|
on Economics of Human Migration |
| By: | Fairlie, Robert |
| Abstract: | The paper tests whether native-born American families respond to inflows of immigrants by sending their children to private school. The analysis uses 1980 and 1990 Census data from 132 metropolitan areas. For primary school students, no significant relation between immigration and private school enrollment is found. For secondary schools, a significant link emerges. For every four immigrants who arrive in public high schools, it is estimated that one native student switches to a private school. White students account for most of this flight. Natives appear to respond mainly to immigrant children who speak a language other than English at home. |
| Keywords: | Education, Social and Behavioral Sciences, education, native flight, immigration, private school, inequality |
| Date: | 2014–09–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:ucscec:qt85s5v99k&r=mig |
| By: | Jauer, Julia; Liebig, Thomas; Martin, John P.; Puhani, Patrick A. |
| Abstract: | The question of whether migration can be an equilibrating force in the labour market is an important criterion for an optimal currency area. It is of particular interest currently in the context of high and rising levels of labour market disparities, in particular within the Eurozone where there is no exchange-rate mechanism available to play this role. We shed some new light on this question by comparing pre- and post-crisis migration movements at the regional level in both Europe and the United States, and their association with asymmetric labour market shocks. We find that recent migration flows have reacted quite significantly to the EU enlargements in 2004 and 2007 and to changes in labour market conditions, particularly in Europe. Indeed, in contrast to the pre-crisis situation and the findings of previous empirical studies, there is tentative evidence that the migration response to the crisis has been considerable in Europe, in contrast to the United States where the crisis and subsequent sluggish recovery were not accompanied by greater interregional labour mobility in reaction to labour market shocks. Our estimates suggest that, if all measured population changes in Europe were due to migration for employment purposes – i.e. an upper-bound estimate – up to about a quarter of the asymmetric labour market shock would be absorbed by migration within a year. However, in the Eurozone the reaction mainly stems from migration of third-country nationals. Even within the group of Eurozone nationals, a significant part of the free mobility stems from immigrants from third countries who have taken on the nationality of their Eurozone host country. |
| Keywords: | Free mobility, migration, economic crisis, labour market adjustment, Eurozone, Europe, United States |
| JEL: | F15 F16 F22 J61 |
| Date: | 2014–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:usg:econwp:2014:32&r=mig |
| By: | M. Tcha |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uwa:wpaper:93-04&r=mig |
| By: | Vincenzo Scoppa; Manuela Stranges (Dipartimento di Economia, Statistica e Finanza, Università della Calabria) |
| Abstract: | We investigate the role of culture in explaining economic outcomes at individual level analyzing how cultural values from the home country affect the decision to work of immigrants in Italy, using the National Survey of Households with Immigrants. Following the “epidemiological approach”, we relate the probability of being employed in Italy for immigrant women with the female labor force participation (LFP) in their country of origin, taken as a proxy of cultural heritage and gender role model. Controlling for a number of individual and household characteristics, we show that participation in the labor market is affected both by the culture of females’ and by their husband’s origin countries. We also show that the relationship between own decisions in the host country and home country LFP cannot be attributed to human capital quality or discrimination and it turns out to be stronger for immigrants that maintained more intense ties with their origin countries. Finally, we investigate to what extent cultural influence is driven by religious beliefs: we find that religion is a key determinant of differences in female labor decisions, but, besides religion, other cultural values exert additional influence.. |
| Keywords: | Culture, Immigration, Labor Force Participation, Epidemiological Approach, Gender, Italy |
| JEL: | Z10 Z13 J10 J15 J16 J20 |
| Date: | 2014–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:clb:wpaper:201413&r=mig |
| By: | Kandilov, ivan |
| Keywords: | International Relations/Trade, Labor and Human Capital, |
| Date: | 2013–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats13:182507&r=mig |
| By: | Keshab Raj BHATTARAI |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:002596:259600026&r=mig |
| By: | Samentha Goethals (Oxford Brookes University, UK) |
| Abstract: | This paper will contribute to on-going discussions over the relevance of qualitative research and reflective methodology in the field of business ethics and CSR (for a review see, Brand, 2009). It is an evaluative discussion of the researcher’s experience during the early fieldwork for her doctoral research project, entitled ‘Business Human Rights Responsibilities and Migrant Workers in the Hospitality Sector in Britain: A Multi-stakeholder Study’. This project has examined the implementation of the United Nations-set norm of corporate responsibility to respect human rights (UN A/HRC/17/31), with a specific focus on its implication for migrant labour in the hotel industry in Britain. Although some quantitative studies have shown that listed businesses in Britain have begun to include human rights language in their codes of ethics (Preuss, 2011), it is yet unclear what human rights responsibilities mean when applied to business (Muchlinski, 2012). The study is taking place in the context of a dearth of in-depth research on how different stakeholders make sense of and experience business ethics generally, and human rights particularly, in specific business contexts (Liedtka, 1992; Crane, 1999; Whitehouse, 2006; de Gama et al., 2012; Deva, 2009). The objective of this paper is to provide insights in the conduct of qualitative research in business responsible practice. It will reflect on the researcher’s positionality, and the challenges and opportunities of conducting a qualitative study on the question of business human rights responsibilities and migrant workers in the hotel industry in Britain. It will examine the intricacies of approaching and interviewing hotel managers and migrant workers on the ethical question of human rights in business. It will evaluate how the research process and the researcher’s encounters with the different participants may have challenged both her notions of how research should be conducted and her relationship with the participants. |
| Date: | 2013–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aes:icsrog:wpaper:19-20&r=mig |
| By: | Yury ANDRIENKO |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ekd:000215:21500004&r=mig |
| By: | Meyer, Wiebke; Mollers, Judith |
| Keywords: | Institutional and Behavioral Economics, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods, |
| Date: | 2013–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats13:182510&r=mig |