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on Business, Economic and Financial History |
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Issue of 2015‒03‒13
thirty papers chosen by |
| By: | Xavier Tafunell; Cristián Ducoing |
| Abstract: | This work offers non-residential capital stock estimation for major Latin American economies – Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico - made towards a homogeneous method. This work covers the whole twentieth century and the years of the XXI century, expanding backward half century the present available estimations. Our research has the virtue of creating a capital stock method that could be applied to almost all Latin American economies, using the gross fixed capital formation data base (1850–1950) elaborated by one of the authors. This data could be linked with the investment series of standardized National Accounts of the Region, by ECLAC (Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean). Also, the authors have done a comparison between Latin American countries and most advanced economies, especially on the comparative performance of two settlers countries, Argentina and Australia. |
| Keywords: | Capital Stock, Latin America, Gross fixed capital formation, National Accounts. |
| JEL: | N16 E22 E01 |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:upf:upfgen:1472&r=his |
| By: | Nadia Campaniello; Rowena Gray; Giovanni Mastrobouni |
| Abstract: | Is there any return to education in criminal activities? This is the first paper that investigates whether education has not only a positive impact on legitimate, but also on illegitimate activities. We use as a case study one of the longest running criminal corporations in history: the Italian-American mafia. Its most successful members have been capable businessmen, orchestrating crimes that require abilities that might be learned at school: extracting the optimal rent when setting up a racket, weighting interests against default risk when starting a loan sharking business or organising supply chains, logistics and distribution when setting up a drug dealing system. We address this question by comparing mobsters with their closest (non-mobster) neighbors using United States Census data in 1940. We document that mobsters have one year less education than their neighbors on average. None of the specifications presented identified any significant difference in the returns to education between these two groups. Private returns to education exist also in the illegal activities characterised by a certain degree of complexity as in the case of organized crime in mid-twentieth century United States. |
| Date: | 2015–02–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:esx:essedp:763&r=his |
| By: | Henriques, Sofia Teives (University of Southern Denmark); Sharp, Paul (University of Southern Denmark) |
| Abstract: | We examine the case of Denmark - a country which historically had next to no domestic energy resources - for which we present new historical energy accounts for the years 1800-1913. We demonstrate that Denmark’s take off at the end of the nineteenth century was relatively energy dependent. We relate this to her well-known agricultural transformation and development through the dairy industry, and thus complement the literature which argues that expensive energy hindered industrialization, by arguing that similar obstacles would have precluded other countries from a more agriculture-based growth. The Danish cooperative creameries, which spread throughout the country over the last two decades of the nineteenth century, were dependent on coal. Although Denmark had next to no domestic coal deposits, we demonstrate that her geography allowed cheap availability throughout the country through imports. On top of this we emphasize that another important source of energy was imported feed for the cows. |
| Keywords: | Coal, Denmark, energy transition, agriculture |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cge:wacage:217&r=his |
| By: | Morgan Kelly (University College Dublin); Cormac Ó Gráda (University College Dublin) |
| Abstract: | Although largely absent from modern accounts of the Industrial Revolution, watches were the first mass produced consumer durable, and were Adam Smith’s pre-eminent example of technological progress. In fact, Smith makes the notable claim that watch prices may have fallen by up to 95 per cent over the preceding century; a claim that this paper attempts to evaluate. We look at changes in the reported value of over 3,200 stolen watches from records of criminal trials in the Old Bailey court in London from 1685 to 1810. Before allowing for quality improvements we find that the real price of watches in nearly all categories falls steadily by 1.3 per cent per year, equivalent to a fall of 75 per cent over a century, a rate considerably above the growth rate of average labour productivity in British industry in the early nineteenth century. |
| Keywords: | Watch prices, Adam Smith, Industrial Revolution |
| JEL: | N0 |
| Date: | 2015–03–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ucn:wpaper:201505&r=his |
| By: | Humphries, Jane (Oxford University); Weisdorf, Jacob (Odense and CEPR) |
| Abstract: | This paper presents two wage series for unskilled English women workers from 1260 to 1850, the first based on daily wages and the second on the remuneration per day implied in annual service contracts. These two series are compared and the series for women’s daily wages is also compared with evidence for men, revealing interesting trends in the gender gap. These comparisons inform several recent debates first whether or not “the golden age of the English peasantry” included women; and, second whether or not protoindustrialization and early industrialization provided women with greater opportunities. Our contributions to these debates have implications for wider analyses of growth and wellbeing. For example, historians have argued that the rise in wages that followed the Black Death enticed female servants to delay marriage so contributing to a European Marriage Pattern, a demographic regime believed to enable modern economic growth. However, our findings suggest that servants did not benefit much in the post-plague era and so offers little in support of a ‘girl-powered’ economic breakthrough in England. Similarly, historians have hypothesized that high wages in the eighteenth century explain the labour-saving technological changes which kick-started the industrial revolution and, recently, that women shared in these high wages. Again our findings suggest a less rosy scenario with women who were unable to commit to full-time work losing ground relative to men and to their less constrained peers; such women fell increasingly adrift from any High Wage Economy. |
| Keywords: | Black Death; England; gender wage gap; industrial revolution; wages; women. |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cge:wacage:215&r=his |
| By: | Henriksen, Ingrid (University of Southern Denmark); McLaughlin, Eoin (University of St. Andrews); Sharp, Paul (University of Southern Denmark & CAGE) |
| Abstract: | Why did the establishment of cooperative creameries in late nineteenth century Ireland fail to halt the relative decline of her dairy industry compared to other emerging producers? This paper compares the Irish experience with that of the market leader, Denmark, and shows how each adopted the cooperative organisational form, but highlights that an important difference was institutional: specifically regarding the enforcement of vertically binding contracts, which are considered to be of vital importance for the successful operation of cooperatives. We argue that this failure, combined with a strong proprietary sector which was opposed to cooperation, reinforced the already difficult conditions for dairying in Ireland due to poor social capital. |
| Keywords: | Contracts, cooperation, dairying, Ireland |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cge:wacage:216&r=his |
| By: | Victoria Johnson; Walter W. Powell |
| Abstract: | The emergence of novelty, especially of new categories of people and organizations, is undertheorized in the social sciences. Some social worlds are more hospitable to novel introductions or exogenous perturbations than others. Explaining this relative "poisedness" is essential to understanding when and why new organizational forms appear, persist, and expand, both cognitively and geographically. We offer a comparative analysis of two cases of emergence in 19th-century New York City that examines the conditions under which a new organizational form - a research-intensive botanical garden - developed and took root. We show that social worlds are highly poised when environmental, intellectual, and civic factors have reinforcing consequences. Poisedness is amplified when the social character of the individuals produced by specific historical milieux attunes these innovators to the larger social and material processes that favor the creation of new modes of organization. Although our analysis of poisedness is fixed on a specific time and place, New York City over the course of the 19th century, our arguments about the emergence of new organizational forms apply readily to other settings and time periods. |
| JEL: | N11 N5 |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:21011&r=his |
| By: | Fabian Wahl (University of Hohenheim) |
| Abstract: | This study investigates the effect of participative political institutions (PPIs) that emerged in many central European cities from the late 13th century. The empirical analysis of the paper is based on newly compiled long-run data for the existence of different types of PPIs in 104 cities in the Holy Roman Empire. The effect of both an overall index of participativeness of political institutions as well as of the individual PPIs is tested empirically. When pooled over all periods and observations, there seems to be a significant positive overall effect of PPIs in the German-speaking area but not in the Low Countries. The study founds considerable spatial and temporal heterogeneity in the effect of PPIs. Furthermore, the effect of different types of PPIs differs substantially and in general seems to be short-lived. That is, the results show that the positive initial effect of some PPIs declined the longer they existed and over time. |
| Keywords: | Medieval Period, Early-Modern Period, Central Europe, City Development, Political Institutions, Early Democracy, Guilds |
| JEL: | N44 N94 O10 R11 H11 D72 |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hes:wpaper:0073&r=his |
| By: | Blöndal, Sölvi (Dept. of Economic History, Stockholm University) |
| Abstract: | The main purpose of this paper has been to establish whether housing and rent prices share a common trend in the long run. And thus, to determine whether there were speculative bubbles in the Stockholm housing market during the period 1875-1930. This period offered an excellent opportunity for such an investigation due to limited regulation in the housing market. Finally, a newly generated data on Stockholm housing prices from 1875 and data on Stockholm rent prices have given us rare insight into the Stockholm housing market. After applying the statistical procedure of testing for cointegration, we have concluded that Stockholm housing and rent prices share a common trend, i.e. that they return to a long run equilibrium after experiencing an exogenous shock. More specifically, the results indicate a 22% movement back towards equilibrium following a shock to the model, one period later, i.e. one year later. Therefore, we conclude that during the period 1875-1930 there was no indication of a speculative bubble in the Stockholm housing market. |
| Keywords: | housing market; cointegration; economic history |
| JEL: | N93 N94 |
| Date: | 2015–03–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:suekhi:0016&r=his |
| By: | Spolaore, Enrico (Tufts University) |
| Abstract: | This paper discusses the process of European institutional integration from a political economy perspective, linking the long-standing political debate on the nature of the European project to the recent economic literature on political integration and disintegration. First, we introduce the fundamental trade-off between economies of scale associated with larger political unions and the costs from sharing public goods and policies among more heterogeneous populations, and examine the implications of the trade-off for European integration. Second, we describe the two main political theories of European integration - intergovernmentalism and functionalism - and argue that both theories capture important aspects of European integration, but that neither view provides a complete and realistic interpretation of the process. Finally, we critically discuss the successes and limitations of the actual process of European institutional integration, from its beginnings after World War II to the current crisis. |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cge:wacage:221&r=his |
| By: | Dennis Appleyard; Shyam Gouri Suresh |
| Abstract: | This paper examines possible determinants of the long-run bilateral commodity terms of trade between the United Kingdom and British India during the Crown Rule period of 1858-1947. The potential influences of aggregate real incomes, price levels/money supplies, international transportation costs, and the exchange rate are included in the analysis, but we especially focus on the Home Charges that India was obliged to pay to Britain. The econometric results provide some support for the hypothesis that a rise in Home Charges was associated with an improvement in Britain’s terms of trade with India. In addition, a clear role was played by changes in transport costs and in the exchange rate. |
| JEL: | F14 F54 N73 N74 N75 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dav:wpaper:14-12&r=his |
| By: | Ocampo, Jose Antonio |
| Abstract: | This paper analyses the history and effectiveness of the two major mecha |
| Keywords: | IMF lending, conditionality, debt restructuring, collective action clauses |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2015-011&r=his |
| By: | Mark Hayes (University of Durham) |
| Abstract: | This paper discusses Keynes’s surprisingly positive views on the medieval scholastic teaching on usury and draws upon his work to argue that the traditional view of usury (understood as the charging of rent for the use of money) as anti-social is well-founded. Keynes’s understanding of the nature of probability allows a clear distinction to be made between debt and equity finance which most economists dismiss. Rather than meriting remuneration, the demand for the security provided by money against an uncertain future imposes a social cost in one form or another. This proposition is illustrated with reference to the problems of the modern international financial and monetary system, specifically the role of deposit insurance and the obstacles to a renewed system of managed exchange rates, without which many regions appear doomed to enduring long-term austerity. |
| Keywords: | Interest, monetary system, commodity standard, deposit insurance |
| JEL: | E42 E52 G28 |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pke:wpaper:pkwp1502&r=his |
| By: | Maya Shatzmiller |
| Abstract: | The adoption of paper in the early days of the Islamic rule changed literacy practices in the Middle East and eventually around the world, yet the circumstances of its adoption and its impact on the Middle Eastern economy are not well known or understood. This study determines that paper use was linked to an increase in purchasing power and to a shift in cultivation patterns from cereals to textile plants. It shows that the decline in the price of paper and books played a role in the standardization of the Arabic language and in the transition from oral to written practices, the formation of new knowledge, and the spread of literacy. The result was improvement in human capital and rising labor productivity, especially in manufacturing. Finally, the flow of paper documents in the economy changed norms of contract enforcement. |
| Keywords: | Medieval Middle East, economic change, purchasing power, prices and wages, Agricultural shift, literacy, Human Capital, technology |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ucg:wpaper:0064&r=his |
| By: | Austan D. Goolsbee; Alan B. Krueger |
| Abstract: | This paper takes a retrospective look at the U.S. government’s effort to rescue and restructure General Motors and Chrysler in the midst of the 2009 economic and financial crisis. The paper describes how two of the largest industrial companies in the world came to seek a bailout from the U.S. government, the analysis used to evaluate their request, and the steps taken by the government to rescue them. The paper also summarizes the performance of the U.S. auto industry since the bailout and draws some general lessons from the episode. |
| JEL: | E0 G01 G33 H0 J01 L50 L62 |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:21000&r=his |
| By: | Makovi, Michael |
| Abstract: | George Orwell's famous fictions, Animal Farm and Nineteen-Eighty Four were intended to advocate democratic socialism by portraying undemocratic forms of socialism as totalitarian. For Orwell, democracy was a political institution which would limit the abuse of power. But there are several problems with democratic socialism which ensure its failure. In Orwell's novel A Clergyman's Daughter, Orwell's views of economics and politics are inconsistent and conflicting in a way that ensures democratic socialism will not succeed on Orwell's terms. Democratic socialism in general is criticized according to F. A. Hayek's Road to Serfdom and John Jewkes's The New Ordeal by Planning, whose arguments differ crucially from those against market socialism by Andrei Shleifer and Robert W. Vishny. An economic analysis of the political institutions of democratic socialism shows that democratic socialism must necessarily fail for political (not economic) reasons even if nobody in authority has ill-intentions or abuses their power. |
| Keywords: | Orwell; Hayek; democratic socialism; market socialism; totalitarianism |
| JEL: | A12 B24 B25 B31 B51 B53 D70 I2 I20 J00 J20 J30 J47 P10 P20 P30 P50 Z11 |
| Date: | 2015–02–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:62527&r=his |
| By: | Tamás L. Balogh; Christian Ewerhart |
| Abstract: | In a less widely known contribution, Béla Martos (1966, Hungarian Academy of Sciences) introduced a generalized notion of concavity that is closely related to what is nowadays known as r-concavity in the operations research literature, and that is identical to what is nowadays known as ρ-concavity in the economics literature. The present paper aims at making the original contribution accessible to a wider audience and illustrating its importance from a modern perspective. To this end, we offer a translation of those parts of Martos (1966) that are directly related to generalized concavity. Reviewing the virtues of r-concavity and ρ-concavity, we find a surprisingly short proof of the univariate Prékopa-Borell theorem. We also survey a number of applications of the considered concepts in operations research and economics. |
| Keywords: | Generalized concavity, r-concavity, ρ-concavity, nonlinear optimization, economic applications |
| JEL: | C6 D0 Y8 |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zur:econwp:187&r=his |
| By: | Makovi, Michael |
| Abstract: | Orwell's famous fictions, Animal Farm and Nineteen Eighty-Four criticized totalitarian forms of socialism from a Public Choice perspective, assuming that socialism would work as an economic system as long as the proper political institutions were in place to curb the potential for the abuse of power. This is contrasted with two novels by others who took the opposite approach: Richter's Pictures of the Socialistic Future and Hazlitt's Time Will Run Back. These two assumed that the political implementation of socialism would be perfect but that socialism would necessarily turn totalitarian because of the problem of economic calculation. These novels assumed away the Public Choice problem of institutions and the abuse of power and focused on the political implications of socialism as a purely economic system. Contrasting these two sets of novels shows how the Austrian and Public Choice schools criticize socialism in two entirely different ways. |
| Keywords: | Orwell; Richter; Hazlitt; democratic socialism; market socialism; totalitarianism |
| JEL: | A12 B24 B25 B31 B51 B53 D70 P11 P20 P30 Z11 |
| Date: | 2015–02–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:62528&r=his |
| By: | Ana Bela Nunes |
| Abstract: | The performance of the Portuguese economy during the 1980s was conditioned by two main factors: structural changes imposed by the decision to join the European Economic Community and external shocks and short-term fluctuations in the world economy. The first half of the 1980s Portugal’s economic performance was dominated by short-term macroeconomic problems, while international economic recovery after 1985 created a positive background for Portuguese economic growth and a convergence path that was followed in the EEC/EU context. |
| Keywords: | Portugal, Economic policy JEL classification :E65; N44 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ise:gheswp:wp552015&r=his |
| By: | Bo, CHEN; Qun, LIU |
| Keywords: | Social and Behavioral Sciences, China, defense innovation, civil-military integration, CMI, military technology |
| Date: | 2014–01–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:globco:qt8vv034b5&r=his |
| By: | Zdravka Todorova (Wright State University) |
| Abstract: | The artical presents a further articulation of the monetary theory of production inspired by the writings of Thorstein Veblen. Particularly I offer a formulation of the monetary theory of production as part of broader theorizing about social provisioning and the life process. This includes an analytical focus on non-commodities; an extension of the Veblenian dichotomy to non-market activities; discussion of Veblen's theory of social valuation in connection to monetary theory of production and class; delineation of as social process that constitute social provisioning and their commodity and non-commodity aspects. The goal is bridging the gap between monetary theory of production and analysis of 'the social'. |
| Keywords: | Monetary theory of production, Thorstein Veblen, capitalism, heterodox economics, social provisioning, class, political economy |
| JEL: | B15 B41 B52 B54 P16 Z13 |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pke:wpaper:pkwp1501&r=his |
| By: | Anne Neumann; Sophia Rüster; Christian von Hirschhausen |
| Abstract: | Long-term contracts are an important element of all economic activity and, thus, critical for understanding modern economic structures. The natural gas industry provides particular insights into the functioning and dynamics of long-term contracts and industry structures, in a sector that is globally important. This Data Documentation provides a survey of the literature on long-term contracts in the natural gas sector, as seen from an institutional and industrial economics perspective; we also add suggestions for further research. The core of the documentation is a detailed database of 426 long-term contracts struck between sellers and buyers between 1965 and 2014. Though not comprehensive, the database covers a large share of contracts, both for pipeline gas and liquefied natural gas (LNG). |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:diw:diwddc:dd77&r=his |
| By: | Benito Arruñada |
| Abstract: | I analyze the basis of the market economy in classical Rome, from the perspective of personal-versus-impersonal exchange and focusing on the role of the state in providing market-enabling institutions. I start by reviewing the central conflict in all exchanges between those holding and those acquiring property rights, and how solving it requires reducing information asymmetry without endangering the security of property. Relying on a model of the social choice of institutions, I identify the demand and supply factors driving the institutional choices made by the Romans, and examine the economic circumstances that influenced these factors in the classical period of Roman law. Comparing the predictions of the model with the main solutions used by Roman law in the areas of property, business exchange and the enforcement of personal obligations allows me to propose alternative interpretations for some salient institutions that have been subject to controversy in the literature, and to conclude with an overall positive assessment of the market-enabling role of the Roman state. |
| Keywords: | property rights, enforcement, transaction costs, registries, Roman law, impersonal exchange, personal exchange, New Institutional Economics, Law and Economics. |
| JEL: | D1 D23 G38 K11 K12 K14 K22 K36 L22 N13 O |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:upf:upfgen:1471&r=his |
| By: | Lindmark, Magnus (CERE); Acar, Sevil (Istanbul Kemerburgaz University Department of Economics) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines convergence of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions caused by oil combustion for a panel of 86 countries considering the importance of analyzing several sub-periods separately. Also, the investigation points at the necessity of choosing a restricted global sample, which takes into account that, for instance, eastern bloc countries reacted differently to increasing world market crude prices than the Western economies. The analysis builds on examining the beta-convergence hypothesis in a neoclassical growth model setting with additional control variables such as combustion of solid fuels. The results reveal evidence in support of beta-convergence of CO2 emissions intensity due to oil combustion for the sub-periods 1973-1979 and 1979-1991, while no evidence for convergence was found for the post-1991 period. This is true both for the restricted global sample and the sub-samples comprised of western OECD economies. One possible interpretation of the results is that international carbon taxes or permit trading schemes may first be introduced for oil only. |
| Keywords: | Carbon dioxide; Oil; Convergence; Carbon convergence; Energy history |
| JEL: | N50 |
| Date: | 2015–01–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:slucer:2015_001&r=his |
| By: | Nicholas Crafts (University of Warwick) |
| Abstract: | This paper provides a survey of the implications of post-war European economic integration for trade and income. A particular focus is the impact on the United Kingdom. The literature clearly points to large effects of the EU on trade but is more ambivalent about EFT A. Conventional econometric models suggest that this extra trade meant that the level of income in 2000 in EU countries was about 9 percent larger. Comparisons of the ex-post in come gains of EU membership for the United Kingdom with ex-ante predictions show that the outcome was far better than optimistsexpectedinthe1970s. |
| Keywords: | economicintegration;gravitymodel;grow theffects;tradecreation |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cge:wacage:219&r=his |
| By: | Mateo Tomé, Juan Pablo (Kingston University London) |
| Abstract: | This article analyses the development of economic growth in Brazil in terms of capital accumulation, following the Marxist approach. The aim is to identify the relationship between the two processes, looking at the profit rate, which along with investment effort determines productive investment. In turn, this one affects the capital-labour ratio and labour productivity. Both, with the addition of the price ratio, determine the productivity of capital, a key variable in understanding the accumulation process in Brazil. Using the period 1950-2008 allows comparing two phases in the Brazilian economy, the period of substitutive industrialisation and the neoliberal phase, all from the perspective of the relationship between the aforementioned variables. |
| Keywords: | growth; investment; profitability; productivity |
| JEL: | E11 E22 E32 N16 O40 |
| Date: | 2015–03–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:kngedp:2014_003&r=his |
| By: | Ho Fai Chan; Ali Sina Onder; Benno Torgler |
| Abstract: | Despite much in-depth investigation of factors influencing this evolution in various scientific fields, our knowledge about how efficiency or creativity is linked to the longevity of collaborative relationships remains very limited. We explore what Nobel laureates' coauthorship patterns reveal about the nature of scientific collaborations looking at the intensity and success of scientific collaborations across fields and across laureates' collaborative lifecycles in physics, chemistry, and physiology/medicine. We find that more collaboration with the same researcher is actually no better for advancing creativity: publications produced early in a sequence of repeated collaborations with a given coauthor tend to be published better and cited more than papers that come later in the collaboration with the same coauthor. Thus, our results indicate that scientific collaboration involves conceptual complementarities that may erode over a sequence of repeated interactions. |
| Keywords: | Innovation; Scientific Collaboration; Team Formation; Nobel Laureates |
| JEL: | D20 O30 |
| Date: | 2015–03–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:qut:qubewp:wp032&r=his |
| By: | Galbraith, James K.; Halbach, Beatrice; Malinowska, Aleksandra; Shams, Amin; Zhang, Wenjie |
| Abstract: | This paper summarizes a comprehensive revision and update of UTIP.s work on the inequality of pay and incomes around the world, from 1963 to 2008. The new UTIP-UNIDO (University of Texas Inequality Project-United Nations Industrial Development Organizatio |
| Keywords: | income inequality |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2015-019&r=his |
| By: | Jo, Tae-Hee; Todorova, Zdravka |
| Abstract: | In this introduction we highlight Frederic Lee’s contributions to heterodox economics in terms of theory and community, which should be acknowledged and, more importantly, carried on by those who are concerned with the advancement of heterodox economics as an alternative critical theory to the status quo. |
| Keywords: | Frederic S. Lee, Heterodox Economics, Heterodox Microeconomics, Social Provisioning Process |
| JEL: | B0 B4 B5 |
| Date: | 2015–02–24 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:62568&r=his |
| By: | Dooruj Rambaccussing |
| Abstract: | One of the cornerstone of financial anomalies is that there exists money making opportunities. Shiller’s excess volatility theory is re-investigated from the perspective of a trading strategy where the present value is computed using a series of simple econometric models to forecast the present value. The results show that the excess volatility may not be exploited given the data available until time t. However, when learning is introduced empirically, the simple trading strategy may offer profits, but which are likely to disappear once transaction costs are considered. |
| Keywords: | Present Value, Excess Volatility |
| JEL: | G12 G14 G17 |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dun:dpaper:287&r=his |