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on Human Capital and Human Resource Management |
| By: | Petia Topalova; Eric V. Edmonds; Nina Pavcnik |
| Abstract: | Do the short and medium term adjustment costs associated with trade liberalization influence schooling and child labor decisions? We examine this question in the context of India's 1991 tariff reforms. Overall, in the 1990s, rural India experienced a dramatic increase in schooling and decline in child labor. However, communities that relied heavily on employment in protected industries before liberalization do not experience as large an increase in schooling or decline in child labor. The data suggest that this failure to follow the national trend of increasing schooling and diminishing work is associated with a failure to follow the national trend in poverty reduction. Schooling costs appear to play a large role in this relationship between poverty, schooling, and child labor. Extrapolating from our results, our estimates imply that roughly half of India's rise in schooling and a third of the fall in child labor during the 1990s can be explained by falling poverty and therefore improved capacity to afford schooling. |
| Keywords: | Child labor , literacy , trade liberalization , India , |
| Date: | 2007–04–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfwpa:07/94&r=hrm |
| By: | James B. Davies (University of Western Ontario); Martin G. Kocher (University of Innsbruck); Matthias Sutter (University of Amsterdam) |
| Abstract: | We examine the publications of authors affiliated with an economics research institution in Canada in (i) the Top-10 journals in economics according to journals' impact factors, and (ii) the Canadian Journal of Economics. We consider all publications in the even years from 1980 to 2000. Canadian economists contributed about 5% of publications in the Top-10 journals and about 55% of publications in the Canadian Journal of Economics over this period. We identify the most active research centres and identify trends in their relative outputs over time. Those research centres successful in publishing in the Top-10 journals are found to also dominate the Canadian Journal of Economics. Additionally, we check the robustness of our findings with respect to journal selection, and we present data on authors' Ph.D.-origin, thereby indicating output and its concentration in graduate education. |
| Keywords: | research in economics; Canadian economics; top journals |
| JEL: | A14 |
| Date: | 2007 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uwo:uwowop:20072&r=hrm |
| By: | Bernd Frick (Witten/Herdecke University); Robert Simmons (Lancaster University) |
| Abstract: | Although a considerable literature exists on determinants of managerial compensation, much of it focussing on the role of incentives, there is much less known about the im-pact of managerial remuneration and quality upon attainment of organizational goals. In this paper we use a novel panel data set from the German premier soccer league (Bundesliga) as a case to show how variations in managerial compensation impact posi-tively upon organizational (team) success. This positive impact is revealed using sto-chastic frontier production function estimation. Given a particular amount of spending on players relative to the rest of the Bundesliga, a team that hires a better quality coach can expect to achieve a higher points score by reducing technical inefficiency. However, our results also suggest that the market for head coaches may be allocatively inefficient in that coaches are paid below their marginal revenue products. |
| Keywords: | head coaches, soccer, efficiency, stochastic frontier analysis |
| JEL: | J44 L83 M50 |
| Date: | 2007–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:spe:wpaper:0708&r=hrm |
| By: | Thomas Siedler (Institute for Social and Economic Research) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines whether schooling has a positive impact on individual's political interest, voting turnout, democratic values, political involvement and political group membership, using the German General Social Survey (ALLBUS). Between 1949 and 1969 the number of compulsory years of schooling was increased from eight to nine years in the Federal Republic of Germany, gradually over time and across federal states. These law changes allow one to investigate the causal impact of years of schooling on citizenship. Years of schooling are found to be positively correlated with a broad range of political outcome measures. However, when exogenous increase in schooling through law changes is used, there is no evidence of a causal effect running from schooling to citizenship in Germany. |
| Date: | 2007–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ese:iserwp:2007-02&r=hrm |