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on Project, Program and Portfolio Management |
| By: | Thomas Gillier (ERPI - Equipe de Recherche sur les Processus Innovatifs - Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine (INPL) - Ecole Nationale Supérieure en Génie des Systèmes Industriels); Akın Kazakçı (CGS - Centre de Gestion Scientifique - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris); Gérald Piat (EDF R&D - EDF) |
| Abstract: | Purpose - Scholars and practitioners have both emphasized the importance of collaboration in innovation context. They have also largely acknowledged that the definition of common purpose is a major driver of successful collaboration, but surprisingly, researchers have put little effort into investigating the process whereby the partners define the common purpose. This research aims to explore the Generation of Common Purpose (GCP) in innovation partnerships. Design/methodology/approach - An action-research approach combined with modeling has been followed. Our research is based on an in-depth qualitative case study of a cross-industry exploratory partnership through which four partners, from very different arenas, aim to collectively define innovation projects based on micro-nanotechnologies. Based on a design reasoning framework, the mechanisms of GCP mechanism are depicted. Findings - Regarding GCP, two main interdependent facets are identified: (1) the |
| Keywords: | C-K design theory; Cross-industry partnership; Design; Generation of common purpose, Innovation; Innovation partnerships; Partnership; Shared objectives; common goals |
| Date: | 2014–04–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-00982992&r=ppm |
| By: | Henningsen, Morten S. (Finance Norway); Hægeland, Torbjørn (Statistics Norway); Møen, Jarle (Dept. of Business and Management Science, Norwegian School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | Empirical examination of whether R&D subsidies crowd out private investments has been hampered by selection problems. A particular worry is that project quality and research intentions may be correlated with the likelihood of receiving subsidies. Using proposal evaluation data to control for research intentions, we do not find strong evidence suggesting that this type of selection creates a severe bias. Proposal evaluation grades strongly predict R&D investments and reduce selection bias in cross-sectional regressions, but there is limited variation in grades within firms over time. Hence, in our sample, unobserved project quality is largely absorbed by firm fixed effects. Our best estimate of the shortrun additionality of R&D subsidies is 1.15, i.e., a oneunit increase in subsidy increases total R&D expenditure in the recipient firm by somewhat more than a unit. We demonstrate, however, that there is measurement error in the subsidy variable. Additionality is therefore likely to be underestimated. |
| Keywords: | Technology policy; R&D subsidies; input additionality; selection; proxy variables |
| JEL: | H25 H32 L53 O32 O38 |
| Date: | 2014–04–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:nhhfms:2014_018&r=ppm |
| By: | João Paulo Viana |
| Abstract: | Este documento apresenta uma avaliação dos investimentos federais nos municípios do Plano de Ação do Rio São Francisco (PASF), que abarca os 789 municípios (e oito estados) da área de influência do Projeto de Integração do Rio São Francisco com Bacias Hidrográficas do Nordeste Setentrional – mais conhecido como Transposição do rio São Francisco – e da área do projeto de revitalização do São Francisco. Os investimentos realizados até 2008 e planejados para os anos 2009 e 2010 pelas catorze entidades que responderam a uma consulta do Ministério da Integração Nacional sobre os investimentos na área do PASF totalizaram R$ 32,3 bilhões para os três períodos considerados. Pernambuco, Bahia e Minas Gerais foram os maiores beneficiários, com montantes estimados em R$ 7,2, R$ 6,9 e R$ 5,3 bilhões, respectivamente, ou 60% do valor total. Os investimentos realizados até 2008 corresponderam a 54% do total informado (R$ 17,5 bilhões). Considerando um recorte temático, os investimentos em ações sociais, de apoio à produção, e de acesso à água totalizaram respectivamente R$ 17,2 bilhões, R$ 9,6 bilhões e R$ 2,4 bilhões, com destaque para investimentos em transferência de renda, crédito para a agricultura familiar e para a construção de sistemas de abastecimento e armazenamento de água. Seguem, em ordem de importância, ações na área de meio ambiente (R$ 2,2 bilhões), implantação de perímetros irrigados (R$ 474 milhões) e regularização fundiária (R$ 296 milhões), com destaque para os investimentos em saneamento no caso das ações ambientais, na construção e manutenção de infraestruturas de irrigação e no crédito fundiário. O índice de Gini indicou que o número de ações planejadas para 2009 estava bem distribuído entre os municípios (0,12), enquanto situação menos balanceada foi encontrada quando avaliado o total de investimentos planejados por município (0,50). Outros aspectos da distribuição espacial dos investimentos e a capacidade destes investimentos resultarem em desenvolvimento para a região são também apresentados e discutidos. This paper presents an evaluation of federal government expenditures in the counties included in the São Francisco Action Plan (SFAP), which encompasses 789 counties (and eight states) of the area under the influence of the Integration of the São Francisco River with Basins of Northern Northeastern Project – best known as the São Francisco River Diversion Project – and of the São Francisco environmental restoration project. The expenditures up to 2008 and planned for 2009 and 2010 by fourteen organizations that responded to an inquiry from the Ministry of National Integration on the investments in the SFAP totaled R$ 32.3 billion for the three periods considered. Pernambuco, Bahia and Minas Gerais were the largest beneficiaries, with amounts estimated at R$ 7.2, R$ 6.9 and R$ 5.3 billion, respectively; or 60% of the total amount.Expenses made by 2008 corresponded to 54% of the total amount (R$ 17.5 billion). Considering expenditure categories, the investments in social development and protection, in support of small rural and urban entrepreneurs, and actions to allow access to clean water totaled R$ 17.2 billion, R$ 9.6 billion and R$ 2.4 billion, respectively, with an emphasis on investments in cash transfer, credit for small landholders, and the construction of water supply and storage systems. These categories were followed, in order of importance, by environmental support actions (R$ 2.2 billion), implementation of irrigation schemes (R$ 474 million) and land tenure regularization (R$ 296 million), mainly for spending in sanitation improvements, the construction and maintenance of irrigation infrastructure, and credit for land purchasing. The Gini Index indicated that the number of actions planned for 2009 were well distributed among the counties (0.12), and less so when considered the amount of total planned investments per county (0.50). Other aspects of the spatial distribution of the investments and their capability of bringing development for the region are also presented and discussed. |
| Date: | 2014–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1965&r=ppm |
| By: | Kahyarara, Godius |
| Abstract: | This paper provides an assessment of what aid has actually been doing in the area of environment in Tanzania through a critical review of the flows, modalities and management of aid. Focusing on the funding for environmental degradation projects, the stud |
| Keywords: | aid, development, environment |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-077&r=ppm |
| By: | Kousky, Carolyn (Resources for the Future) |
| Abstract: | Between 1972 and 1994, the New England Division of the US Army Corps of Engineers undertook five studies evaluating the benefits and costs of protecting natural valley storage (NVS) areas as a flood mitigation strategy in various watersheds. NVS lands function as natural reservoirs, temporarily storing floodwaters. In only one case—along the Charles River in Massachusetts—were the benefits found to outweigh the costs. Along the Charles, the Corps acquired approximately 8,500 acres of floodplain land to keep as open space in perpetuity. This paper reviews the five studies in detail to inform ongoing interest in green approaches to flood control. The analysis finds that large-scale land acquisition to contain major riverine flood events is difficult to justify by avoided flood damages alone. For such a project to generate net benefits, there must be significant amounts of NVS lands still undeveloped, substantial development pressure on those lands, and downstream areas that would sustain high levels of damage in the event of a flood. Perhaps more importantly, however, these studies raise two fundamental institutional questions: (1) Should the Corps, or the federal government more broadly, be involved in land acquisition? (2) Should regulating land use be preferred over purchasing NVS land? The economic and political issues uncovered in the historic examination of these five studies suggest an explanation for the current focus on other approaches to green flood control, such as multipurpose projects, levee setbacks, and green infrastructure to manage stormwater. |
| Keywords: | floodplain conservation, flood mitigation, Corps of Engineers, natural valley storage, cost-benefit analysis |
| Date: | 2014–04–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rff:dpaper:dp-14-07&r=ppm |
| By: | Maddalena SORRENTINO (Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Economia, Management e Metodi quantitativi, Italy); Massimo SIMONETTA Author-X-Name-First: Massimo (Ancitel Lombardia, Cologno Monzese (Milano), Italy) |
| Abstract: | The past decades have seen the OECD countries attempt a number of sourcing practices in local governments, including corporatization, collaborative arrangements and partnerships. One such option is to share services, an emerging strategy that casts a new actor in a leading role, i.e., the shared service organization or ‘SSO’. In the field of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) these special-purpose vehicles deliver services to the sharing councils based on models other than publicly funded collaboration arrangements and the usual ICT outsourcing practices. The paper uses an explorative case study to analyse the SSO route taken by an Italian enterprise, wholly owned by a public utility, in which it steers and guides its client councils on their ICT strategies. The article offers a general reflection on the new SSO’s operating model, discussing its hybrid nature (part-private and part-public), the system of multiple local relations and the indirect influence the SSO has over the ICT decisions of the client councils. |
| Keywords: | Shared service, Sourcing arrangements, ICT, Public enterprises, Organization studies |
| Date: | 2013–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:crc:wpaper:1309&r=ppm |