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on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Economy |
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Issue of 2014‒02‒21
ten papers chosen by Laura Stefanescu European Research Centre of Managerial Studies in Business Administration |
| By: | Federica Rossi (Birkbeck, University of London) |
| Date: | 2014–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:img:wpaper:16&r=knm |
| By: | Dachs, Bernhard; Ebersberger, Bernd; Kinkel, Steffen; Som, Oliver |
| Abstract: | We investigate the effects of production offshoring on the innovation activities of manufacturing firms in the home country. The analysis is based on a dataset of more than 3000 manufacturing firms from seven European countries. We find that offshoring firms on average employ a higher share of R&D and design personnel, introduce new products more frequently to the market, and invest more frequently in advanced process technologies compared to non-offshoring firms. Concerns that offshoring may hurt innovation because of the lost links between production and product development are not supported by the evidence. -- |
| Keywords: | offshoring,R&D,home country effects,investment,product innovation,process innovation |
| JEL: | F23 O31 O33 |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:fisidp:39&r=knm |
| By: | Camilla Jensen; Itzhak Goldberg |
| Abstract: | The objective of the PICK-ME (Policy Incentives for Creation of Knowledge – Methods and Evidence) research project is to provide theoretical and empirical perspectives on innovation which give a greater role to the demand-side aspect of innovation. The main question is how can policy make enterprises more willing to innovate? This task is fulfilled by identifying what we consider the central or most salient aspect of a demand-side innovation-driven economy, which is the small and entrepreneurial yet fast growing and innovative firm. We use the term ?Gazelle? to signify this type of firm throughout the paper. The main concern of policy-makers should therefore be how to support Gazelle type of firms through various policies. The effectiveness of different policy instruments are considered. For example, venture capitalism is in the paper identified as an important modern institution that renders exactly the type of coordination necessary to bring about an innovation system more orientated towards the demand side. This is because experienced entrepreneurs with superior skills in terms of judging the marketability of new innovations step in as financiers. Other factor market bottlenecks on the skills side must be targeted through education policies that fosters centers of excellence. R&D incentives are also considered as a separate instrument but more a question for future research since there is no evidence available on R&D incentives as a Gazelle type of policy. Spatial policies to foster more innovation have been popular in the past. But we conclude that whereas the literature often finds that new knowledge is developed in communities of physically proximate firms, there is no overshadowing evidence showing that spatial policies in particular had any impact on generating more of the Gazelle type of firms. |
| Keywords: | Innovation, demand-side driven policies, Gazelles, bottlenecks in factor markets, venture capitalism, ontology of knowledge, education systems, clusters |
| JEL: | B52 B53 D78 D83 G24 M13 N94 O3 O43 |
| Date: | 2014–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sec:cnstan:0468&r=knm |
| By: | Schiederig, Tim; Herstatt, Cornelius |
| Abstract: | Within this paper we examine the strategic perspective of the emerging phenomenon of performance-oriented systems (e.g. car-sharing, cloud computing). Based on twenty-seven system examples from four industries, we derive six founding propositions that delineate their strategic characteristics and identify initial enabling factors. Our research qualifies recent work on superior architectural knowledge and provides managerial guidance for system development. -- |
| Keywords: | Strategy,Innovation Management,System Development,Architectural Knowledge |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:tuhtim:77&r=knm |
| By: | Hanen SDIRI; Mohamed AYADI |
| Abstract: | Innovation is widely recognized as a key driver of economic growth and competitiveness. Previous works dealing with it has specially focused on its effect on the economic performance of innovators. In this context, the literature distinguishes between four kinds of innovation: product, process, radical and incremental. Indeed, despite their importance, the innovation determinants and the innovation making-decision are less studied. Based on a sample of 108 Tunisian service firms, the purpose of this paper is to find out the way by which firms make their decision to innovate: simultaneously (one-stage model) or sequentially (twostage model). We obtain that the two-stage model has a statistically significant advantage in predicting innovation. In practice, we argue that the sequential model illustrates well the innovation making-decision procedures. |
| Keywords: | Innovation, Decision making, Service sector |
| JEL: | L80 O31 O32 |
| Date: | 2014–02–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipg:wpaper:2014-092&r=knm |
| By: | Consoli,Davide; Elche,Dioni |
| Abstract: | It is argued that the literature on SR&D outsourcing focuses mostly on client firms, that is, the demand side, while little is known of the characteristics of the supplying sector. The present paper tackles this gap by elaborating an exploratory analysis of this business service sector with a view to analyse the main patterns of specialization and their evolution over time. Using data on job content and skill requirements in the United States we explore how different forms of knowledge co-exist and co-evolve within a changing sector. |
| Keywords: | R&D, Skills, Occupations |
| JEL: | O32 L84 J24 |
| Date: | 2014–02–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ing:wpaper:201401&r=knm |
| By: | Prettner, Klaus; Werner, Katharina |
| Abstract: | We analyze the differential growth effects of basic research, applied research, and embodied human capital accumulation in an R&D-based growth model with endogenous fertility and endogenous education. In line with the empirical evidence, our model allows for i) a negative association between long-run economic growth and population growth, ii) a positive association between long-run economic growth and education, and iii) a positive association between the level of per capita GDP and expenditures for basic research. Our results also indicate that raising public investments in basic research reduces the growth rate of GDP in the short run because resources have to be drawn away from other productive sectors of the economy. These short-run costs of basic research might be an explanation for the reluctance of governments to increase public R&D expenditures notwithstanding the long-run benefits of such a policy. -- |
| Keywords: | basic vs. applied science,endogenous schooling decisions,endogenous fertility decisions,R&D-based growth,governmental research policies |
| JEL: | H41 J11 J24 O32 O41 |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:cegedp:186&r=knm |
| By: | Manel Guechtouli |
| Abstract: | This paper is dealing with major issues on a competitive intelligence system. Our research is based on an inductive approach as we study the case of the competitive intelligence system of a big technological firm. Results identify three categories of factors that are widely discussed. Managerial recommendations are formulated. |
| Keywords: | Competitive Intelligence, organization, issues, formal, informal. |
| Date: | 2014–01–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipg:wpaper:2014-067&r=knm |
| By: | Bodas Freitas , Isabel Maria; Geuna, Aldo; Lawson, Cornelia; Rossi, Federica (University of Turin) |
| Abstract: | We investigate under what circumstances firms (industry inventors) are more likely to engage in interactions where governance of the relationship is shared between the firm and the university, as opposed to interactions where the relationship is governed unilaterally by the firm. Using PIEMINV, an original dataset of European industry patents in the Italian region of Piedmont, we analyse the characteristics of inventors with diverse experience in projects involving interactions with universities, governed by institutional contracts or personal contracts. Our results suggest that reliance among inventors of the two forms of governance is almost equal, and that unilateral governance forms are preferred when there are high levels of trust among the parties based on embeddedness in local social and education networks. This is likely because it involves less cumbersome and more direct interactions. We find also that knowledge characteristics are not particularly important discriminants of the choice between governance forms: the advantage of shared governance seems to reside mainly in the possibility to mitigate monitoring and asymmetric information problems in contexts of relatively low levels of mutual knowledge and trust. |
| Date: | 2014–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uto:labeco:201401&r=knm |
| By: | Hottenrott, Hanna; Lawson, Cornelia (University of Turin) |
| Abstract: | This paper empirically investigates complementarities between different sources of research funding with regard to academic publishing. We find for a sample of UK engineering academics that competitive funding is associated with an increase in ex-post publications but that industry funding decreases the marginal utility of public funding by lowering the publication and citation rate increases associated with public grants. However, when holding all other explanatory variables at their mean, the negative effect of the interaction does not translate into an effective decrease in publication and citation numbers. The paper also shows that the positive effect of public funding is driven by UK research council and charity grants and that EU funding has no significant effect on publication outcomes. |
| Date: | 2013–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uto:labeco:201318&r=knm |