|
on Economics of Human Migration |
| By: | Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes; Monica Deza; Genti Kostandini; Tianyuan Luo |
| Abstract: | We estimate the effect of granting access to driver licenses to undocumented immigrants on their offspring’s access to early childhood education (ECE). Using individual-level data from the ACS, we find that granting driving privileges to undocumented immigrants leads to a 6% increase in ECE attendance among Hispanic children with likely undocumented parents. We explore potential mechanisms and find that these laws enhance mobility, driving autonomy, and English proficiency among likely undocumented immigrants. These laws also increase hourly wages among likely undocumented mothers, which may increase their bargaining power and financial resources. The findings highlight the positive externalities of extending driving privileges to undocumented immigrants. |
| JEL: | I24 J15 J6 J68 K37 |
| Date: | 2024–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:32723 |
| By: | Antonio Ciccone; Jan Nimczik |
| Abstract: | The scale effects that have become an integral part of growth theory imply that productivity should be increasing in population size. We use newly digitized data to estimate the relation between GDP per worker and refugee settlements in West Germany following the arrival of 8 million WWII refugees—more than 15% of the West German population in 1949. Our approach builds on the county-level analysis of the relation between GDP per capita growth and refugee settlements in Peters (2022). As we find that his estimates do not reflect the effect on GDP per capita, we also provide corrected per-capita estimates. |
| Keywords: | Economic growth, scale effects, productivity, population shocks, immigration |
| JEL: | O1 O4 |
| Date: | 2024–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bon:boncrc:crctr224_2024_579 |
| By: | Paudel, Nawaraj S.; Lahiri, Sajal |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the influence of economic size on inter-state migration within the USA, addressing whether people relocate from larger to smaller states and whether regional differences affect this trend. This study utilizes the structural gravity model and panel data spanning 2000 — 2017. The metrics used to gauge state size include GDP, Population, and land area. We find fairly strong support for our hypothesis that individuals are relocating from larger states to smaller ones. The impact of size on internal migration within the USA shows no distinction between the Mid-West and South regions. However, the influence of size on migration varies for the West and North-East compared to interstate migration. We carry out a series of robustness checks, and the qualitative results remain the same. Internal migration between states and regions in the USA can have significant policy implications for state and federal resource allocation, labor markets, tax revenues, economic resilience, and regional disparities. |
| Keywords: | Inter-State Migration, Regional Migration, U.S.A., Size, Gravity Model |
| JEL: | R23 R12 O15 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esprep:300726 |
| By: | Michel Beine; Michel Bierlaire; Evangelos Paschalidis; Silvia Varotto; Andreas B. Vortisch |
| Abstract: | We address the question of the impact of a possible Trump reelection on the location choices of potential Mexican migrants. We use migration aspiration data from the Gallup World Poll Surveys which provide the preferred location choices of Mexican respondents before, during and after the Trump Presidency. We show that Trump presidency led to an increase in disapproval rates about the US leadership among Mexican respondents, which in turn led to a reduced level of attractiveness of the US location. Using a Cross-Nested Logit model that allows to account for the heterogeneity in the substitution patterns between alternative locations to the US, we simulate the impact of a possible reelection of Donald Trump based on different scenarios about these dis-approval rates. We find that such a reelection would lead to an increase in the number of stayers in Mexico but would also create heterogeneous immigration pressures from Mexico across potential foreign locations. In particular, countries such as Canada, the UK, Germany, Spain, and France would face significantly higher increases in Mexican immigration pressures. We also show that the reelection of Donald Trump would lower the skill content of Mexican potential immigrants in the US and would induce an opposite effect in destinations that are perceived as close substitutes. |
| Keywords: | location choice models, migration aspirations, Mexican immigrants, substitution effects |
| JEL: | C25 F22 J61 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_11195 |
| By: | Philipp Ager (University of Mannheim, CEPR); Viktor Malein (Lund University) |
| Abstract: | The paper evaluates the long-run impact of charity nurseries for disadvantaged children in early 20th-century New York. Access to charity nurseries with kindergarten instruction raised children’s years of education and reduced their likelihood of working in low-skilled jobs later in life. Instead, exposed children were more likely to work in jobs requiring higher cognitive and language skills. The effects were strongest for children from the most disadvantaged immigrant groups at that time. Our findings suggest that kindergarten instruction in charity nurseries helped immigrant children better understand teachers’ instructions and learning materials which improved their economic outcomes in adulthood. |
| Keywords: | Age of Mass Migration, Charity Nurseries, Child Care, Disadvantaged Children, Kindergarten Instruction, New York City |
| JEL: | I21 I26 J13 J15 N31 |
| Date: | 2024–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hes:wpaper:0263 |