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on Economic Geography |
| By: | Michael Fritsch (Friedrich Schiller University Jena) |
| Abstract: | This article discusses the concept of entrepreneurial ecosystems. In particular, three propositions are made for further development of the concept. First, it is argued that entrepreneurial ecosystems should be regarded a part of the regional innovation system. Second, the scope of the concept should be expanded beyond high-performance start-ups and their founders to include the entire universe of "‘everyday" entrepreneurship. Third, the concept should account for the incumbent firms and the regional workforce. The paper then outlines main challenges of further development of the concept. |
| Keywords: | Regional entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial ecosystems, regional development, entrepreneurship policy |
| JEL: | L26 R11 O2 |
| Date: | 2024–09–13 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jrp:jrpwrp:2024-0067 |
| By: | Batabyal, Amitrajeet |
| Abstract: | New empirical research shows that the so-called lagging regions in the U.S. have prospered in the post-Covid-19 era. Drawing on this research, we describe the sense in which these lagging regions have prospered. Next, we discuss how these same regions compare with the non-lagging regions in the U.S. Finally, we offer a preliminary explanation for this documented prosperity. |
| Keywords: | Business Growth, County, Federal Assistance, Job Creation, Lagging Region |
| JEL: | R11 R23 R58 |
| Date: | 2024–06–26 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:121984 |
| By: | Gibbons, Stephen; Heblich, Stephan; Pinchbeck, Edward W. |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the reversibility of the effects of transport infrastructure investments, based on a programme that removed much of the rail network in Britain during the mid-20ℎ century. We find that a 10% loss in rail access between 1950 and 1980 caused a persistent 3% decline in local population relative to unaffected areas, implying that the 1 in 5 places most exposed to the cuts saw 24 percentage points less population growth than the 1 in 5 places that were least exposed. The cuts reduced local jobs and shares of skilled workers and young people. |
| Keywords: | rail; infrastructure; beeching cuts |
| JEL: | H54 R10 R40 N74 |
| Date: | 2024–09–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:124531 |
| By: | Roodman, David |
| Abstract: | Hjort and Poulsen (2019) frames the staggered arrival of submarine Internet cables on the shores of Africa circa 2010 as a difference-in-differences natural experiment. The paper finds positive impacts of broadband on individual- and firm-level employment and nighttime light emissions. These results largely are not robust to alternative ge-ocoding of survey locations, to correcting for a satellite changeover at end-2009, and to revisiting a definition of the treated zone that has no clear technological basis, is narrower than the spatial resolution of nearly all the data sources, and is empirically suboptimal as a representation of the geography of broadband. |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:i4rdps:148 |
| By: | Xiaoxuan Zhang (University of Waikato); John Gibson (University of Waikato) |
| Abstract: | High-resolution gridded population estimates are increasingly used to support public health, disaster, and socio-economic research. These gridded data allow phenomena to be studied at a finer spatial scale than the usual survey or administrative data (spatialization) and with higher frequency than typical decadal census data allow (temporal interpolation). However, little is known about how accurately these gridded data follow actual changes in population. Therefore, we use China's census data for 2000, 2010, and 2020 to test predictive accuracy of four popular gridded population data products, conducting our tests at three spatial levels (county/district, prefectural city, and province). The gridded population data are accurate cross-sectional predictors at all three spatial levels, with less than five percent of variation unexplained. They far less accurately predict temporal changes in population, especially for disaggregated spatial units (counties and districts) where just one fifth of the variation in population changes is predicted by the gridded data. Predictive performance of gridded data for population changes has fallen substantially in the last decade. We illustrate how these inaccurate predictions could distort analyses that examine trends in spatial inequality. Overall, our results suggest that caution is required in using these gridded data products as proxies for the actual changes in local population. |
| Keywords: | gridded population datal; cross-sectional; time-series; Census; China |
| JEL: | R12 |
| Date: | 2024–09–17 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wai:econwp:24/07 |
| By: | Mukaigawara, Mitsuru (Harvard University); Zhou, Lingxiao; Papadogeorgou, Georgia; Lyall, Jason (Dartmouth College); Imai, Kosuke |
| Abstract: | Scholars from diverse fields now use highly disaggregated ("microlevel") data with fine-grained spatial (e.g., locations of villages and individuals) and temporal (days, hours, or even seconds) dimensions to test their theories. Despite the proliferation of these data, however, statistical methods for causal inference with spatio-temporal data remain underdeveloped. We introduce an R package, geocausal, that enables researchers to implement causal inference methods for highly disaggregated spatio-temporal data. The geocausal package implements two necessary steps for spatio-temporal causal inference: (1) preparing the data and (2) estimating causal effects. The geocausal package allows users to effectively use fine-grained spatio-temporal data, test counterfactual scenarios that have spatial and temporal dimensions, and visualize each step efficiently. We illustrate the capabilities of the geocausal package by analyzing the US airstrikes and insurgent attacks in Iraq over various spatial and temporal windows. |
| Date: | 2024–08–27 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:5kc6f |