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on Economics of Human Migration |
| By: | David McKenzie (World Bank); Dean Yang (University of Michigan) |
| Abstract: | The decision of whether or not to migrate has far-reaching consequences for the lives of individuals and their families. But the very nature of this choice makes identifying the impacts of migration difficult, since it is hard to measure a credible counterfactual of what the person and their household would have been doing had migration not occurred. Migration experiments provide a clear and credible way for identifying this counterfactual, and thereby allowing causal estimation of the impacts of migration. We provide an overview and critical review of the three strands of this approach: policy experiments, natural experiments, and researcher-led field experiments. The purpose is to introduce readers to the need for this approach, give examples of where it has been applied in practice, and draw out lessons for future work in this area. |
| Keywords: | Migration, Remittances, Experiment, Identification, Self-Selection. |
| Date: | 2010–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:crm:wpaper:201017&r=mig |
| By: | Alessio Emanuele Biondo; Simona Monteleone (-) |
| Abstract: | The paper analyzes permanent aspects of brain drain phenomenon referred to Italian highly skilled workers. The analysis regards a sample of post-doctoral graduates, medical specialists, and academic researchers. Results suggest that brain drain in Italy is not temporary, as demonstrated by Dustmann-Weiss (2007) for UK case. A modified version of their model allows us to explain why Italy performs a peculiar characterization of brain drain with no return. Reasons for this diversity are shown to be: severe difficulties in career progression, low wages (barely sensible of high specialization), and scarce propensity of Government for expenditure in research. This theoretical background is confirmed by data sample in Monteleone-Torrisi (2010), which fits our model of permanent brain drain. |
| Keywords: | Brain drain, return migration, permanent migration. |
| JEL: | F22 J24 |
| Date: | 2010–07–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:prt:dpaper:5_2010&r=mig |
| By: | R. RATHELOT (Crest); P. SILLARD (Secrétariat Général Comité interministériel des villes) |
| Abstract: | Most studies about the geographical location of a phenomenon or a population first aggregate data according to administrative boundaries which are generally not related to the issue. When the population under study is rare, and when the sample is not exhaustive, these aggregation choices often lead the results. In this study, we use non-parametric kernel techniques to estimate ratios of population densities. Using this kind of method is not technically costly and allows one to obtain the optimal trade-off between variance and bias. We apply this technique to the distribution of immigrants over the French territory, using data form population censures between 1968 to 1999. Another contribution of this work is to propose a concentration index based on the density ratios obtained in the first step. |
| Keywords: | spatial concentration, geographical location, segregation indices, non-parametric estimation, immigration |
| JEL: | J15 R00 |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:crs:wpdeee:g2010-11&r=mig |