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on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Economy |
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Issue of 2014‒06‒07
ten papers chosen by Laura Stefanescu European Research Centre of Managerial Studies in Business Administration |
| By: | José García-Quevedo (Barcelona Institute of Economics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona); Gabriele Pellegrino (Barcelona Institute of Economics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona); Maria Savona (SPRU, University of Sussex, UK) |
| Keywords: | R&D strategy, Barriers to innovation, Demand uncertainty, Lack of demand, Innovative inputs, Panel data |
| Date: | 2014–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sru:ssewps:2014-09&r=knm |
| By: | Kibae Kim (College of Engineering, Seoul National University); Jorn Altmann (College of Engineering, Seoul National University) |
| Abstract: | One of the notable trends in the software industry is that software vendors provide their software on a platform as a service. Software users consume those software services or compose new services by combining those existing software services. The software vendors, their services, software users, and the platform represent an open innovation system. Collective intelligence is the underlying mechanism for the cooperation between the users of the system, i.e. their continuous reuse of existing software services for the creation of new services. A successfully working software services system is a system that is continuously adapted by its users to meet their needs. The evolution of this software-as-a-service (SaaS) innovation system and the behavior of SaaS users within this system are still unknown. In this paper, we describe the evolution of a SaaS network. The SaaS network consists of nodes (i.e. software services with open interfaces) and links (i.e. the co-development relationships of software services with open interfaces). The results suggest that the SaaS network has gradually grown into a scale-free network with a slight concavity in its cumulative degree distribution. The results also suggest that the topology characteristics are invariant over time except for the early time periods. Furthermore, the results suggest that the SaaS network is not as open (i.e. inter-operable) as its technology let us expect. Considering these results, we imply that SaaS innovation is achieved by platform providers striving to capture users with a few, leading SaaS services. That means, SaaS innovation is not achieved through the possibilities of potential combinations between any kind of SaaS services as could be expected theoretically. These findings are expected to stir further research on the actual structure of open innovation systems that are driven by collective intelligence. |
| Keywords: | Software-as-a-Service, Service Composition, Composite Services, Mashup, Network Evolution, Scale-Free Network, Openness, Collective Intelligence, Software Industry, Software Platforms. |
| JEL: | D85 L14 L86 O31 O32 O33 |
| Date: | 2013–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:snv:dp2009:2013108&r=knm |
| By: | Bastien Bernela (CRIEF - Centre de Recherche sur l'Intégration Economique et Financière - Université de Poitiers); Rachel Levy (LEREPS - Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche sur l'Economie, les Politiques et les Systèmes Sociaux - Université des Sciences Sociales - Toulouse I : EA4212 - École Nationale de Formation Agronomique - ENFA - Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Toulouse - Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II) |
| Abstract: | We discuss the common hypothesis that, in collaborative projects, all partners interact with each other in homogeneous ways. More precisely, this research aims to determine the existence and frequency of Partner interactions in a collaborative project. From a survey of participants involved in innovation projects approved by a cluster, we collect information about 754 collaboration ties. We then test the impact of several determinants on the existence and frequency of their observed interactions. |
| Keywords: | Collaboration tie, interaction, inter-organizational networks, cluster, complete graph |
| Date: | 2014–05–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-00995175&r=knm |
| By: | Ramon L. Clarete (School of Economics, University of the Philippines Diliman); Ernesto M. Pernia (School of Economics, University of the Philippines Diliman); Ammielou Gaduena (School of Economics, University of the Philippines Diliman); Adrian Mendoza (School of Economics, University of the Philippines Diliman) |
| Abstract: | Starting with the premise that technological innovation and economic growth are interactive and mutually reinforcing, this paper argues that in order to have a fighting chance in the Asean Economic Community (AEC), let alone global, competition, the Philippines (PH) needs to appreciably ramp up investment spending in science, engineering, and research and development. To the extent that this is achieved – along with the other ongoing policy and institutional reforms – the economy could in time be on a stronger platform to face up to AEC challenges. The paper first revisits PH’s macro-economy, poverty, and economic sectors vis-à-vis its Asean and East Asian neighbors. Next, it examines PH’s regional and global competitiveness. Then, it looks into the country’s current human resource and intellectual capital investments, mainly in higher education and technical/vocational training, as well as in R&D and innovation. A more focused discussion on the University of the Philippines – the “national university” – vis-à-vis its comparators in AEC, including ways to improve its competitiveness, follows. The final section concludes with some recommendations. |
| Keywords: | Science and technology (S & T), Research and development (R & D), Economic development, Higher education institutions (HEIs), Economic integration, Asean, Philippines |
| JEL: | F15 J24 O O3 O31 |
| Date: | 2014–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:phs:dpaper:201407&r=knm |
| By: | Abdelkader Baaziz (IRSIC - Institut de Recherches en Sciences de l'Information et de Communication - Aix Marseille Université : EA4262); Luc Quoniam (IRSIC - Institut de Recherches en Sciences de l'Information et de Communication - Aix Marseille Université : EA4262); David Reymond (I3M - Information, Milieux, Médias, Médiations - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis [UNS] : EA3820 - Université de Toulon : EA3820) |
| Abstract: | Avec une décennie d'existence timide en Algérie, l'intelligence économique est une discipline peu connue des académiciens et trop négligées des praticiens. D'abord, il y a un véritable problème de formation en IE. En effet, le peu de formations existantes en Algérie sont inspirées des modèles anglo-saxons ou européens (en particulier le modèle français), et sont donc en inadéquation totale avec les besoins réels de l'entreprise algérienne. Les personnes acquièrent des formations théoriques, loin de l'action concrète sur le terrain, d'où le risque de véhiculer une mauvaise image de l'Intelligence Économique. Ensuite, le peu d'entreprises Algériennes qui ont adopté l'IE comme outil de développement et de compétitivité, souvent influencées par les écoles occidentales de l'IE, se concentrent davantage sur des aspects de sécurité de l'information ou du lobbying que sur l'innovation. Pourtant, c'est l'innovation qui devrait être le levier par excellence du développement de la compétitivité et de la croissance économique en Algérie. Pour cela, il est important de " troquer " le paradigme actuel contre un nouveau dont les clés sont : - Utilisation " légale et gratuite " de l'information stratégique contenue dans les bases de données Brevet. En effet, le brevet permet le développement des entreprises mais aussi des Etats en voie de développement. - L'adoption des " soft technologies " et du " jugaad innovation " comme modèles de développement économique à l'instar des pays du BRICS et particulièrement, le Brésil et l'Inde. Cette communication tentera de développer ce paradigme alternatif comme plaidoyer d'une IE " utile " au développement des entreprises algériennes et de croissance économique de l'Algérie. |
| Keywords: | Intelligence économique; Brevet; Innovation frugale; Jugaad Innovation; Triple hélice; Soft technologies |
| Date: | 2014–05–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-00995776&r=knm |
| By: | Liu, Ju (CIRCLE, Lund University); Chaminade, Cristina (CIRCLE, Lund University) |
| Abstract: | The recent wave of globalisation has been characterised not only by an increased number of cross-border production networks but also by an increasing number of cross-border innovation networks. However, most literature treats global innovation networks (GINs) as an extension of global production networks (GPNs). Taking a network perspective and based on primary data, this paper explores the composition of and relations between the GPNs and GINs of two multinational companies (MNCs). It finds that the case firms’ GINs and GPNs interplay and the interplay is to a greater extent in the ICT case firm than in the automobile case firm. The case firms’ GINs have more diverse actors and are more centralised than their GPNs but the reason is different in two cases. Meanwhile, the GINs and GPNs share the same relational pattern in both case firms. The paper suggests that theoretically considering GPN and GIN as two different but interwoven layers of a MNCs’ global value creation network may provide better conceptual clarity and may generate more precise implications for practitioners and policymakers. |
| Keywords: | Global production network; Global innovation network; Multinational companies; Social network analysis; Sweden |
| JEL: | M16 O32 |
| Date: | 2014–05–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:lucirc:2014_007&r=knm |
| By: | Daniel Nepelski (European Commission – JRC - IPTS); Giuditta de Prato (European Commission – JRC - IPTS) |
| Abstract: | The European ICT Poles of Excellence project aims to identify ICT R&D&I-related activities which are geographically concentrated and which demonstrate high performance in ICT innovative activities: the European ICT Poles of Excellence. It also aims to help map the dynamics of ICT-related innovation and economic geography in Europe, pointing to the presence and possibly the emergence of agglomerated and globally performing ICT activities. This policy brief offers a synthesis of the major findings of the EIPE study. It also provides some insights into the policy implications these findings indicate. The study found significant evidence to show that Europe hosts a small number of highly ICT intensive regions, i.e. EIPEs. Together they participate in a networked ecosystem made up of very strong hubs in the global ICT innovation system and a multifaceted periphery with local and global links. Despite the highly specific nature of each of these regions, including the European ICT Poles of Excellence, whose characteristics vary considerably, their identification and analysis offer some strong implications for policy. |
| Keywords: | ICT; information and communication technologies; innovation, R&D, ICT industry; region; Europe; Poles of Excellence; clusters; indicators; methods |
| JEL: | O32 O52 R12 R28 |
| Date: | 2014–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc85408&r=knm |
| By: | Barbara Bre?ko (JRC/IPTS); Panagiotis Kampylis (JRC/IPTS); Yves Punie (JRC/IPTS) |
| Abstract: | Technologies for learning are considered as key enablers of educational innovation. However, their full potential is not being realised in formal education settings and major questions are being asked about the sustainability, systemic impact and mainstreaming of ICT-enabled learning innovations (ICT-ELI) in Europe. This report presents 60 recommendations for immediate strategies and actions to be undertaken by policy-makers at local, regional, national, and EU level to further develop and mainstream ICT-ELI with systemic impact, contributing to the modernisation of Education and Training systems in Europe. The recommendations were developed in the context of the 'Up scaling Creative Classrooms in Europe (SCALE CCR) project, carried out by JRC-IPTS on behalf of the European Commission, DG Education and Culture, based on desk research; case reports from Europe and Asia; continuous stakeholders consultations; and in-depth expert interviews. The final set of recommendations was further validated and prioritised through an online consultation with 149 educational stakeholders. The recommendations were clustered into seven areas presenting a holistic agenda to guide the further development and mainstreaming of ICT-ELI: Content and Curricula; Assessment; School Staff Professional Development; Research; Organisation and Leadership; Connectedness; and Infrastructure. The number and variety of the recommendations provided depict the complexity of ICT-ELI and the systemic approach needed for their mainstreaming across Education and Training systems in Europe. |
| Keywords: | ICT-enabled innovation for learning, Creative Classrooms, conditions for sustainability and scalability of educational innovation, recommendations for policy actions |
| JEL: | I20 I21 I28 I29 |
| Date: | 2014–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc83502&r=knm |
| By: | Anna Bohnstedt |
| Abstract: | We develop a general equilibrium model with heterogeneous firms à la Melitz (2003), where both the government and firms can invest into R&D to improve the country’s technological potential. A higher technological potential raises the average productivity of firms, thus implying lower consumer prices, and eventually leads to a welfare gain. |
| Keywords: | Heterogeneous firms; public and private R&D investments; basic research; innovation |
| JEL: | O3 H4 |
| Date: | 2014–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rwi:repape:0485&r=knm |
| By: | Hicham SADOK; Youssef FAHMI; Sami BEN JABEUR; Abdellatif TAGHZOUTI |
| Abstract: | Evaluer une entreprise en se limitant à la lecture du bilan financier est aujourd'hui une gageure et une source d'erreur. L'entreprise capitalise et produit d'autres valeurs qui ne sont pas toujours visibles financièrement. Il faut donc utiliser d'autres moyens pour s'approcher au plus près d'une évaluation suffisamment pertinente. En attendant qu’il puisse être globalement valorisé avec fiabilité, le capital immatériel est le complément indispensable à la valorisation de l’entreprise par la méthode des cash-flows futurs, car il permet d’asseoir la crédibilité des hypothèses retenues sur leur adéquation avec la qualité du capital immatériel. |
| Keywords: | capital immatériel, valorisation de l’entreprise,professionnels du marché financier et création de valeur |
| Date: | 2014–06–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipg:wpaper:2014-314&r=knm |