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on Economic Geography |
| By: | Martinho, Vítor João Pereira Domingues |
| Abstract: | The aim of this paper is to present a further contribution to the analysis of absolute convergence, associated with the neoclassical theory, of the manufactured industry productivity at regional level and for the period from 1986 to 1994 (1)(Martinho, 2011a). This paper pretends, also, to analyze the importance which the natural advantages and local resources are in the manufacturing industry location, in relation with the "spillovers" effects and industrial policies. To this, we estimate the Rybczynski equation matrix for the various manufacturing industries in Portugal, at regional level (NUTS II) and for the period 1986 to 1994 (2)(Martinho, 2011b). |
| Keywords: | convergence; geographic concentration; panel data; manufactured industries; Portuguese regions |
| JEL: | O18 C23 R11 L60 |
| Date: | 2011 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:33411&r=geo |
| By: | Ana Poças (Polytechnic Institute of Guarda and UDI); Elias Soukiazis (Faculdade de Economia/GEMF, Universidade de Coimbra) |
| Abstract: | The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of health factors on economic growth and convergence across the Portuguese regions at the district level. Like education, health factors could be important for explaining the growth performance of regions through the increase in labour productivity. Therefore, human capital can be seen in a broader perspective encompassing not only educational qualifications but also health conditions. Although this is not a new idea, empirical evidence at a regional level is not robust supporting this issue, with few exceptions. With this study we try to fill this gap and bring additional evidence of the relevance of health on regional growth considering the Portuguese districts. We employ a panel data approach for the period 1996-2006 taking into account specific regional differences. We also analyze whether there are differences between the littoral (coastal) and the interior (in-land) districts in what concerns health conditions and how they affect their convergence process. |
| Keywords: | : Regional growth, health and human capital, panel data. |
| JEL: | R11 O18 |
| Date: | 2011–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gmf:wpaper:2011-14&r=geo |
| By: | Martinho, Vítor João Pereira Domingues |
| Abstract: | This work aims to test the Verdoorn Law, with the alternative specifications of (1)Kaldor (1966), for the five Portuguese regions (NUTS II), from 1986 to 1994. It is intended to test, yet in this work, the alternative interpretation of (2)Rowthorn (1975) about the Verdoorn's Law for the same regions and period. The results of this study are about each one of the manufactured industries operating in the Portuguese regions. This paper pretends, also, to analyze the importance which the natural advantages and local resources are in the manufacturing industry location, in relation with the "spillovers" effects and industrial policies. To this, we estimate the Rybczynski equation matrix for the various manufacturing industries in Portugal, at regional level (NUTS II) and for the period 1986 to 1994. |
| Keywords: | Verdoorn law; geographic concentration; panel data; manufactured industries; Portuguese regions |
| JEL: | O18 C23 R11 L60 |
| Date: | 2011 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:33404&r=geo |
| By: | Kurata, Hiroshi; Nomura, Ryoichi; Suga, Nobuhito |
| Abstract: | We investigate the effects of a reduction in trade costs on industrial location and welfare in an economy with external economies of scale. We propose a Chamberlinian agglomeration model with footloose capital, which is analytically-solvable. With respect to industrial location, we demonstrate that a reduction in trade cost is likely to lead to agglomeration. With respect to welfare, we show that agglomeration makes a country with agglomeration better off, and the country without agglomeration better or worse off, depending on the degree of external economies of scale. We also prove that agglomeration makes the overall economy better off. |
| Keywords: | New economic geography, Agglomeration, Footloose capital, External economies of scale, F12, F15, F21, R12, |
| Date: | 2011–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hok:dpaper:242&r=geo |
| By: | David Castells (Faculty of Economics, University of Barcelona) |
| Abstract: | The effects of inequality on economic growth depend on several factors. On one hand, they depend on the time horizon considered, on the initial level of income and on its initial distribution. But, on the other hand, as growth and inequality are also uneven across space, it also seems relevant to wonder how the effects of inequality on growth are related to the geographic agglomeration of economic activity. By introducing measures of urban concentration, this work analyzes how the effects of income inequality on economic growth depend not only on the level of development, and on the initial distribution of income, but are also affected by the process of concentration of economic activity at the urban level. By setting different econometric specifications, short from long-run effects are distinguished to then differentiate the effects of changes from the effects of levels of inequality. Results suggest that while inequality is a limiting factor for long-run growth, especially for low-income countries -consistent with previous literature-, increasing inequality, when associated with increasing concentration of economic activity at the urban level, is likely to enhance growth in the short and medium-run in those low-income countries. |
| Keywords: | Agglomeration, Urban concentration, Inequality, Growth JEL classification:O1, O4, R1 |
| Date: | 2011–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ira:wpaper:201114&r=geo |
| By: | CRAIGWELL, ROLAND; MAURIN, ALAIN |
| Abstract: | After gaining political independence from the European countries and the United States, the Caribbean Basin economies have at the end of the 2000s display considerable differences in income and living standards. In this paper the concepts of convergence are used to examine whether disparities in per capita GDP of selected countries in the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) have tended to diminish or not. It was shown, based on descriptive statistical methods, and spatial statistical and econometric tests of beta-convergence and sigma-convergence that there was an absence of convergence for CARICOM countries since the early 1980s. This is so even in the OECS group which are linked in a quasi monetary union framework. |
| Keywords: | Spacial Economics; Caribbean; Convergence |
| JEL: | O1 C0 F41 |
| Date: | 2011 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:33433&r=geo |