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on Economics of Human Migration |
| By: | Iñigo Iturbe-Ormaetxe (: Departamento de Fundamentos del An·lisis EconÛmico (FAE), Universidad de Alicante.); Santiago Sanchez-Pages (King's College London.); Angel Solano-Garcia (Department of Economic Theory and Economic History, University of Granada.) |
| Abstract: | We examine the redistributive effects of extending voting rights to non-citizens. Our hypothesis is that the impact of this reform depends on the political power wielded by new voters to change the status quo. Specifically, we anticipate a greater power when elections are more contested. To investigate this hypothesis, we analyze the 1975 Swedish electoral reform, which granted voting rights to non-citizens in local elections. Our findings reveal a significant and one-time increase in local taxes right after the reform. This tax hike was more pronounced in municipalities with a higher proportion of non-citizens. This effect was concentrated in municipalities where the size of the newly enfranchised electorate was substantial enough to potentially upturn the outcome of the previous election. |
| Keywords: | : Voting, Redistribution, Electoral reform, Immigration, Local elections. |
| JEL: | D72 D74 F22 |
| Date: | 2023–09–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gra:wpaper:23/11&r=mig |
| By: | Andreas Vortisch (Université du Luxembourg) |
| Abstract: | Immigration restrictions to the U.S. are rather modern policies. One of the most significant policy changes, the Johnson-Reed Act of 1924, drastically limited the number of new immigrants per year, especially from Asia. In combination with the Emergency Quota Act of 1921, immigration per country was capped at 2 percent of the respective population in the 1890 census. In this presentation, I examine to what extent exemptions from immigration restrictions affected relative labor market outcomes of prior migration cohorts. Using decennial census data, I apply a difference-in-differences estimation, considering that restrictions initially did not apply to the Philippines, then a U.S. territory. My findings indicate that initial immigration restrictions impacted Filipinos, who were exempt from the policy, more severely, highlighting the impact of competition on their economic assimilation. In comparison with other migrants, relative log occupational income scores of Filipinos declined, while their labor force participation and employment status increased. These findings corroborate previous studies that emphasize the relevance of substitutability within and the vulnerability across immigrant cohorts. The effects are particularly strong for the year of 1930 and in California, which coincides with the timing of immigration policies and Filipinos' main destination. Individual panel-data analysis partially supports the findings in the cross-sectional evaluation. |
| Date: | 2023–08–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:boc:fsug23:12&r=mig |
| By: | Le, Dan |
| Abstract: | Since the 1986 Doi Moi reform, an increasing number of labor migrants and students leave Vietnam every year for better opportunities abroad. During the same period, members of the diaspora have been returning to the country. According to government estimates, over 500, 000 Vietnamese return to Vietnam each year to work, live, and retire. Among these returnees are a group who have made Vietnam their home: the Western-born, second generation. This paper explores the significance of online community memberships in the construction of identity and belonging among Western-born Vietnamese who “return” to their ancestral homeland. Drawing on 32 online in-depth interviews with second generation Vietnamese living in Vietnam, from 11 disparate Western countries, it underscores how identity and belonging, state policies, and information communication technologies (ICTs) intersect to prompt and obscure the ethnic returns of western-born Vietnamese migrants. |
| Date: | 2023–08–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:8m3vj&r=mig |
| By: | Brown, J. David (U.S. Census Bureau); Heggeness, Misty L. (U.S. Census Bureau); Murray-Close, Marta (US Census Bureau) |
| Abstract: | We produce 2020 population estimates using 31 administrative record (AR) sources. Our AR census national population estimate is 1.8% greater than the 2020 Demographic Analysis high estimate, 3.0% more than the 2020 Census count, and 3.6% higher than the vintage-2020 Population Estimates Program estimate. Inclusion of more noncitizens, especially those with unknown legal status, can explain the higher AR census estimate. About 19.8% of AR census noncitizens have addresses that cannot be linked to an address in the 2020 Census collection universe, compared to 5.7% of citizens, raising the possibility that the 2020 Census did not collect data for a significant fraction of noncitizens. We show differences in estimates by age, sex, Hispanic origin, geography, and socioeconomic characteristics symptomatic of the differences in noncitizen coverage. |
| Keywords: | administrative records, population estimates, immigration, noncitizen coverage |
| JEL: | J11 J15 |
| Date: | 2023–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp16391&r=mig |
| By: | Varshaver, Evgeny (Варшавер, Евгений) (The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration); Rocheva, Anna (Рочева, Анна) (The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration); Ivanova, Natalia (Иванова, Наталия) (The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration) |
| Abstract: | The paper presents the results of a study conducted with the purpose of assessing various countries of the world in terms of migration potential to Russia, defined as the prospect of the emergence or increase in the volume of migration to Russia as a result of the purposeful efforts of the Russian state and society. The text presents a theoretical model, methodology and calculations of three main indicators: the general migration potential of the country, the migration potential to Russia and the migration potential to Russia, taking into account the population of the respective country. The formulas developed for calculating the migration potential take into account a variety of factors: demographic, geographic, economic, political, etc. For each indicator, calculations were made based on the available statistics for 129 countries. The results of the calculations allow singling out the countries that are most interesting from the point of view of migration potential to Russia – these are, first of all, the countries of Africa and the former USSR. The final part of the text discusses the limitations of the presented study and prospects for further work. |
| Date: | 2021–11–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:w20220125&r=mig |