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on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Economy |
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Issue of 2018‒10‒29
five papers chosen by Laura Ştefănescu Centrul European de Studii Manageriale în Administrarea Afacerilor |
| By: | Kuan-Yang Chen (National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences); Chih-Hui Hsiao (National Chiayi University); Po-Yuan Chen (National Dong Hwa University); Cheng-Fei Lee (Shih Chien University, Kaohsiung Campus) |
| Abstract: | In the knowledge economy era, both academia and industry alike have been focused on the impact of market knowledge on innovation performance. However, research addressing the inconsistencies in empirical findings about its impact (such as a negative or insignificant affect) is scarce. Moreover, ambidexterity (exploratory learning/exploitative learning) is one of the central topics in knowledge management. This article marks the first endeavor to adopt the knowledge-based theory and the ambidextrous learning perspective, attempt to create a theoretical framework of knowledge-learning-innovation, and thoroughly examine related causal relationships between different dimensions of the constructs. The empirical results demonstrated the following: market knowledge depth directly and positively impacts process innovation and product innovation; market knowledge breadth indirectly and positively impacts process innovation and product innovation; and there is no significant difference in the effects of the two types of knowledge on the two types of innovation performance. Ambidextrous learning directly and positively affects process innovation and product innovation; ambidextrous organizational learning mediates the effect of market knowledge breadth on process innovation and product innovation, and this mediating effect is more pronounced with exploitative learning; ambidextrous organizational learning does not mediate the effect of market knowledge depth on both types of innovation performance. |
| Keywords: | market knowledge (depth and breadth), ambidextrous learning, process innovation, product innovation |
| JEL: | M10 |
| Date: | 2018–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:8208758&r=knm |
| By: | Miki Miyaki (Chuo University, Faculty of Economics); Yuko Okajima (Osaka University, Office of Management and Planning) |
| Abstract: | This study examines the research productivity of departments in seven former imperial universities of Japan. We categorize the departments into five academic fields: engineering, health sciences (i.e., medicine, dentistry and pharmaceutical), economics, science, and agriculture. Then, the impact of fundamental and external research funds is examined to see whether they positively affect research productivity-measured by the number of papers accepted in peer-reviewed, international academic journals. Additionally, we investigate whether such external funding sources affect productivity in each of the five fields differently, noting any variation between them. The estimation results reveal that, first, the increase of fundamental and external funds per faculty member is positively correlated with research productivity in the fields of engineering and health sciences. Second, considering the results of further investigation into the effects of external funding, research funding by the public sector can increase productivity in each of the five academic fields. Third, the results pertaining to private research funds show that research funding provided by firms can increase productivity in engineering and health sciences. However, for economics, the increase in external funding from firms is negatively correlated with research productivity. This result might be because the purpose of industry-university collaboration differs according to the academic field. Regarding economics, the output from the resulting collaboration might not result in the production of an academic paper, but rather make policy recommendations or provide consulting using quantitative analysis. This study is the first attempt by any Japanese university to analyze research productivity across several departments. The empirical results show that depending on the discipline, the same resources of research funding impact research productivity differently. Nowadays, the Japanese central government has been about the business of reforming resource allocation systems of universities by evaluating their research performance, basing them more on the quantitative indicators such as the key performance indicators (KPI). However, a key result of this study implies that when a relative evaluation of universities is applied, each university fs situation must be more carefully considered, especially in terms of what kinds of academic departments it has, and which specialties or segments it features. |
| Keywords: | financial sources, research productivity, departmental-level analysis, five academic fields |
| JEL: | I22 I23 I28 |
| Date: | 2018–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osk:wpaper:1817r&r=knm |
| By: | Antonio Vezzani (European Commission – JRC); Emanuele Pugliese (European Commission - JRC); Petros Gkotsis (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | In this work we use patent data from the European patent office (EPO) to assess the capabilities of EU regions in developing digital technologies especially focusing on those that are more closely related to the digital transformation. More specifically, we measure ICT patents by considering those containing digital codes, as defined by the OECD. The penetration of digital technologies in the development of innovative products is instead captured by the co-occurrence of digital and non-digital codes within patent documents; we call these patents ICT-combining patents. |
| Keywords: | Industrial transformation, Industry, Digital technologies, ICT, Regional specialisation |
| JEL: | O30 O14 R10 R58 |
| Date: | 2018–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc112912&r=knm |
| By: | Kritsada Patluang (Author-2-Name: Author-2-Workplace-Name: Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective - This paper aims to contribute to inclusive development literature by empirically verifying that some "smart" or "knowledge-and innovation-related" competitiveness enhancing factors, besides raising competitiveness and growth, enable inclusiveness and sustainability. Methodology/Technique - The methodology used includes making ranks of frontier, advanced countries based on World Economic Forum data regarding competitive quantities and qualities of smart factors and growth and inclusive and sustainable outcomes. Then, a Spearman's rank correlation analysis is used to determine the similarities between each factor rank and each outcome rank. Findings - The smart factors show a significant relationship with both growth and inclusiveness/sustainability outcomes; this may be a target for use as policy instruments to promote both growth and inclusiveness. The study found that higher levels of business-sophistication and network-related training, access and use of existing-technology, and ICT utilization factors contribute to higher levels of growth and also infer higher levels of employment, intergeneration eco-adjusted savings and lower levels of inequality, poverty and carbon intensity. Novelty - Given that current government and international organization policies aimed at improving competitiveness/growth vis-à-vis inclusiveness/sustainability remain separated, the results of this study may assist in improving the collaboration between these two objectives. The policy implications of this study include: certain dual competitive-inclusive enhancing policies can be suitably designed and targeted to uplift smart elements and the acceleration of inclusiveness and sustainability alongside the competitiveness-growth nexus. Further, developing countries may learn to leapfrog the development frontier without developing competitiveness and inclusiveness/sustainability separately, but rather each at a time. |
| Keywords: | Competitiveness; Inclusive Development; Smart Policy; Sustainability; Frontier Transformation. |
| JEL: | O20 O32 O38 O43 P48 Q30 Q50 |
| Date: | 2018–09–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jber159&r=knm |
| By: | Tjiptogoro Dinarjo Soehari (Lecturer of Mercu Buana University, Jakarta, Indonesia. Author-2-Name: Djumarno Author-2-Workplace-Name: Lecturer of Mercu Buana University, Jakarta Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective - Corruption is the greatest threat for growth and stability in an organization. The eradication of corruption has been achieved through instruments, law enforcement and inspectorate measures, but corruption levels in Indonesia are still not as low as other ASEAN countries such as Singapore and Malaysia. It is therefore necessary to expand the measures taken to eradicate corruption not only in terms of legal measures, but also within human resource management strategies. Methodology/Technique - This research uses a quantitative explorative technique using SPSS, a dependent variables of Prevent Corruption (Y), and independent variables of Organizational Culture (X1), Competence (X2), Leadership (X3) and Internal Control (X4). The study sample is the Directorate General of a Ministry in Indonesia with a population of 525 people, and a sample of 149 people. Findings - The study found that: (1) The regression equation model is Y = 0.014 + 0.972 X1 + 0,030 X2 - 0,053 X3 + 0,049 X4, RSq = 0,969, F = 1095,574; (2) culture is the most dominant factor in preventing corruption; (3) Competence, Leadership and Internal Control have no significant effect on the prevention of corruption; (4) Novelty - In the absence of improvements to existing policies, the rate of corruption in Indonesia is around 0.014 on a scale of 1-5. |
| Keywords: | Corruption; Prevention; Organizational Culture; Competence; Leadership; Internal Control. |
| JEL: | M20 M38 M39 |
| Date: | 2018–09–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jber156&r=knm |