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on Project, Program and Portfolio Management |
| By: | Hottenrott, Hanna; Lopes-Bento, Cindy |
| Abstract: | R&D collaboration facilitates pooling of complementary skills, learning from the partner as well as sharing risks and costs. Research therefore repeatedly stressed the positive relationship between collaborative R&D and innovation performance. Collaboration, however, involves transaction costs in form of coordination and monitoring efforts and requires knowledge disclosure. This study explicitly considers a firm's collaboration intensity, that is, the share of collaborative R&D projects in a firms' total R&D projects in a sample of mostly small and medium-sized firms (SMEs). We can confirm previous findings in terms of gains for innovation performance, but also show that collaboration has decreasing and even negative returns on product innovation if its intensity increases above a certain threshold. In particular, costs start outweighing benefits if a firm pursues more than about two thirds of its R&D projects in collaboration. -- |
| Keywords: | innovation performance,product innovation,R&D partnerships,collaboration intensity,SMEs,transaction costs,selection model,endogenous switching |
| JEL: | O31 O32 O33 O34 |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:dicedp:154&r=ppm |
| By: | Hottenrott, Hanna; Lopes-Bento, Cindy; Veugelers, Reinhilde |
| Abstract: | This study investigates the effects of an R&D subsidy scheme on participating firms' net R&D investment. Making use of a specific policy design in Belgium that explicitly distinguishes between research and development grants, we estimate direct and cross-scheme effects on research versus development intensities in recipients firms. We find positive direct effects from research (development) subsidies on net research (development) spending. This direct effect is larger for research grants than for development grants. We also find cross-scheme effects that may arise due to complementarity between research and development activities. Finally, we find that the magnitude of the treatment effects depends on firm size and age and that there is a minimum effective grant size, especially for research projects. The results support the view that public subsidies induce higher additional investment particularly in research where market failures are larger, even when the subsidies are targeting development. -- |
| Keywords: | R&D,Complementarity,Research Subsidies,Development Subsidies,Innovation Policy |
| JEL: | H23 O31 O38 |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:dicedp:152&r=ppm |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures Banks and Banking Reform Conflict and Development - Post Conflict Reconstruction Governance - National Governance Governance - Governance Indicators Finance and Financial Sector Development Public Sector Development |
| Date: | 2013 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:16725&r=ppm |
| By: | Geli, Patricia; Kraay, Aart; Nobakht, Hoveida |
| Abstract: | A number of recent studies have empirically documented links between characteristics of World Bank projects and their ultimate outcomes as evaluated by the World Bank's Independent Evaluation Group. This paper explores the in-sample and out-of-sample predictive performance of empirical models relating project outcomes to project characteristics observed early in the life of a project. Such models perform better than self-assessments of project performance provided by World Bank staff during the implementation of the project. These findings are applied to the problem of predicting eventual Independent Evaluation Group ratings for currently active projects in the World Bank's portfolio. |
| Keywords: | Housing&Human Habitats,Banks&Banking Reform,Poverty Monitoring&Analysis,Development Economics&Aid Effectiveness,Rural Portfolio Improvement |
| Date: | 2014–08–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:7001&r=ppm |
| By: | Emhjellen, Magne (Petoro); Osmundsen, Petter (UiS) |
| Abstract: | There is a planning gap for CCS projects in Europe. CCS demonstration plants are not implemented as expected. This fact is at odds with optimistic valuation reports that apply socio-economic valuation criteria for climate projects. However, CCS plants are in most cases to be implemented by private companies. Economic valuation of climate projects, seen from the perspective of the commercial companies, is the subject of this article. We examine key economic parameters of 27 oil and gas projects and compare it to a CCS project. We find that the CCS project ranks the lowest on all profitability metrics, and is unlikely to be implemented by a private company. Our findings may explain why it is hard for oil companies to justify climate projects in their portfolios. |
| Keywords: | Climate projects; decision analysis; CO2 |
| JEL: | G31 G38 M21 Q48 Q51 |
| Date: | 2014–08–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:stavef:2014_008&r=ppm |
| By: | Asian Development Bank (ADB); (Operations Services and Financial Management Department, ADB); ; |
| Abstract: | This publication explores the option of outsourcing the procurement function to specialized agencies. Through selected case studies, it discusses the various benefits and issues surrounding two major approaches, namely a market-based system and a centralized procurement agency model. In analyzing these approaches, the report also looks at the broader issue of linkage with development impacts, particularly on the potential of procurement agents to improve project outcomes and overall development effectiveness. Finally, it discusses some basic considerations in successfully developing and implementing the legal, regulatory, and institutional frameworks for a procurement agent system. |
| Keywords: | public procurement, outsourcing procurement, public sector, fiduciary responsibility, procurement agents, project procurement, financial due diligence, official development assistance, accredited procurement agents, procurement certification, centralized procurement, buyers, good works and services |
| Date: | 2013–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:asd:wpaper:rpt135769&r=ppm |
| By: | Gabriela Elizondo Azuela; Rafael Ben |
| Keywords: | Energy - Energy Production and Transportation Energy - Windpower Environment - Carbon Policy and Trading Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Science and Technology Development - Science of Climate Change |
| Date: | 2014–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:18412&r=ppm |
| By: | Baxewanos, Fabiane; Raza, Werner |
| Abstract: | Development policy affects human rights in manifold ways. For example, trade agreements can have an adverse impact on the rights to health or food by making essential medicines or goods less accessible or available. Or large-scale investment projects influence indigenous rights when they entail resettlement programs or the expropriation of traditional lands. Policy-makers have tried to tackle these issues by employing various impact assessment tools. These include, inter alia, the Sustainability Impact Assessments of EU trade agreements, and the impact assessments of projects by development finance institutions, which are commonly based upon the IFC Performance Standards. Traditionally, economic and environmental effects are at the centre of the existing tools, while social effects are only included to a lesser extent. This paper argues that the existing tools are insufficient for reasons that concern their legal status, their methodology and, in particular, their effectiveness. Human Rights Impact Assessments (HRIA) promise to cure some of these shortcomings. In the paper, the specific added-value of HRIAs, methodological approaches and challenges, and potential fields of application of HRIAs in development policy will be addressed. -- |
| Keywords: | Human Rights,Impact Assessment,Development Policy |
| Date: | 2013 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:oefsew:37&r=ppm |
| By: | Valentina Saltane; Rong Chen; Nuria Moya Guzman |
| Keywords: | Law and Development - Trade Law Private Sector Development - Competitiveness and Competition Policy Private Sector Development - E-Business Finance and Financial Sector Development - Deposit Insurance Finance and Financial Sector Development - Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress |
| Date: | 2013–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:17042&r=ppm |