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on Neuroeconomics |
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Issue of 2021‒07‒26
three papers chosen by |
| By: | Dickinson, David L. (Appalachian State University); Masclet, David (University of Rennes) |
| Abstract: | Recent examinations into the cognitive underpinnings of ethical decision making has focused on understanding whether honesty is more likely to result from deliberative or unconscious decision processes. We randomly assigned participants to a multi-night sleep manipulation, after which they completed 3 tasks of interest: imperfectly identifiable dishonesty (the Coin Flip task), identifiable dishonesty (the Matrix task), and anti-social allocation choices (the Money Burning game). We document the validity of the sleep protocol via significantly reduced nightly sleep levels (objectively measured using validated instrumentation) and significantly higher sleepiness ratings in the sleep-restricted (SR) group compared to the well-rested (WR) group. We report that money burning decisions are not statistically different between SR and WR participants. However, regarding honesty, we find significant and robust effects of SR on honesty. In total, given the connection between sleepiness and deliberation, these results add to the literature that has identified conditions under which deliberation impacts ethical choice. When dishonesty harms an abstract "other" person (e.g., the researcher's budget), reduced deliberation more likely increases dishonesty compared to when harm is done to someone at closer social distance (e.g., another subject). |
| Keywords: | ethical choice, dishonesty, antisocial behavior, sleep |
| JEL: | C91 D91 D63 |
| Date: | 2021–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp14537&r= |
| By: | Dickinson, David L. (Appalachian State University); McEvoy, David M. (Appalachian State University); Bruner, David (Appalachian State University) |
| Abstract: | Insufficient sleep is commonplace, and understanding how this affects interpersonal conflict holds implications for personal and workplace settings. We experimentally manipulated participant sleep state for a full week prior to administering a stylized bargaining task that models payoff uncertainty at impasse with a final-offer arbitration (FOA) procedure. FOA use in previous trials decreases the likelihood of voluntary settlements going forward—the narcotic effect. We also report a novel result that a significantly stronger narcotic effect is estimated for more sleepy bargaining pairs. One implication is that insufficient sleep predicts increased dependency on alternatives to voluntarily resolution of interpersonal conflict. |
| Keywords: | bargaining, sleep restriction, arbitration, dispute/conflict resolution, narcotic effect |
| JEL: | J52 D74 D90 C92 D83 |
| Date: | 2021–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp14536&r= |
| By: | Smirnov, Dmitry |
| Abstract: | The theory of innovation and creativity has attempted to define the origins of novel creations using the concepts of bisociation, random mutations, exploration and play, and equilibration of differences. Despite recent attempts, there is still a gap in the theoretical description of how novel creations occur in a physical world. Is it a mysterious act or a phenomenon with clear logic to it? This conceptual article proposes a creational model that describes the underlying mechanics of creative actions, both cognitive and material. The research methodology is based on theory-building using case study research. Five familiar cases of novel creations are evaluated for cross-case patterns and similarities. The cases include cooking a dish, making a painting, creating a sculpture, childbirth, and the formation of a space star. The theoretical contribution of this paper is an alternative frame of reference to the mechanism of novelty genesis. The findings of this work might be of interest to academicians and practitioners in innovation studies. The creational model put forward in this conceptual paper offers a new lens to understand how the genesis of novelty occurs. |
| Date: | 2021–06–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:dr6ws&r= |