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on Network Economics |
| By: | Olessia Y. Koltsova (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Sergei N. Koltcov (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | Following the discussion on the role of Internet in the formation of ties across space, this paper seeks to supplement recent findings on location-dependent preferential attachment online. For this purpose, instead of looking at egonetworks, we look at networks of online communities specifically aimed at development of location-independent ties. The paper focuses on professional communities of software developers. The data are obtained automatically from the VKontakte social networking site. Evidence suggests that membership, friendship, commenting and liking ties are overwhelmingly cross-city |
| Keywords: | Internet, SNS, professional communities, cross-distance ties, networks, SNA |
| JEL: | Z19 |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:57/soc/2014&r=net |
| By: | Vincent FRIGANT; Martin ZUMPE |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we examine the structure and the evolution of international exchanges of auto parts over the 2000-2012 period for four European countries. The first part of our study reviews the literature and points out four stylized facts about the geography of automotive supply networks. In section 2 we propose an analysis of the organisation of automotive supply chains based on the global production networks framework. We give details about this approach by stating the nature of trade flows that occur in these networks, and by highlighting the importance of intra-firms flows. In the third part, we compare the structure of external GPNs of German, Spanish, British and French automotive firms located in these countries. On the basis of Chelem data about auto parts exchanges, we examine in a comparative way the evolution of intra-continental and intercontinental flows. Our results highlight the heterogeneity of situations and of trajectories in the different countries. |
| Keywords: | Global Production Networks; Automotive industry; International Comparison; Auto-parts industry; Regional integration; Globalisation. |
| JEL: | F14 F15 F23 R12 L62 |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:grt:wpegrt:2014-24&r=net |
| By: | Isabelle Mejean (Ecole Polytechnique); Julien Martin (UQAM) |
| Abstract: | We study the extent to which the structure of an exporter's portfolio of buyers affects the volatility of its sales, volatility of bilateral exports. In our model, diversifying sales across a larger number of partners reduces the firm's exposure to idiosyncratic demand shocks, thus the volatility of its sales. Being connected with importers that also interact with other sellers creates comovements in sales across sellers. We show that both elements can generate "granular" fluctuations in aggregate exports. Based on highly detailed export data, we show that exporters are little diversified in sales and that trade networks are highly connected across exporters. This participates to explaining the high volatility of bilateral exports in our data. |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:red:sed014:663&r=net |
| By: | S. Gabrieli; C.-P. Georg |
| Abstract: | We study the liquidity allocation among European banks around the Lehman Brothers’ insolvency using a novel dataset of all interbank loans settled via the Eurosystem’s payment system TARGET2. Following the Lehman insolvency, lenders in the overnight segment become sensitive to counterparty characteristics and banks start hoarding liquidity by shortening the maturity of their interbank lending. This aggregate change in liquidity reallocation is accompanied by a substantial structural change that can best be characterized as a shrinking of the interbank network. Such a change is consequential: banks with higher centrality within the network have better access to liquidity and are able to charge larger intermediation spreads. Therefore, we show the existence of a sizeable interbank lending channel. |
| Keywords: | Interbank loans, network topology, financial stability. |
| JEL: | D85 E5 G1 G21 |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bfr:banfra:531&r=net |
| By: | Uwe Cantner (School of Economics and Business Administration, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena); Holger Graf (School of Economics and Business Administration, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena); Johannes Herrmann (School of Economics and Business Administration, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena); Martin Kalthaus (School of Economics and Business Administration, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena) |
| Abstract: | Technological change and gains in efficiency of renewable power generation technologies are to a large extent driven by governmental support. Various policies that can broadly be categorized as technology push, demand pull or systemic constitute a policy mix for renewable energies. Our goal is to gain insights on the influence of this policy mix on the intensity and organization of inventive activities within the technological innovation systems for wind power and photovoltaic in Germany since the 1980s. We examine the effect of different instruments on the size and structure of co-inventor networks based on patent data. Our results indicate notable differences between the technologies: The network size for wind power is driven by technology push and systemic instruments, while in photovoltaic demand pull is decisive for network growth. The instruments complement each other and form a consistent policy mix. The structure of the networks is driven by demand pull for both technologies. Systemic instruments increase interaction especially in the wind power network and are complementary to demand pull in fostering collaboration. |
| Keywords: | Renewable Energy, Inventor Network, Policy Mix, Systemic Instrument, Technology Push, Demand Pull |
| JEL: | Q42 Q55 L14 O38 |
| Date: | 2014–12–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jrp:jrpwrp:2014-034&r=net |