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on Project, Program and Portfolio Management |
| By: | Philippe Robert-Tanguy (IRG - Institut de Recherche en Gestion - UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 - Université Gustave Eiffel, GRIPIC - Groupe de recherches interdisciplinaires sur les processus d’information et de communication - SU - Sorbonne Université) |
| Abstract: | The development of leadership is a priority for corporate management. Leadership development programs typically promote models built around "one" leader, and tend to give a vision of an "ideal" leader. "Post-heroic" leadership theories have emerged, such as "distributed leadership", but they are mainly studied in terms of their effects, with too little focus on their implementation. Based on a collaborative research project conducted in a research institute, this article focuses on the emergence and appropriation of distributed leadership (DL). We propose a model of DL centered around nine roles. This research and its results allow us to discuss the elements that favor the development of distributed leadership in organizations, particularly by constructing an approach more focused on leadership rather than on individual leaders. |
| Abstract: | Le développement du leadership fait partie des priorités des directions d'entreprise. Les programmes de développement du leadership promeuvent généralement des modèles construits sur « un » leader, et ont tendance à donner une vision d'un leader « idéal ». Si des approches d'un leadership « post-héroïque » se sont développées, notamment celle du « leadership distribué », celles-ci sont surtout étudiées sous l'angle de leurs effets, et trop peu de leur mise en œuvre. En nous appuyant sur une recherche-collaborative dans un institut de recherche, nous nous intéressons dans cet article à l'émergence et à l'appropriation du « leadership distribué » (LD). Nous proposons une modélisation du LD autour de neuf rôles. Cette recherche et ses résultats nous permettent de discuter des éléments favorisant le développement d'un leadership distribué dans les organisations, notamment en construisant une démarche plus focalisée sur le leadership que sur les leaders. |
| Keywords: | Leadership Development, Distributed Leadership, Sociology of Organizations, Research Management, Scientific Research, Science, Développement du leadership, Leadership distribué, Sociologie des organisations, Management de la recherche, Recherche scientifique |
| Date: | 2024–12–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04843617 |
| By: | Elizabeth Webster (Melbourne Institute: Applied Economic & Social Research, University of Melbourne); Alfons Palangkaraya (Centre for Transformative Innovation, Swinburne University of Technology); Paul H. Jensen (Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Melbourne); Russell Thomson (Centre for Transformative Innovation, Swinburne University of Technology) |
| Abstract: | We quantify how competitive funding programs that promote university-industry (U-I) research partnerships affect firm performance. To do this, we estimate staggered difference-indifference models using data from more than 5, 000 funded and unfunded Australian Research Council Linkage Project grant applications from 2002 until 2015. Our results show grant funding led to a 12 percent increase in employment over a five-year period with both employment and turnover trending upward relative to untreated firms over our five-year posttreatment window. |
| Keywords: | university, industry, research, collaboration |
| JEL: | O31 O32 O34 |
| Date: | 2024–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iae:iaewps:wp2024n14 |
| By: | Navarro, Adoracion M. |
| Abstract: | If designed and implemented well, public-private partnership (PPP) projects can fill the gaps in the public provision of infrastructure facilities and social services at the subnational level. The more than three decades of implementing subnational PPPs in the Philippines have highlighted many challenges, partly due to capacity gaps at the subnational level and fragmentation in previous legal frameworks. This fragmentation was characterized by varying and inconsistent local legislative council ordinances on PPPs and joint ventures for local government units, as well as nationally designed joint venture guidelines for water districts. The policy environment has evolved from being fragmented to having a legal framework that unifies the various policy approaches of subnational entities. Going forward, the new PPP Code can help subnational government entities be more judicious in entering into new PPP contracts. However, some ongoing and newly awarded contracts still have unresolved issues. One possible solution is contract redesign or amendment when the existing contract is burdensome to end-users or has the potential to make them unnecessarily bear a significant portion of project performance risks. This is permitted under Section 19 of the new PPP Code. Moreover, execution-level policymaking should continue, such as updating joint memorandum circulars, revising manuals and guidelines, updating PPP Governing Board policies, and creating new policies for maximizing commercial value capture or land value capture. To address knowledge and capacity gaps, new technical assistance support for capacity building must be established. A community of practice should also be nurtured. Lastly, the promotion of subnational PPPs in sectors where the PPP program can be expanded should be pursued. Comments on this paper are welcome within 60 days from the date of posting. Email publications@pids.gov.ph. |
| Keywords: | subnational public-private partnerships;PPP Code;PPP policy framework;PPP pipeline;contract design;regulation by contract;public-private partnership |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:phd:dpaper:dp_2024-43 |
| By: | Quimba, Francis Mark A.; Moreno, Neil Irwin S.; Salazar, Alliah Mae C. |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the current state of artificial intelligence (AI) adoption in Philippine businesses and industries, analyzing the barriers to adoption and evaluating the government's role in fostering AI-driven industrial development. Through an analysis of various AI readiness indices and case studies, the research finds that while basic digital infrastructure is widespread, with 90.8 percent of establishments having computers and 81 percent having internet access, advanced technology adoption remains limited. Only 14.9 percent of firms use AI technologies, with adoption concentrated in urban areas and larger firms, particularly in the ICT and BPO sectors. The study identifies key barriers including limited digital infrastructure, low awareness of AI technologies, significant skills gaps, and insufficient funding opportunities. Drawing from economic theory and international case studies, the paper outlines three critical domains for government intervention: market facilitation, capability building, and ecosystem coordination. The research proposes policy recommendations focusing on infrastructure development, human capital development, regulatory frameworks, public-private partnerships, and ethical guidelines. These recommendations emphasize the need for coordinated action across government agencies, substantial investment in digital infrastructure and education, and the establishment of clear governance frameworks to ensure responsible AI adoption while fostering innovation and competitiveness in the Philippine business sector. Comments on this paper are welcome within 60 days from the date of posting. Email publications@pids.gov.ph. |
| Keywords: | artificial intelligence;AI policy;industrial policy;AI adoption |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:phd:dpaper:dp_2024-35 |
| By: | Jamaledini, Ashkan; Bayat, Alireza |
| Abstract: | In recent years, sustainable development has emerged as a cornerstone of global development efforts, emphasizing ecological preservation alongside economic growth. Developed countries have long prioritized sustainable practices, integrating environmental conservation, resource management, and social equity into their policies. This commitment addresses critical global challenges, including climate change and resource depletion, while striving to balance growth and ecological preservation. Oil-rich nations in the Persian Gulf, such as Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Qatar, are also advancing sustainability by diversifying their economies and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. These countries are leveraging their renewable energy potential to transition towards cleaner energy systems. Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 aims to generate 50% of its energy from renewable sources by 2030, with significant investments in solar and wind projects. The UAE leads with initiatives like the Mohammed bin Rashid Solar Park and Barakah Nuclear Power Plant, while Qatar invests heavily in solar technologies. These efforts highlight how clean energy technologies and sustainable strategies foster innovation, environmental preservation, and economic diversification. By adopting renewable energy, Gulf nations exemplify how sustainability can drive a greener future. Together, global efforts underscore the shared responsibility of ensuring a sustainable world for future generations. |
| Keywords: | Sustainable development, Development studies, Environmental preservation; Developed countries; Policy frameworks; National agendas; Environmental protection. |
| JEL: | A1 A10 Q0 Q4 Q40 Q47 |
| Date: | 2024–12–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:123077 |
| By: | Peters, Ferdinand; Kempe, Andreas; Kübler, Daniel; Günter, Sven; Neumeier, Stefan |
| Abstract: | Madagascar's forests are known for their rich biodiversity, and they are home to numerous endemic plant and animal species. However, these ecosystems face significant threats from human activities, leading to deforestation and forest degradation. Effective conservation efforts must focus on both protecting the remaining natural forests and restoring those already destroyed. To address these challenges, the Thünen Institute of Forestry, in collaboration with the German Society for International Cooperation (GIZ), conducted the project "Analysis of forest management and reforestation potential in the regions of Boeny and DIANA in Madagascar" (AFOB). The project analysed deforestation and forest degradation along with their drivers, and evaluated the success of reforestation programs implemented over the past decades. These past programs sought to foster sustainable charcoal production practices, thereby reducing reliance on natural forests. To achieve these objectives, we used a spatial analysis approach that relied on open-access remote sensing data products. For natural forests, we identified when and where potential forest degradation and deforestation occurred and demonstrated forest fragmentation dynamics, differentiating between protected and non-protected areas. Our findings revealed that between 2000-2023, deforestation and forest degradation have increased substantially, with degradation having been a more significant issue in the past than previously understood. Key drivers include the conversion of forests into agricultural land, fire, illegal charcoal production, and the illegal extraction of valuable timber. We showed that over the last two decades, cropland has expanded significantly, with an even faster rate of increase in recent years. Our findings suggest that deforestation and forest degradation should be viewed as distinct but interrelated threats, each driven by different underlying processes that require tailored strategies, respectively. In the reforestation areas, crown cover was initially low during the first rotation but showed an upward trend over the analysed period. However, more than half of the plots did not develop crown cover exceeding 20%, suggesting that they did not reach their full ecological potential. In a subsequent analysis, we found that environmental factors, such as topography and soil, consistently influenced crown cover development across regions and programs, while the influence of socio-economic factors varied by program and region. However, these factors had only a weak overall influence on crown cover. In contrast, our analysis suggested that unaccounted plot-level factors, which we could not include due to data limitations, had a significant impact on crown cover variation. These factors could potentially include initial planting densities, survival rates, presence of remnant vegetation, fire management, and management objectives of the landowner, though their exact nature remains speculative. This indicates that a uniform reforestation approach is ineffective; instead, site-specific adaptive management is crucial for success. In an additional analysis, we identified suitable areas with potentially high growth rates for reforestation, which can guide future restoration initiatives with a stronger focus on site-specific planning. The insights gained from the AFOB project will assist GIZ in planning and implementing targeted reforestation and conservation initiatives, ultimately supporting the preservation of Madagascar's unique ecosystems and maintaining ecological integrity. |
| Abstract: | Die Wälder Madagaskars sind für ihre hohe biologische Vielfalt bekannt und beherbergen zahlreiche endemische Pflanzen- und Tierarten. Diese Ökosysteme sind jedoch stark durch menschliche Aktivitäten bedroht, die zu Abholzung und Walddegradierung führen. Wirksame Naturschutzmaßnahmen müssen sich sowohl auf den Erhalt der verbleibenden natürlichen Wälder als auch auf die Wiederherstellung bereits zerstörter Wälder konzentrieren. Zur Bewältigung dieser Herausforderungen führte das Thünen-Institut für Waldwirtschaft in Zusammenarbeit mit der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) das Projekt 'Analyse des Waldbewirtschaftungs- und Wiederaufforstungspotenzials in den Regionen Boeny und DIANA in Madagaskar (AFOB)" durch. Das Projekt analysierte die Entwaldung und Walddegradierung sowie deren Ursachen und den Erfolg von Wiederaufforstungsprogrammen, die in den letzten Jahrzehnten durchgeführt wurden. Diese Programme zielten darauf ab, nachhaltige Praktiken für die Holzkohlegewinnung zu fördern und so die Abhängigkeit von natürlichen Wäldern zu reduzieren. Um die Projektziele zu erreichen, verwendeten wir einen räumlichen Analyseansatz, der auf frei zugänglichen Fernerkundungsprodukten basierte. Für Naturwälder haben wir ermittelt, wann und wo potenzielle Walddegradierung und Entwaldung erfolgten und die Dynamik der Waldfragmentierung aufgezeigt. Dabei haben wir zwischen geschützten und nicht geschützten Waldgebieten unterschieden. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Entwaldung und Walddegradierung zwischen 2000 und 2023 erheblich zugenommen haben, und dass die Degradierung in der Vergangenheit ein größeres Ausmaß hatte als bisher angenommen. Zu den Hauptursachen gehören die Umwandlung von Wäldern in landwirtschaftliche Flächen, Waldbrände, illegale Holzkohleproduktion und der illegale Einschlag wertvoller Bäume. Wir konnten zeigen, dass sich die Ackerflächen in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten deutlich ausweiteten, wobei die Zuwachsrate in den letzten Jahren nochmals anstieg. Unsere Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass Entwaldung und Walddegradierung als unterschiedliche, aber miteinander verknüpfte Bedrohungen betrachtet werden sollten, denen jeweils spezifische Prozesse zugrunde liegen, die angepasste Strategien erfordern. In den Wiederaufforstungsflächen war die Überschirmung während der ersten Umtriebszeit zunächst gering, zeigte aber über den Untersuchungszeitraum hinweg eine steigende Tendenz. Auf mehr als der Hälfte der Flächen blieb der Überschirmungsgrad jedoch unter 20 %, was darauf hinweist, dass das volle ökologische Potenzial nicht ausgeschöpft wurde. Eine weitergehende Analyse zeigte, dass Umweltfaktoren wie Topografie und Bodentypen die Entwicklung des Überschirmungsgrads in allen Regionen und Programmen ähnlich beeinflussten, während der Einfluss sozioökonomischer Faktoren je nach Programm und Region variierte. Diese Faktoren hatten jedoch insgesamt nur einen geringen Einfluss auf die Überschirmung. Im Gegensatz dazu deuten unsere Ergebnisse darauf hin, dass flächenspezifische kleinräumige Faktoren, die wir aufgrund eingeschränkter Datenverfügbarkeit nicht in die Analyse einbezogen werden konnten, signifikant zur Variation der Überschirmung beitrugen. Zu diesen Faktoren, deren genaue Natur spekulativ bleibt, könnten z.B. anfängliche Bepflanzungsdichten, Überlebensraten, Vorhandensein von Restvegetation, Feuermanagement und Bewirtschaftungsziele des Landbesitzers gehören. Dies deutet darauf hin, dass ein einheitlicher Wiederaufforstungsansatz ineffektiv ist; für den Erfolg ist vielmehr ein standortspezifisches, adaptives Management entscheidend. In einer zusätzlichen Analyse haben wir geeignete Gebiete mit potenziell hohen Wachstumsraten für die Wiederaufforstung identifiziert, die als Orientierungshilfe für künftige Wiederherstellungsinitiativen dienen können, in denen standortspezifische Planung eine größere Rolle spielt. |
| Keywords: | deforestation, forest degradation, remote sensing, reforestation, forest landscapes, Entwaldung, Walddegradierung, Fernerkundung, Wiederaufforstung, Waldlandschaften |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:jhtiwp:307127 |
| By: | Hugo Oriola; Jamel Saadaoui |
| Abstract: | This research investigates the intricate dynamics between the catalytic and inhibitory effects of projects financed by international institutions and geopolitical interests. Thanks to the construction of a monthly dataset, we first examine the impact of the approval of a project financed by one out of five international institutions on the global macroeconomic situation on non-permanent members of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC). In particular, we study the potential catalytic effect or inhibitory effect of the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank, the European Investment Bank, and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank. We underline the existence of a catalytic effect and an inhibitory effect in non-permanent members of the UNSC that can significantly impact national macroeconomic situations in a positive or negative way. Second, we contribute to the literature by emphasizing the importance of the country's geopolitical preferences in the existence and nature of the catalytic effect. We measure these geopolitical preferences through the distance between one country's ideal point in the United Nations General Assembly and the ideal points of UNSC permanent members session after session. |
| Keywords: | International institutions, United Nations, Geopolitical preferences, Catalytic effect, Inhibitory effect |
| JEL: | D78 F30 F42 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:drm:wpaper:2025-3 |
| By: | Gerresheim, Nils; Krahé, Max |
| Abstract: | The US semiconductor company Intel is planning to build two ultra-modern chip factories near Magdeburg. This project was promised the largest industrial policy subsidy that the German government has ever approved for an individual company: almost 10 billion euros. Is this money well-spent? To answer this question, we developed guidelines for the evaluation of government investments (BESTInvest). This paper sets out these guidelines and applies them to Intel-Magdeburg. Our conclusion is that the subsidy is controversial. Although learning curve-, cluster- and innovation effects can create path dependencies in semiconductor production, there are uncertainties surrounding the size of these effects, and the impact of a single subsidy is likely to be moderate. Accordingly, it remains unclear whether the support would suffice to make Intel-Magdeburg competitive in the long term. In addition, relatively few jobs would be created, in a local labour market where there is currently a shortage of skilled workers. This calls into question the effects of the project on the regional and wider economy. In addition to economic factors, there are also relevant climate and sovereignty factors, which are positive but moderate. The over-all assessment therefore depends on the respective weights given to individual factors, as well as, if necessary, on the willingness to promote cluster formation and the competitiveness of the semiconductor industry in Germany and Magdeburg with further measures. |
| Keywords: | intel-magdeburg, semiconductors, industrialpolicy |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:dzimps:307093 |