens and promoting a Korean-style New Deal. In order to minimize the impact of corporate restructuring due to the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic going forward and see the Korean economy take a leap forward, it is most important to create quality jobs by activating venture startups in new technologies and new industries. To this end, measures to resolve the funding shortage faced by venture startups (identified as such firms’ biggest hurdle) should be prepared. This paper proposes a serious of measures to promote technology-knowledge-intensive start-ups through private venture capital (VC), it is necessary to prepare a plan to revitalize angel investment, which plays an important role in the stage prior to VC investment. |
| Keywords: | angel investment; venture business; start-ups; venture capital; startup funding; Korea; COVID-19 |
| JEL: | H25 L25 M13 |
| Date: | 2021–06–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:kieter:2021_008&r=sbm |
| By: | Kenza Benhima (Department of Economics, University of Lausanne); Omar Chafik (Bank Al-Maghrib); Min Fang (Department of Economics, University of Florida); Wenxia Tang (Department of Economics, University of Lausanne) |
| Abstract: | We study the effect of working capital loan guarantee programs on firm growth and their aggregate implications. Using a Moroccan firm-level dataset, we show that firms with guaranteed short-term loans (i) decrease their cash ratio, (ii) expand their production scale homogeneously and persistently, and that (iii) participation in the guarantee program is humped- shaped in firm size. We rationalize these findings in a heterogeneous-firm model with collateral and working capital constraints. First, we show that while relaxing collateral constraints on short-term loans always has a positive short-term effect on firm growth as firms reallocate cash to capital, persistent effects on firm scale depend on the existence and size of intertemporal distortions. Second, the combination of a flat fixed participation cost and size-dependent collateral constraints explain the non-monotonous participation rate. The interaction of the collateral constraint with these two frictions is crucial to determine the aggregate effect of a loan guarantee program. We parameterize the model to our Moroccan firm-level data. We show that the growth and welfare gains of expanding credit guarantee programs through a higher guaranteed amount or a lower participation cost are substantial, with the former generating relatively more growth while also increasing participation. |
| JEL: | E22 E27 E44 G28 G38 |
| Date: | 2022–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ufl:wpaper:002003&r=sbm |
| By: | Dugoua, Eugenie; Dumas, Marion |
| Abstract: | Previous studies have modeled green technological change as innovations in the process of production (e.g., abatement technologies or energy sources). But greening the economy also requires changing products. The automotive industry, for example, needs to massively deploy alternative-fuel vehicles. Product manufacturing occurs within supply-chain networks, and developing new products typically requires complementary investments by suppliers. We study the incentives for green product innovation in industrial networks and how policies can affect them. We follow the industrial organization theory of product differentiation, and model green product innovations as upgrades in product quality where inputs from suppliers are essential for upgrading quality. We show that suppliers can be innovation bottlenecks and render policy instruments less effective. We provide an explicit mechanism for the role of institutions that help actors coordinate on the long-term direction of innovation. We discuss how our results help organize several findings from case studies in the automotive industry. |
| Keywords: | green products; innovation; production networks; buyer-supplier relationships; supply chains |
| JEL: | Q55 Q58 L52 O31 |
| Date: | 2021–05–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:108570&r=sbm |
| By: | Aliyu Muhammad Nasir (Tunku Puteri Intan Shafinaz School of Accountancy, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia. Author-2-Name: Ifa Rizad Mustapa Author-2-Workplace-Name: Tunku Puteri Intan Shafinaz School of Accountancy, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia. Author-3-Name: Kashan Pirzada Author-3-Workplace-Name: Tunku Puteri Intan Shafinaz School of Accountancy, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia. Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | " Objective - This study conceptually examines a link between corporate governance, intellectual capital disclosure, and firm performance. With the support of signaling theory, this paper develops propositions for the relationship among corporate governance, intellectual capital disclosure, and firm performance. Methodology/Technique - The development and conclusion of this discursive paper as a conceptual one point out the possible relationship among corporate governance, intellectual capital disclosure, and firm performance. The underlying methodology of institutional discourse and integration with dynamic parameters is formalized. Findings - The results of the conceptual framework of this paper on corporate governance are contrasted with the approach to corporate governance in mainstream literature. Also examined is the theoretical and philosophical background of corporate governance, intellectual capital disclosure, and firm performance. Novelty - Although the importance of intellectual capital to firm performance is well established, the triple relationship between the board nomination and governance committee and the board remuneration committee, intellectual capital disclosure, and firm performance is exposed based on the effect of one on another. Type of Paper - Empirical." |
| Keywords: | Corporate Governance, Intellectual Capital Disclosure, Nomination Committee, and Firm Performance. |
| JEL: | M40 M41 M49 |
| Date: | 2022–12–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:afr219&r=sbm |
| By: | Miroslav Gabrovski (University of Hawaii); Mario Rafael Silva (Hong Kong Baptist University) |
| Abstract: | The Diamond-Mortensen-Pissarides model implies a nearly perfect correlation between labor productivity and unemployment/vacancies, yet the relationship in the data is mild. We show that incorporating sunk entry costs and vacancy creation in an otherwise standard setup can reconcile the discrepancy. Sunk costs cause vacancies to be a positively valued, predetermined variable. If the destruction shock is infrequent, then most vacancies were created in the past, and hence the number of vacancies in the market correlate more closely with past than current labor productivity. Provided the destruction shock is calibrated to match either micro-level evidence on product destruction and firm exit rates or commonly used values in the growth literature, the model reproduces the empirically observed mild correlation between productivity and unemployment without breaking the strong negative co-movement between unemployment and vacancies. |
| Keywords: | job destruction, entry costs, unemployment, aggregate fluctuations |
| JEL: | E24 E32 J63 J64 |
| Date: | 2023–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hai:wpaper:202301&r=sbm |
| By: | Jordan, David |
| Abstract: | Northern Ireland's productivity performance has persistently been the worst of any UK region. This is despite having the apparent benefit of subnational industrial policy since the 1920s. Can institutions - through the interaction between business and local policymakers - explain this longstanding productivity gap? Existing literature focuses on post-war policy in Northern Ireland, but neglects its interwar origins. Using new comparisons of regional and sectoral industrial productivity, and new archival evidence for Stormont's interwar industrial policy, demonstrates regional institutions created barriers to productivity growth, restricting the development of new industries in Northern Ireland. Further UK devolution will not automatically promote regional convergence: its success will depend upon the institutional incentives faced by subnational policymakers. |
| Keywords: | productivity, industrial policy, institutions, devolution, interwar manufacturing |
| JEL: | H20 N64 O43 R50 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:qucehw:202304&r=sbm |
| By: | Nathalie Greenan (LIRSA - Laboratoire interdisciplinaire de recherche en sciences de l'action - CNAM - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] - HESAM - HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université, CEET - Centre d'études de l'emploi et du travail - CNAM - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] - HESAM - HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université - M.E.N.E.S.R. - Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche - Ministère du Travail, de l'Emploi et de la Santé, TEPP - Travail, Emploi et Politiques Publiques - UPEM - Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Silvia Napolitano (LIRSA - Laboratoire interdisciplinaire de recherche en sciences de l'action - CNAM - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] - HESAM - HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université, CEET - Centre d'études de l'emploi et du travail - CNAM - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] - HESAM - HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université - M.E.N.E.S.R. - Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche - Ministère du Travail, de l'Emploi et de la Santé); Imad El Hamma (LIRSA - Laboratoire interdisciplinaire de recherche en sciences de l'action - CNAM - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] - HESAM - HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université, CEET - Centre d'études de l'emploi et du travail - CNAM - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] - HESAM - HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université - M.E.N.E.S.R. - Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche - Ministère du Travail, de l'Emploi et de la Santé, TEPP - Travail, Emploi et Politiques Publiques - UPEM - Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Cet article étudie les effets de la digitalisation et des pratiques organisationnelles sur l'innovation en Europe, entre 2010 et 2016. Les différences entre pays et secteurs en matière d'investissements et de capacités des entreprises à adopter et à utiliser les nouvelles technologies sont analysées ainsi que les effets des technologies numériques sur les innovations. En plus des moteurs traditionnels de l'innovation, tels que les dépenses de R&D, deux indicateurs sont construits. L'un englobe des mesures directes de l'adoption et de l'utilisation par les entreprises d'un ensemble de technologies numériques. L'autre mesure la capacité d'apprentissage de l'organisation, prenant en compte l'utilisation d'outils de gestion et de pratiques organisationelles visant à améliorer l'apprentissage individuel et organisationnel. Les innovations de produit, de procédé, organisationelles et marketing sont identifiées ainsi que leur combinaison dans l'entreprise, afin d'explorer les éventuelles synergies quelles entretiennent entre elles. L'analyse empirique mobilise un ensemble de données unique, reposant sur l'intégration au niveau des secteurs au sein des pays de plusieurs enquêtes couvrant l'Union Européenne (UE) et conduites auprès des employeurs d'une part, des salariés d'autres part : l'enquête communautaire sur l'innovation (Eurostat), l'enquête sur l'utilisation des TIC et le commerce électronique dans les entreprises (Eurostat) et l'enquête européenne sur les conditions de travail (Eurofound). Les statistiques descriptives montrent que l'adoption et l'utilisation des technologies numériques augmentent rapidement en Europe alors que la capacité d'apprentissage des organisations stagne. L'analyse économétrique montre cependant que leur interaction a des effets positifs sur les innovations. En particulier, la combinaison d'innovations de produit/procédé et d'innovations organisationelle/marketing repose sur des investissements conjoints dans la R&D, l'adoption et l'utilisation des technologies numériques et la capacité d'apprentissage. |
| Keywords: | Technologies numériques, capacité d'apprentissage, Innovation, Fonction de production de connaissances, intégration des données des enquêtes auprès des employeurs et des salariés |
| Date: | 2022–12–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-03941324&r=sbm |