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on Project, Program and Portfolio Management |
| By: | Denisa Maria Vilceanu (National School of Political and Administrative Studies, Bucharest, Romania) |
| Abstract: | The main objective of e-government is to reduce bureaucracy, provide a framework for debate and decision on the main initiatives, measures and projects on debureaucratization and ensure coherence in the implementation of the e-government policy proposal. Among the objectives of e-government we mention: increasing the cost efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the public services, provided ensuring access to official information through WEB pages, optimizing the use of material and human resources, as well as the time required to provide services providing public services through electronic means for citizens and the business environment, improving relations between the public sector and citizens, simplification of administrative procedures improving public services, development of state information infrastructure. There are many supports for electronic administration. We often think first of the Internet (web services on a computer or mobile phone), but an eGovernment project can rely on any form of telematics, such as near field communication, Bluetooth and/or radio-frequency identification technology, as well as electronic voting procedures, or even video surveillance, which can converge with data processing, database building and biometric facial recognition methods. The term "e-government" emerged around the 1990s with the advent of the Internet. (Castells 2000, 372). In 1998, the launch in France of the government's action programme for the information society is characteristic of the launch of a national drive to develop e-government. |
| Keywords: | electronic administration, internet, public services, eGovernment, disruptors |
| Date: | 2022–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:smo:raiswp:0194&r=ppm |
| By: | Shigeto Kondo (King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center) |
| Abstract: | The joint crediting mechanism (JCM) is a Japan-initiated bilateral mechanism for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions while transferring Japan’s technologies to partner countries in exchange for transferring carbon credits to Japan. It is seen as a leading pilot mechanism of “cooperative approaches” under Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement. As of February 2022, 214 projects with 22 partner countries, including Saudi Arabia, had been selected by the Japanese government for support. Japan and Saudi Arabia have thus far implemented one project under this mechanism, and another project is in the process of being approved. |
| Keywords: | Article 6, Carbon market, Carbon pricing, Clean technology, Climate change |
| Date: | 2023–06–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:prc:dpaper:ks--2023-dp07&r=ppm |
| By: | Grävingholt, Jörn; Faust, Jörg; Libman, Alexander; Richter, Solveig; Sasse, Gwendolyn; Stewart, Susan |
| Abstract: | Rebuilding Ukraine starts now - even if it is being undertaken against a backdrop of conflict, violence and destruction, with Russia continuing to wage its war of aggression. In granting Ukraine European Union (EU) candidate status, the EU has also made the country's recovery one of its own priorities. If this reconstruction project is to succeed, then it is necessary to take into account specific contextual conditions, along with experiences from other recovery processes, such as those in the Western Balkans and Iraq. Functional statehood: Ukraine is better placed in this regard than many other countries, particularly given the functional and widely accepted statehood throughout much of its territory. Reconstruction assistance can kick-start a forward-looking, sustainable green transformation in the economy and society. At the same time, there is a risk that massive external cash flows could feed old networks of corruption and patronage and create new ones. Clear accountability structures are required, along with sanctions for the misuse of funds, if this is to be counteracted. Agile planning over linear phase model: Rebuilding work is taking place in an atmosphere of great uncertainty. Consequently, planning processes must be flexible in order to adapt to different war scenarios. A linear sequence of recovery phases fails to properly address the situation. This is already visible when it comes to efforts to secure critical infrastructure. Its proper functioning is essential to people's daily lives and to all forms of reconstruction, yet this infrastructure could become a target for attacks again at any time. Ukraine as a self-confident partner: As a result of the war's trajectory, the Ukrainian Government is adopting a self-assured demeanour in its dealings with international donors. While this is essentially a positive thing, it can also give rise to a resistance to reform. The prospect of EU accession creates a common objective to work towards and can also establish coherent criteria for the recovery process, but only as long as accession remains a credible prospect. Managing reconstruction assistance: Recovery funds have proven an effective means of coordination, though it remains to be seen whether there will be a single fund or several complementary ones. A central Ukraine fund should be (co-)managed on the donor end by the European Commission, as it has at its disposal the strongest reform incentive, namely EU accession. In the meantime, the EU needs to ensure that the Commission and the member states also provide the majority of the funding between them. Diversity and inclusion: The governance structures of the reconstruction project should be designed to afford participation and a say to pluralist political institutions and civil society voices, and strengthen gender equality. In order to counter brain-drain, it is also imperative that young, mobile population groups (including refugees abroad) feel included. Social equity: Incorporating social factors into the recovery process will also be essential. Vulnerable groups will require particular support, given the alarming level of impoverishment among the population as a result of the war. Investment incentives: Essential reconstruction services have to be provided by the private sector. This requires that clear incentives be created, not least by providing investment guarantees. Developing trauma sensitivity: The rebuilding work is taking place in a context of violence and trauma. This requires that all stakeholders develop a particular sensitivity in dealing with survivors of violence and engaging with a traumatised society. |
| Keywords: | Ukraine, reconstruction, war in Ukraine, European Union (EU), Wiederaufbauhilfe, international help, fighting corruption, transformation, sustainability |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:idospb:42023&r=ppm |
| By: | Matteo Alpino (Bank of Italy); Luca Citino (Bank of ItalyEuropean Central Bank); Federica Zeni (Bank of Italy) |
| Abstract: | We perform a cost-benefit analysis of the green investments contained in the Italian National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP). We compute the future discounted benefits in terms of expected emission reductions using various estimates of the Social Cost of Carbon, and compare them with the investment cost. Our results suggest that several projects would not have a positive net present value, unless policymakers are willing to use relatively low discount rates and give higher weight to benefits accruing to developing countries. The fact that investments under the NRRP are financed via long-term debt helps in bridging the gap between costs and benefits. Investments in renewable energy are an exception, as their benefits outweigh the cost within a short time-frame. |
| Keywords: | inflation density, inflation risk premium, objective probability |
| JEL: | C22 C58 G12 E31 E44 |
| Date: | 2022–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bdi:opques:qef_720_22&r=ppm |
| By: | Sam Sims (UCL Centre for Education Policy & Equalising Opportunities); Kate Forbes (Brunel University London); Josh Goodrich (Steplab) |
| Abstract: | Instructional coaching has emerged as an effective form of teacher professional development. However, there is evidence of large variation in effectiveness between different coaches. What is it that differentiates more from less effective instructional coaching? Attempts to answer this question have been hampered by the difficulties of cost-effectively capturing variations in coaching practice. This paper reports on a pilot study using 360-degree (fisheye) video footage of teaching captured using classroom cameras, as well as audio recordings of coaching conversations uploaded via an online instructional coaching platform. The main aim of this research was to understand the feasibility of using such technology to get inside the black box of instructional coaching. We found that the camera technology could indeed capture meaningful variation in teachers' practice after a coaching session. Likewise, we found that the audio uploads (recorded via mobile phones) could capture content of the coaching conversation relevant to assessing leading hypotheses about what differentiates more and less effective coaching. Having said that, the project also surfaced several important challenges related to the way in which the cameras were used, which hampered our ability to consistently capture time-series data. The paper concludes with recommendations for researchers considering using this sort of technology in future projects. |
| Keywords: | teachers, professional development, instructional coaching |
| JEL: | I20 |
| Date: | 2023–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ucl:cepeow:23-05&r=ppm |