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on Project, Program and Portfolio Management |
| By: | Giuditta De Prato (European Commission – JRC - IPTS); Daniel Nepelski (European Commission – JRC - IPTS); Giuseppe Piroli (European Commission – DG Employment, Social Affairs & Inclusion) |
| Abstract: | The European Commission's Framework Programme constitutes an important share in R&D expenditures in Europe. A number of FP7 projects certainly produce cutting-edge technologies and a significant percentage of these technologies could be commercialized. However, there is a general feeling that not all these technologies and innovations with commercial potential reach the market. The question is why? The Innovation Radar (IR) is a support initiative that focuses on the identification of high-potential innovations in the ICT FP7, CIP and H2020 projects and the key organization in delivering these innovations to the market. The current report documents the details of the IR methodology and the results of its first application. The results of the pilot exercise show that ICT FP7 projects deliver a substantial number of innovations. On average, there are nearly two new or substantially improved products or services developed within each ICT FP7 project. However, further nurturing is needed to bring them to the market and exploit their commercial potential. |
| Keywords: | R&D, innovation, innovation assessment, FP7, H2020 |
| Date: | 2015–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96339&r=ppm |
| By: | Sebők, András; Gyuró, Ágnes; Baár, Csaba; Hegyi, Adrienn |
| Abstract: | For the development of new biodegradable packaging materials and decision support tools, expectations, requirements and knowledge of different disciplines need to be harmonized and integrated. Within the EU funded EcoBioCAP project a systematic approach was applied. Packaging development brief was developed, technical and consumer survey was carried out. Specifications are used as a starting point for carrying out the research tasks in a harmonized way. For a systematic approach for setting the targets of the research and considering technical requirements and consumers needs, the use of these management tools is essential in the early phase of the research and development projects. |
| Keywords: | management tools, packaging material, biodegradable, specification, packaging development brief, Agribusiness, |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iefi15:206216&r=ppm |
| By: | D. Blaseg; Michael Koetter |
| Abstract: | Does bank instability push borrowers to use crowdfunding as a source of external finance? We identify stressed banks and link them to a unique, manually constructed sample of 157 new ventures seeking equity crowdfunding. The sample comprises projects from all German equity crowdfunding platforms since 2011, which we compare with 200 ventures that do not use crowdfunding. Crowdfunding is significantly more likely for new ventures that interact with stressed banks. Innovative funding is thus particularly relevant when conventional financiers are facing crises. But crowdfunded ventures are generally also more opaque and risky than new ventures that do not use crowdfunding. |
| Keywords: | equity crowdfunding, credit crunch, bank stress |
| JEL: | G01 G21 G30 |
| Date: | 2015–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iwh:dispap:8-15&r=ppm |
| By: | Lambrecht, Isabel; Vanlauwe, Bernard; Maertens, Miet |
| Abstract: | Development projects often evaluate their gender strategy by the proportion of female participants. However, female participation not necessarily coincides with reaching program objectives. With data from South-Kivu, we analyze whether targeting female farmers in agricultural extension programs increases the adoption of three technologies: improved legume varieties, row planting, and mineral fertilizer. We find that joint male and female program participation leads to the highest adoption rates, and that female participation is not conducive for the adoption of capital-intensive technologies while it is for (female) labor-intensive technologies, and that targeting female-headed households is more effective for technology adoption than targeting female farmers in male-headed households. |
| Keywords: | gender, agricultural technology adoption, agricultural extension, sub-Saharan Africa, eastern DR Congo, integrated soil fertility management, Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:kucawp:167158&r=ppm |
| By: | Pisani, Elena; Franceschetti, G.; Secco, L.; Da Re, R. |
| Abstract: | The paper presents a methodology for the assessment of interpersonal and institutional trust measured at the level of Local Action Groups of the LEADER Approach and based on the use of indicators and on Social Network Analysis (SNA). From the theoretical point of view, the indicators can be used in longitudinal studies to assess if the relation between individual trust and social networks is verified with regard to specific organizations promoting rural development at local level. From the operative point of view, the indicators of trust represent a useful and relative simple instrument to be used in the monitoring and evaluation activities of the LEADER Approach. |
| Keywords: | Trust, LEADER Approach, Social Network Analysis, Monitoring and Evaluation, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, O22, O18, |
| Date: | 2014–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aiea14:197453&r=ppm |
| By: | Guillermo Ordonez (University of Pennsylvania); Gary Gorton (Yale School of Management) |
| Abstract: | Credit booms usually precede financial crises. However, some credit booms end in a crisis (bad booms) and others do not (good booms). We document that, while all booms start with an increase in the growth of Total Factor Productivity (TFP) and Labor Productivity (LP), such growth falls much faster subsequently for bad booms. We then develop a simple framework to explain this. Firms finance investment opportunities with short-term collateralized debt. If agents do not produce information about the collateral quality, a credit boom develops, accommodating firms with lower quality projects and increasing the incentives of lenders to acquire information about the collateral, eventually triggering a crisis. When the average quality of investment opportunities also grow, the credit boom may not end in a crisis because the gradual adoption of low quality projects is not strong enough to induce information about collateral. |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:red:sed015:292&r=ppm |
| By: | Mort Webster; Karen Fisher-Vanden; David Popp; Nidhi Santen |
| Abstract: | Global climate change and other environmental challenges require the development of new energy technologies with lower emissions. In the near-term, R&D investments, either by government or the private sector, can bring down the costs of these lower emission technologies. However, the results of R&D are uncertain, and there are many potential technologies that may turn out to play an effective role in the future energy mix. In this paper, we address the problem of allocating R&D across technologies under uncertainty. Specifically, given two technologies, one with lower costs at present, but the other with greater uncertainty in the returns to R&D, how should one allocate the R&D budget? We develop a multi-stage stochastic dynamic programming version of an integrated assessment model of climate and economy that represents endogenous technological change through R&D decisions for two substitutable non-carbon backstop technologies. Using the model, we demonstrate that near-term R&D into the higher cost technology is justified, and that the amount of R&D into the high cost technology increases with both the variance in the uncertainty in returns to R&D and with the skewness of the uncertainty. We also present an illustrative case study of wind and solar photovoltaic technologies, and show that poor R&D results in early periods do not necessarily mean that investment should not continue. |
| JEL: | O38 Q42 Q48 Q54 Q55 |
| Date: | 2015–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:21396&r=ppm |
| By: | Kruize, Jan Willem; Goense, Daan; Wolfert, Sjaak; Verdouw, Cor N.; Scholten, Huub; Beulens, Adrie J.M. |
| Abstract: | Farm enterprises2 The objective of this paper is to describe a farm information model and a proof of concept that demonstrates how a collaborative Business Process for farming can be configured using this farm information model. Knowledge to develop this model and a proof of concept is obtained by case study research focusing on the collaborative Business Processes of spraying and crop protection of potatoes against late blight disease. need to collaborate with numerous actors that are part of Agri-Food Supply Chain Networks (AFSCNs) such as governments, advisory services, contractors, processors, input providers and certification bodies. This collaboration is required to produce food in a more sustainable, safe and transparent manner. To collaborate efficiently and effectively, information needs to be shared within collaborative Business Processes. The information sharing within such collaborative Business Processes should be supported by an ICT infrastructure consisting of interoperable ICT Components. Currently, most of the available ICT Components are not interoperable, hindering data exchange between ICT Components of various vendors. Consequently, this situation is hindering optimization of farm production processes and collaboration in AFSCNs. Therefore, a platform, called FIspace, is being established for multiple domains that support the development and configuration of interoperable ICT Components into a system that is able to support collaborative farm Business Processes. To develop interoperable ICT Components and configure these in an easy and flexible manner to support farm enterprises, a farm information model is, amongst other models, required.The presented farm information reference model is able to describe the relations between a farm enterprise and its collaborators, the Business Processes related to the supporting ICT Components and the data messages for data exchange between ICT Components. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iefi15:206239&r=ppm |