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on Network Economics |
| By: | Mathieu Lambotte; Sandrine Mathy; Anna Risch; Carole Treibich |
| Abstract: | We investigate the role of peer effects at the work place on the individual choice of transportation mode. We collect original data through an online survey on networks and sustainable behaviors among 334 individuals working in ten laboratories of the University of Grenoble Alps in February 2020. Using a linear-in-means model for binary outcomes and distinguishing endogenous and exogenous peer effects, correlated effects and network endogeneity, we find that peers have a significant and positive effect on individual active transportation mode’s choice. We show that in our setting, a simulated policy or intervention would be almost twice more effective in spreading active transportation mode through social spillover effects if it targets key players rather than random individuals. |
| Keywords: | Peer Effects, Social Network, Workplace, Transportation Choice, Key Players |
| JEL: | D91 R41 C31 |
| Date: | 2022–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gbl:wpaper:2022-02&r=net |
| By: | Degui Li; Bin Peng; Songqiao Tang; Weibiao Wu |
| Abstract: | This paper considers statistical inference of time-varying network vector autoregression models for large-scale time series. A latent group structure is imposed on the heterogeneous and node-specific time-varying momentum and network spillover effects so that the number of unknown time-varying coefficients to be estimated can be reduced considerably. A classic agglomerative clustering algorithm with normalized distance matrix estimates is combined with a generalized information criterion to consistently estimate the latent group number and membership. A post-grouping local linear smoothing method is proposed to estimate the group-specific time-varying momentum and network effects, substantially improving the convergence rates of the preliminary estimates which ignore the latent structure. In addition, a post-grouping specification test is conducted to verify the validity of the parametric model assumption for group-specific time-varying coefficient functions, and the asymptotic theory is derived for the test statistic constructed via a kernel weighted quadratic form under the null and alternative hypotheses. Numerical studies including Monte-Carlo simulation and an empirical application to the global trade flow data are presented to examine the finite-sample performance of the developed model and methodology. |
| Date: | 2023–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2303.10117&r=net |
| By: | Nordlund, Carl |
| Abstract: | This article proposes a network-analytical framework for the comparative study of national production structures in global production networks. Conceptualizing such structures as the networks of sectorial flows in nationally delineated components of multiregional input-output tables, the proposed heuristic extracts a structural profile that captures the up- and downstream prominence of economic sectors for a particular country and year. These ‘fingerprints’ of national production structures can subsequently be compared on a pairwise basis, providing novel ways to determine and compare the structural similarities, transformations, and trajectories of national economies in the global production regime. Two case studies exemplify the heuristic. The first applies clustering methods to explore spatiotemporal similarities for 40 countries over the 1995-2011 period. Based on such similarities, an analytically useful classification into 12 structural types is proposed. The second study addresses structural transformations and trajectories during EU’s eastern enlargement, finding significant structural change, yet minuscule East-West convergence. |
| Date: | 2023–03–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:6byxh&r=net |
| By: | Guglielmo Zappalà |
| Abstract: | Local weather shocks have been shown to affect local economic output, however, little is known about their propagation through production networks. Using a six-sector global dataset over the past fifty years, this paper examines the effect of weather fluctuations and extreme weather events on sectoral economic production and the transmission of weather shocks across sectors, countries and over time. I document that agriculture is the most harmed sector by heat shocks, droughts and cyclones. Using input-output interlinkages, I find that sectors at later stages of the supply chain suffer from substantial and persistent losses over time due to domestic and foreign heat shocks in other sectors. A counterfactual analysis of the average annual output loss accounting for heat shocks across trade partners shows a substantial underestimation of the economic cost of temperature increases since 2000. |
| Keywords: | Climate change; sectoral shocks; spillovers; weather shocks |
| Date: | 2023–03–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2023/053&r=net |