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on Economics of Human Migration |
| By: | Alberto Ciancio; Camilo García-Jimeno |
| Abstract: | We study how the shared responsibilities over immigration enforcement by local and federal levels in the US shape immigration enforcement outcomes, using detailed data on the Secure Communities program (2008-2014). Tracking the movement of arrested unlawfully present immigrants along the several steps of the immigration enforcement pipeline, and exploiting a large shift in federal enforcement priorities in mid 2011, we disentangle the three key components of the variation in deportation rates: federal enforcement efforts, local enforcement efforts, and the composition of the pool of arrestees. This decomposition allows us to recover the local (county) level response to changes in federal enforcement intensity. Among urban counties, 80 percent, mostly Democratic but with small shares of Hispanics, exhibit strategic substitutabilities. The inverse relationship between federal and local efforts allowed most counties to reduce opposition to the policy, and was accompanied by an increased alignment of local and federal preferences. The federal level was very effective in directing its enforcement efforts towards counties where it expected local collaboration, but conflict was mostly driven by a change in the types of unlawfully present immigrants it prioritized for removal. |
| JEL: | D73 D78 H73 H77 J15 J61 |
| Date: | 2019–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:25766&r=all |
| By: | Michael Bleaney; Mo Tian |
| Abstract: | Shifts in the bilateral real exchange rate between the countries of migrants’ origin and destination alter the real value of international remittances in origin currency relative to their real value in destination currency. Theoretical models predict a response in the form of some adjustment in remittances, measured in either currency. We construct real effective exchange rates weighted by migrant stocks for a large sample of countries to investigate the matter empirically. The evidence shows that remittances as a share of destination countries’ GDP tend to remain virtually unchanged, so that real exchange rate movements predominantly affect the real value of remittances in terms of origin countries’ currency. Possible explanations of this are discussed. |
| Keywords: | exchange rates, migration, remittances |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:not:notcre:19/06&r=all |
| By: | Lovanirina Ramboarison-Lalao (EM Strasbourg Business School, University of Strasbourg); Chris Brewster (Henley Business School, University of Reading) |
| Abstract: | We use qualitative research to build and enrich theory on the career success construct of Low status migrants (LSMs). This is an important category of the workforce in many MNEs in, for example, the transport, hotels and construction industries, but is often overlooked in international business research. We find that, despite some similarities, the theory of motivation to integrate that applies to highly qualified immigrants needs to be adjusted to enable understanding of the career success of LSMs. We introduce 'imposed change', 'fate/ religion', and 'community networking' into the theory, finding that LSMs cope with the constraints of imposed change through a combination of fate/ religion and self-determination/ self-efficacy, leading, with the support of community networking, to settlement and career success. We draw conclusions about the value of understanding the possibilities as a means of improving management in the relevant sectors. |
| Keywords: | Low status migrants; theories of career success; imposed change; religion/ fate; community networking; loci of control |
| Date: | 2018–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rdg:jhdxdp:jhd-dp2018-02&r=all |