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on Information and Communication Technologies |
| By: | Jia Barwick, Panle; Liu, Yanyan; Patacchini, Eleonora; Wu, Qi |
| Abstract: | Information is a crucial ingredient in economic decision making. Yet measuring the extent of information exchange among individuals and its effect on economic outcomes is a difficult task. We use the universe of de-identified cellphone usage records from more than one million users in a Chinese city over twelve months to quantify information exchange among individuals and examine the role of referrals -- human carriers of information -- in urban labor markets. We present the first evidence that information flow (measured by call volume) correlates strongly with worker flows, a pattern that persists at different levels of geographic aggregation. Condition on information flow, socioeconomic diversity in information sources (social contacts), especially that associated with the working population, is crucial and helps to predict worker flows. We supplement our phone records with auxiliary data sets on residential housing prices, job postings, and firm attributes from administrative data. Information passed on through referrals is valuable: referred jobs are associated with higher monetary gains, a higher likelihood to transition from part-time to full-time, reduced commuting time, and a higher probability of entering desirable jobs. Referral information is more valuable for young workers, people switching jobs from suburbs to the inner city, and those changing their industrial sector. Firms receiving referrals are more likely to have successful recruits and experience faster growth. |
| Keywords: | Entrop; Information; Mobile Communication; Social Networks; Urban Labor Market |
| JEL: | J60 L15 R23 |
| Date: | 2019–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:13786&r=all |
| By: | Wolfgang Kerber (Philipps University Marburg); Daniel Moeller (Philipps University Marburg) |
| Abstract: | The need for regulatory solutions for access to in-vehicle data and resources of connected cars is one of the big controversial and unsolved policy issues. Last year the EU revised the Motor Vehicle Type Approval Regulation which already entailed a FRAND-like solution for the access to repair and maintenance information (RMI) to protect competition on the automotive aftermarkets. However, the transition to connected cars changes the technological conditions for this regulatory solution significantly. This paper analyzes the reform of the type approval regulation and shows that the regulatory solutions for access to RMI are so far only very insufficiently capable of dealing with the challenges coming along with increased connectivity, e.g. with regard to the new remote diagnostic, repair and maintenance services. Therefore, an important result of the paper is that the transition to connected cars will require a further reform of the rules for the regulated access to RMI (esp. with regard to data access, interoperability, and safety/security issues). However, our analysis also suggests that the basic approach of the current regulated access regime for RMI in the type approval regulation can also be a model for developing general solutions for the currently unsolved problems of access to in-vehicle data and resources in the ecosystem of connected driving. |
| Keywords: | data access, Internet of Things, connected cars, aftermarkets, digital economy |
| JEL: | K23 L62 L86 O33 |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mar:magkse:201915&r=all |
| By: | Matilde Mas (University of Valencia and Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas (IVIE)); Juan Fernandez de Guevara (University of Valencia and Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas (IVIE)); Juan Carlos Robledo (Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas (IVIE)); Riccardo Righi (European Commission - JRC); Melisande Cardona (European Commission - JRC); Sofia Samoili (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The 2019 PREDICT Key Facts Report provides a detailed analysis of the state of ICT R&D activities in the EU. This is the twelfth edition of a series that is published annually. As the previous editions, an online version is available at: https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/predict. The report covers the period between 1995 and 2016, providing a long-term analysis of the European Union (EU) ICT sector and its R&D, covering a whole cycle from the initial expansion years, to the double recession that began in early 2008, and the most recent evolution up to 2016. Whenever possible, the report includes nowcasted data for 2017 and 2018. The statistical information provided by the figures allows the comparison between: the ICT sector and the total economy; the ICT manufacturing sector and the ICT services sector; the four ICT manufacturing sectors, two ICT services sectors, and MC and RS sectors; EU countries; the EU and the international context (including the most relevant countries in the world economy). The report is focused especially on the ICT R&D macroeconomic dynamics. |
| Keywords: | R&D, ICT, innovation, statistics, digital economy, ICT industry analysis, ICT R&D and innovation |
| JEL: | O30 O32 O52 |
| Date: | 2019–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc116987&r=all |
| By: | Sungwon Lee (The Korea Transport Institute); Gyung Chuk Kim (The Korea Transport Institute); Seung Kook Wu (The Korea Transport Institute); Jieun Oh (The Korea Transport Institute) |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the impact that advances in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have on the behaviour of transport users and their mode choice habits in Seoul. It discusses the stated preference survey conducted in Seoul and the analysis carried out using the discrete choice modelling approach to understand the sensitivity of the demand for private and public transport uses on time, cost and availability of ICT. |
| Date: | 2019–02–22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:itfaab:2019/02-en&r=all |
| By: | Simplice A. Asongu (Yaoundé/Cameroon); Nicholas M. Odhiambo (Pretoria, South Africa) |
| Abstract: | The research assesses how information and communication technology (ICT) modulates the effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic growth dynamics in 25 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa for the period 1980-2014. The employed economic growth dynamics areGross Domestic Product (GDP) growth, real GDP and GDP per capita while ICT is measured by mobile phone penetration and internet penetration. The empirical evidence is based on the Generalised Method of Moments. The study finds that both internet penetration and mobile phone penetration overwhelmingly modulate FDI to induce overall positive net effects on all three economic growth dynamics. Moreover, the positive net effects are consistently more apparent in internet-centric regressions compared to “mobile phone†-oriented specifications. In the light of negative interactive effects, net effects are decomposed to provide thresholds at which ICT policy variables should be complemented with other policy initiatives in order to engender favorable outcomes on economic growth dynamics. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed. |
| Keywords: | Economic Output; Foreign Investment; Information Technology; Sub-Saharan Africa |
| JEL: | E23 F21 F30 L96 O55 |
| Date: | 2019–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:exs:wpaper:19/038&r=all |