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on Gender |
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Issue of 2024‒02‒05
three papers chosen by Jan Sauermann, Institutet för Arbetsmarknads- och Utbildningspolitisk Utvärdering |
| By: | Ruiying Xiao |
| Abstract: | This study investigates the impact of female leadership on the financial constraints of firms, which are publicly listed entrepreneurial enterprises in China. Utilizing data from 938 companies on the China Growth Enterprise Market (GEM) over a period of 2013-2022, this paper explores how the female presence in CEO positions, senior management, and board membership influences a firm's ability to manage financial constraints. Our analysis employs the Kaplan-Zingales (KZ) Index to measure these constraints, encompassing some key financial factors such as cash flow, dividends, and leverage. The findings reveal that companies with female CEOs or a higher proportion of women in top management are associated with reduced financial constraints. However, the influence of female board members is less clear-cut. Our study also delves into the variances of these effects between high-tech and low-tech industry sectors, emphasizing how internal gender biases in high-tech industries may impede the alleviation of financing constraints on firms. This research contributes to a nuanced understanding of the role of gender dynamics in corporate financial management, especially in the context of China's evolving economic landscape. It underscores the importance of promoting female leadership not only for gender equity but also for enhancing corporate financial resilience. |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2401.02134&r=gen |
| By: | Eloiza Regina Ferreira de Almeida; Renata Narita |
| Abstract: | This article investigates gender differences in wage losses in Brazil resulting from job dismissal and periods of non-formal employment. It examines the wage dynamics of men and women to determine the occurrence and magnitude of these losses, as well as the subsequent recovery process upon returning to formal employment. Using administrative employer-employee data from 2003 to 2018, the study employs a matching strategy and event-study estimation to analyze the transitions from formal employment. Estimations are conducted separately for men and women. The findings reveal that both genders experience immediate and persistent wage losses after leaving formal employment. Women generally experience lower losses (7.4%) compared to men (10.5%), but men exhibit a faster recovery within the first three years after reentering formal employment. Additionally, longer periods of non-formal employment are associated with higher wage losses. Workers who voluntarily leave their jobs experience losses 60% lower than those who are dismissed, and they fully recover their wages within the second year after reentering formal employment. This study emphasizes the importance of examining job transitions and their impact on wages throughout individuals' careers, particularly concerning gender differentials. |
| Keywords: | Wage differences; gender differences; job dismissal |
| JEL: | J16 J31 J63 |
| Date: | 2024–01–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:spa:wpaper:2024wpecon1&r=gen |
| By: | Owusu, Andrews; O'Sullivan, Noel; Kwabi, Frank; Holmes, Mark |
| Abstract: | Existing research documents a fee premium for female partner led audits (Ittonen & Peni, 2012; Hardies et al., 2015; Burke et al., 2019; Lee et al., 2019; Hardies et al., 2021). We take this work forward by investigating a possible justification for the observed premium by examining how auditor gender is related to audit report lag and whether the female partner audit fee premium is driven by audit report lag. We find that firms audited by a female lead auditor have a significantly shorter audit report lag but pay a significantly higher audit fee. In further analysis, we find that the fee premium for a female partner led audits is higher for clients receiving a more timely audit opinion. Our findingsare consistent with female lead auditors delivering more timely audits and audit clients being prepared to pay a premium for such timeliness. Our study extends our understanding of the importance of gender in the auditing process and the value clients see in audits led by female auditors. Given the relatively low proportion of female lead auditors, our findings should also encourage audit firms to appreciate the economic value of female lead auditors and to actively facilitate their progression to senior roles. |
| Keywords: | female auditors; audit partners; audit report lag; audit fee premium; UK audit market; |
| Date: | 2024–01–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:akf:cafewp:26&r=gen |