|
on German Papers |
| By: | Kendzia, Michael J. (IZA) |
| Abstract: | This article provides a historical overview of the institutional development of the structural elements of the standard employment relationship from the beginning of World War II until the 1973 oil crisis. The analysis deals with the determining factors of the reconstitution and adjustment of these elements during that time. For this purpose, the interests of the actors involved are displayed. The historical analysis finds that the standard employment relationship attained its essential stature already prior to the pension reform of 1957. The preliminary peak of the institutional arrangement of the standard employment relationship was reached during the era of Chancellor Brandt in the beginning of the 1970s. |
| Keywords: | Normalarbeitsverhältnis, Beschäftigungsmodell, Lohnarbeitsverhältnis, Sozialpolitik, Sozialversicherungssystem |
| JEL: | J50 J40 |
| Date: | 2010–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp5364&r=ger |
| By: | Carolin, Hoh; Ivonne, Honekamp |
| Abstract: | Within the debate about the rise of costs in the German health system, the argument has put forth that patients' excessive demand for benefits is caused by the existence of a moral hazard problem. One way of influencing an insured person's consumer behaviour is the introduction of several copayment models. The first task of this work is to examine the role of moral hazard in an insured person's consumer demand for drugs. Empirical evidence of this phenomenon is a central aspect of this task. Furthermore, the question if copayment is a suitable means of control to reduce the exorbitant demand for drugs will be answered. The focus here lies on the criteria effectiveness of control, reconcilabilty with the welfare state and effectiveness in general. |
| Keywords: | Pharmaceuticals, Co-payment, Moral hazard, Health care system, Cost explosion |
| JEL: | I11 P36 I18 |
| Date: | 2010–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:27425&r=ger |