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on Intellectual Property Rights |
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Issue of 2014‒05‒24
five papers chosen by Giovanni Ramello Universita' del Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro |
| By: | Mercedes Campi; Marco Duenas |
| Abstract: | This paper studies the eect of strengthening intellectual property rights (IPRs) after the signing of the TRIPS on agricultural trade and bilateral trade links, for the period 1995-2011. It uses data of agricultural exports and an index of intellectual property (IP) protection that considers specicities of this sector, for a set of 60 economies that allows to study possible divergent results for developed and developing countries. The estimates show that stronger IPRs systems aect negatively total exports and imports of agricultural products, especially for developing countries. At a more disaggregated level, we found heterogeneous results depending on the sub-sectors, but the correlation is negative for most of them. The eect on trade links was investigated using a gravity model and we found that an increase in the IP protection levels is expected to have ambiguous eects depending on the sub-sector and level of development of trading country partners. The increase of IP protection of the exporter and the importer was investigated separately and, in some cases, asymmetric eects were found. |
| Keywords: | Intellectual Property Rights; International Trade; Agriculture; Gravity Model |
| Date: | 2014–05–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ssa:lemwps:2014/12&r=ipr |
| By: | Reitmeier, Martina; Roosen, Jutta |
| Abstract: | Despite their growing economic influence, older consumers are often neglected as a target group because they are considered brand loyal and not flexible in their consumption habits. However, previous research suggests that life transitions may be associated with changes in older consumers’ behavior. To investigate whether late-life transitions predict a greater likelihood of changing food related brand preferences, we conducted two studies, examining four focus groups (preliminary study) and analyzing real purchase data of German consumers from 2004 to 2008 (main study). Our findings provide empirical evidence that life transitions (e.g., transition to retirement) increase the likelihood of changes in food-related brand preferences for older consumers. These findings have implications for policy makers and marketing practitioners. |
| Keywords: | Health Economics and Policy, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aajs14:166111&r=ipr |
| By: | Author-Name: Stephen Bazen (Aix-Marseille University (Aix-Marseille School of Economics) GREQAM / CNRS and EHESS); Laurence Bouvard (Aix-Marseille University (Aix-Marseille School of Economics) GREQAM / CNRS and EHESS); Jean-Benoît Zimmermann (Aix-Marseille University (Aix-Marseille School of Economics) GREQAM / CNRS and EHESS) |
| Abstract: | Jamendo is a website for the legal, free downloading of music. This platform of “free” online music, the biggest in the world, operates on the basis of Creative Commons licences. The survey presented here was carried out on a sample of 767 artists (solo musicians or groups) who are members of Jamendo. Our purpose in carrying out this survey was to identify as precisely as possible the characteristics of the artists present on Jamendo and the type of CC licence they choose in order to better understand the motives for their choices. To go further, the question is that of the Jamendo business model from the artists’ point of view. Does Jamendo simply represent a great opportunity for amateurs to showcase their music and win an audience? Or is Jamendo also capable of attracting professional artists, for whom earning an income from their music is essential? To put it another way, the underlying question is whether platforms like Jamendo constitute a possible alternative model for the music industry of tomorrow. |
| Keywords: | Music, Intellectual Property, Creative Commons, Business Model |
| Date: | 2014–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aim:wpaimx:1412&r=ipr |
| By: | Lassoued, Rim; Hobbs, Jill E. |
| Abstract: | Given the credence nature of food quality and food safety attributes, consumers rely on abstract systems of regulation as well as quality signals such as brands to make informed choices. Motivated by the need to further investigate what influences consumer confidence in credence attributes, this paper develops a conceptual framework in which trust in the food system (i.e. government, farmers, manufacturers, and retailers) and brand trust are posited to influence public confidence in credence attributes. The proposition is tested using Structural Equation Modeling techniques based on survey data from a sample of Canadian consumers of fresh chicken meat and of packaged green salad. Survey results indicate that while both trust in the food system and brand trust are positively associated with consumer confidence in credence attributes, the influence of system trust on public confidence is more pronounced than the effect of trust in individual food brands. The effect of brand trust also appears to vary across product categories. The paper offers insights into the use of SEM to model the complexity underlying the determinants and outcomes of trust within food networks. |
| Keywords: | brand trust, structural equation modelling, food safety, food quality, chicken, salad, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Food Security and Poverty, Health Economics and Policy, |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aajs14:166103&r=ipr |
| By: | Liu, Yiazo; Lopez, Rigoberto |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aajs14:166104&r=ipr |