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on Environmental Economics |
| By: | Andersson, Fredrik N G (Department of Economics, Lund University); Arvidsson, Susanne (Department of Business Administration, Lund University) |
| Abstract: | This study examines the integration of climate change and biodiversity into business strategies and governance structures of listed firms on the Swedish stock exchange NasdaqOMX Large Cap. The results show clear disparities in the level of integration and the factors driving the integration process. All, but a few small firms, have integrated climate change into business strategies, and are ahead in the process of integrating it into governance structures. Biodiversity integration is lagging behind the integration of climate change. We also find that the integration process depends on the sustainability competences within the board unlike climate change when the board composition is less important. Additionally, our results show that firms require external pressures from, e.g., regulations to integrate biodiversity and climate change into business strategies and governance structures. |
| Keywords: | biodiversity; climate change; sustainable finance; business strategy; governance structures; CSRD |
| JEL: | Q20 Q28 Q30 Q57 |
| Date: | 2024–04–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:lunewp:2024_002&r=env |
| By: | Gupta, Anandita (National Institute of Public Finance and Policy); Pandey, Radhika (National Institute of Public Finance and Policy); Sapatnekar, Sanhita (Department of Economics, University of Navarra, Spain) |
| Abstract: | In May 2023, the European Union (EU) implemented the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) to prevent carbon leakage risks associated with its ambitious climate policies. Examining CBAM in conjunction with the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS), the paper highlights potential CBAM implications and discusses proposals to address key issues. CBAM is likely to impact exporters’ profitability and trade competitiveness, favouring nations with faster decarbonisation ability and robust carbon pricing systems. The paper advocates for non-EU countries to strengthen their emissions monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) systems and carbon pricing frameworks. For India, changing the nomenclature of the coal component under the GST Compensation Cess to a ‘carbon tax’ could be considered to reduce industries’ potential carbon liabilities. The development of India’s national emissions trading system could consider CBAM-related impacts, international standards, and insights from other jurisdictions, to strengthen its carbon market and achieve its climate commitments. Lastly, the paper highlights the need for a task force under the leadership of the Prime Minister for continuous engagement on evolving carbon market issues and the dynamic global trade landscape. |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:npf:wpaper:24/408&r=env |
| By: | Jean-Marc Fournier; Tannous Kass-Hanna; Liam Masterson; Anne-Charlotte Paret; Sneha D Thube |
| Abstract: | We quantify cross-border effects of the recent climate mitigation policies introduced in Canada and the U.S., using the global general equilibrium model IMF-ENV. Notably, with the substantial emission reductions from Canada’s carbon tax-led mitigation policies and the U.S.’ Inflation Reduction Act, these two countries would bridge two-thirds of the gap toward their Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) goals. While the broadly divergent policies are believed to elicit competitiveness concerns, we find the aggregate cross-border effects within North America to be very limited and restricted to the energy intensive and trade exposed industries. Potential carbon leakages are also found to be negligible. A more meaningful difference triggered by policy heterogeneity is rather domestic, especially with U.S. subsidies increasing energy output while the Canada model with a carbon tax would marginally decrease it. This analysis is complemented by a stylized model illustrating how such divergence can affect the terms of trade, but also how these effects can be countered by exchange rate flexibility, border adjustments or domestic taxation. |
| Keywords: | Climate Policy; Climate Change Policy; Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs); Mitigation; Climate subsidies; Carbon Tax; Carbon pricing; Spillovers; North America; Global; IMF-ENV model; Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models; Competitiveness; Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GHG); Revenue Recycling; Inflation Reduction Act (IRA); Power; Electricity |
| Date: | 2024–03–22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2024/068&r=env |
| By: | Fuchs, Larissa; Ngyuen, Huyen; Nguyen, Trang; Schaeck, Klaus |
| Abstract: | Does banking supervision affect borrowers' transition to the carbon-neutral economy? We use a unique identification strategy that combines the French bank climate pilot exercise with borrowers' carbon emissions to present two novel findings. First, climate stress tests actively facilitate borrowers' transition to a low-carbon economy through a lending channel. Stress-tested banks increase loan volumes but simultaneously charge higher interest rates for brown borrowers. Second, additional lending is associated with some improvements in environmental performance. While borrowers commit more to reduce carbon emissions and are more likely to evaluate environmental effects of their projects, they neither reduce direct carbon emissions, nor terminate relationships with environmentally unfriendly suppliers. Our findings establish a causal link between bank climate stress tests and borrowers' reductions in transition risk. |
| Keywords: | climate change, climate stress test, green finance, syndicated loans |
| JEL: | G21 G28 K11 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:iwhdps:287752&r=env |
| By: | Jeworrek, Sabrina; Tonzer, Lena |
| Abstract: | Promoting green product consumption is one important element in building a sustainable society. Yet green products are usually more costly. In times of high inflation, not only budget constraints but also the fear that prices will continue to rise might dampen green product consumption and, hence, limit the effectiveness of exerted efforts to promote sustainable behaviors. To test this suggestion, we conducted a Germany-wide survey with almost 1, 200 respondents, followed by a framed field experiment (N=500) to confirm causality. In the survey, respondents' stated "green" purchasing behavior is, as to be expected, positively correlated with concerns about climate change. It is also negatively correlated with concerns about future inflation and energy costs, but after controlling for observable characteristics such as income and educational level only the correlation with concerns about future prices remains significant. This result is driven by individuals with below-median environmental attitude. In the framed field experiment, we use the priming method to manipulate the saliency of inflation concerns. Whereas sizably relaxing the budget constraint (i.e., by 50 percent) has no impact on the share of organic products in participants' baskets, the priming significantly decreases the share of organic products for individuals with below-median environmental attitude, similar to the survey data. |
| Keywords: | consumption behavior, inflation concerns, online shopping experiment, organic food, sustainability |
| JEL: | C93 D12 D84 D91 E31 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:iwhdps:287754&r=env |
| By: | Sabine Bacouël-Jentjens (ISC Paris Business School); Grégory Levieuge (Banque de France); José Riascos (University of Orléans); Camelia Turcu (University of Orléans) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the impact of mining on sustainable development in Mexico. Specifically, it examines whether mining affects different dimensions of sustainable development, including consumption patterns, inequalities, education, and environmental quality. Using household data on 2, 403 municipalities over a period of 30 years considering four waves of census data (1990, 2000, 2010, 2020), we find that the mining sector has mixed effects on sustainable development. It has a limited positive effect on the income of neighboring households but it also generates negative environmental spillovers. We do not find significant effects on inequalities or education. Overall, our study provides a more nuanced understanding of the impact of mining on various aspects of sustainable development, contributing to ongoing debates on the relationship between natural resource extraction and sustainable development in emerging economies. |
| Keywords: | Sustainable development, environment, extractive industry, Mexico |
| JEL: | Q |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:inf:wpaper:2023.17&r=env |
| By: | Gaffney, John |
| Abstract: | The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were established to end extreme poverty, tackle inequality and injustice and safeguard against climate change. This Perspective proposes three ways in which future BITs could be redesigned to ensure respect for SDGs and help minimize any negative impact that FDI might have on sustainable development. |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:colfdi:289490&r=env |
| By: | Singh, Sonali; Maliappan, Sudarshan |
| Abstract: | The global discourse within the realm of agriculture has been dominated with challenges of food security (FAO, 2022), (HLPE, Food security and nutrition: building a global narrative towards 2030, 2020) loss of biodiversity, environmental pollution and resource degradation and climate change. In this context, various approaches have developed to address complex challenges and one of the most comprehensive concepts emerged is called agroecological systems. The emphasis on agroecology emanates from its holistic approach, integrating ecological principles into agricultural systems to foster resilience, enhance soil health, and mitigate the adverse environmental impacts associated with conventional farming. As agroecology spans over diverse themes, studies and experts argue policies at cross-cutting levels are critical for the promotion of agroecology, as they can provide the necessary incentives and support for its implementation. To ensure the large-scale adoption of agroecology, a multiscale systems approach is needed, considering economic, technological, and policy drivers. |
| Keywords: | agriculture; agroecology; biodiversity; climate change; food security; pollution; nutrition; policies; India; Southern Asia; Asia |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:cgiarp:139549&r=env |
| By: | Rana, Abdul Wajid; Gill, Sitara; Akram, Iqra |
| Abstract: | Rice-wheat, a major cropping system of Pakistan, is vulnerable to the negative impacts of climate change, manifesting in the form of yield reduction. Among various crops, rice is often identified as the most at-risk food crop which is prone to a substantial drop in yield because of climate change and weather variations. It is estimated that the yield of wheat and rice may decline by 14.7 percent and 20.5 percent, respectively, by 2050 due to changes in climate. It is expected that Pakistan could potentially incur a climate change-related loss of $19.5 billion by 2050 due to reduced wheat and rice crop yields due to water scarcity, rising average temperatures, and less precipitation. Research indicates that if current climate change patterns persist and farmers do not adopt suitable climate resilient methods, rice production in Pakistan could decline by as much as 36 percent by the year 2099. |
| Keywords: | climate change; crop yield; cultivation systems; rice; direct sowing; cost benefit analysis; Pakistan; Southern Asia; Asia |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:cgiarp:139665&r=env |
| By: | Patozi, A. |
| Abstract: | In this paper, I investigate how the Net-Zero transition affects the transmission of monetary policy. I first document an upward trend in environmental performance among US publicly listed companies over the last decade. Second, I evaluate the implications of firms becoming ‘greener’ for the transmission of monetary policy on asset prices, credit risk and firm-level investment. In response to a shock to monetary policy, ‘green’ firms (with high environmental scores) are significantly less impacted than their ‘brown’ counterparts (with lower environmental scores). The dependence of monetary policy responses on firm-level greenness is not explained by intrinsic differences in firms’ characteristics. Instead, I show that the heterogeneous response is the result of investors’ preferences for sustainable investing. Using a stylized theoretical framework, I illustrate how incorporating such preferences attenuates the semi-elasticity of ‘green’ asset prices with respect to monetary policy shocks. |
| Keywords: | Climate Change, ESG, Heterogeneity, Monetary Policy, Sustainable Investing |
| JEL: | E52 G12 G14 G30 |
| Date: | 2023–01–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cam:camjip:2302&r=env |
| By: | Balietti, Anca; Zeising, Tom |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the role of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in advancing environmental justice through monitoring and enforcement efforts mandated by the Clean Air Act. Our analysis relies on a comprehensive dataset encompassing auditing information from all environmentally relevant plants between 2000 and 2018. Leveraging county-level variation in racial composition and environmental auditing, we find a substantial and persistent reduction in the proportion of inspected plants following increases in the share of non-White population. This decline coincides with a decrease in political activism, particularly among entities typically advocating for more stringent environmental protection. |
| Keywords: | Environmental auditing; racial demographic shifts; Environmental justice; Political activism |
| Date: | 2024–03–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:awi:wpaper:0745&r=env |
| By: | Minh Ha-Duong (CIRED - Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AgroParisTech - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | The main message is that Vietnam aspires to become a global role model in sustainable development, particularly in building a green economy, ensuring social equity during the energy transition, and leading climate action on the international stage. Vietnam has potential to inspire other nations and suggests concrete actions to attract investment, develop human resources, and collaborate with international partners, especially France and Europe, in the field of renewable energy. The vision for Vietnam is to harness its strategic advantages, such as its location, vibrant economy, and commitment to green growth, to showcase how a country can achieve rapid economic development while transitioning to a low-carbon future. The interview discusses key strategies, policies, and initiatives that Vietnam should prioritize, with a focus on green finance, innovation, just energy transition, international cooperation, and capacity building in the energy sector. |
| Date: | 2024–03–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04519631&r=env |
| By: | Mr. Daniel Garcia-Macia; Mr. Waikei R Lam; Anh D. M. Nguyen |
| Abstract: | Managing the climate transition presents policymakers with a tradeoff between achieving climate goals, fiscal sustainability, and political feasibility, which calls for a fiscal balancing act with the right mix of policies. This paper develops a tractable dynamic general equilibrium model to quantify the fiscal impacts of various climate policy packages aimed at reaching net zero emissions by mid-century. Our simulations show that relying primarily on spending measures to deliver on climate ambitions will be costly, possibly raising debt by 45-50 percent of GDP by 2050. However, a balanced mix of carbon-pricing and spending-based policies can deliver on net zero with a much smaller fiscal cost, limiting the increase in public debt to 10-15 percent of GDP by 2050. Carbon pricing is central not only as an effective tool for emissions reduction but also as a revenue source. Delaying carbon pricing action could increase costs, especially if less effective measures are scaled up to meet climate targets. Technology spillovers can reduce the costs but bottlenecks in green investment could unwind the gains and slow the transition. |
| Keywords: | Climate change; mitigation; public debt; carbon pricing; subsidies; public investment; industrial policies; dynamic general equilibrium. |
| Date: | 2024–03–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2024/071&r=env |
| By: | Samuel Pienknagura |
| Abstract: | Curbing carbon emissions to meet the targets set in the Paris Agreement requires the deployment of low carbon technologies (LCTs) at a global scale. This paper assesses the role of climate and trade policies in fostering LCT diffusion through trade. Leveraging a comprehensive database of climate policies and a new database identifying trade in low carbon technologies and the tariffs applied to these goods, this paper shows that the introduction of new climate policies has a positive and significant impact on LCT imports. Zooming into specific climate policies, the paper finds that, except for non-binding ones, all climate policies stimulate LCT imports. The paper also highlights the role of trade policies as an engine of LCT diffusion—reductions in tariffs applied on LCT goods have a sizeable impact on LCT imports. On the flip side, results suggest that more protectionist measures would impede the spread of low-carbon technologies. |
| Keywords: | Climate policies; trade; low carbon technologies; technological diffusion. |
| Date: | 2024–03–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2024/075&r=env |
| By: | MARQUES SANTOS Anabela (European Commission - JRC); BARBERO Javier; SALOTTI Simone (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The transition to a competitive and sustainable economy is at the heart of EU strategies to achieve climate neutrality while increasing economic efficiency. An indicator to measure the competitive and sustainable transition at regional level is presented based on Santos et al. (2023). The indicator accounts for shifts in employment towards greener and more productive sectors over the 2008-2020 period. On average, the share of employment in more productive and greener sectors is increasing over time, although the impact of the Covid-19 crisis is tangible. There is strong heterogeneity across EU regions, but most of the less developed regions lag behind the more developed ones. However, on the dimension measuring competitiveness, the less developed regions perform better than the more developed ones. The opposite is true for the environmental sustainability dimension. This suggests that regions initially improve along the competitiveness dimension, and only afterwards are capable of concentrating on environmental sustainability. |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc136629&r=env |
| By: | Alessandro Moro (Bank of Italy); Valerio Nispi Landi (Bank of Italy) |
| Abstract: | We examine the global implications of carbon taxation using a two-country environmental DSGE model, with a specific focus on the strategic interactions between countries, the case for cooperation, and the impact on the balance of payments. From a normative perspective, we show that, assuming a convex disutility of pollution, carbon taxes are strategic substitutes across countries: when one country increases carbon taxation, the other country finds it optimal to reduce it. From a positive perspective, a country imposing unilateral carbon taxation experiences a reduction in its production, a decrease in its interest rates, a depreciation of its currency on impact and an appreciation thereafter, higher debt, and equity outflows to the rest of the world. |
| Keywords: | carbon tax, climate change, capital flows, international policy transmission, DSGE |
| JEL: | F31 F32 F41 F42 Q58 |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bdi:wptemi:td_1445_24&r=env |
| By: | TRIPPL Michaela; SOETE Luc; KIVIMAA Paula; SCHWAAG SERGER Sylvia; KOUNDOURI Phoebe; PONTIKAKIS Dimitrios (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | We explore the regional implications of the policy concepts of open strategic autonomy and technology sovereignty, examining how those policies may impact and interact with industrial development and the socio-economic and -ecological transformation of regions. We highlight that the effects of policies on promoting strategic autonomy and technology sovereignty can vary significantly across regions. We demonstrate that the effectiveness of such policies can depend with regional development and cohesion strategies under certain circumstances. To exemplify these arguments, we analyse several cases, including the territorial aspects of military security, energy transitions, microchip production, and critical raw materials. Achieving OSA related goals without compromising environmental and social sustainability requires a fundamental rethink of supply chains, material sourcing and use, radically different energy systems, and a new industrial policy centred on renewable energy sources and sustainable material use. |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc136428&r=env |
| By: | Sarah Brodin; Dennis Guignet |
| Abstract: | The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 (RCRA) is a cornerstone of environmental policy in the United States. The law regulates the generation, transportation, storage, and disposal of hazardous chemicals. Unfortunately, hazardous releases are known to occur due to flawed equipment, human error, and dated historical practices. Releases are investigated and remediated through what is collectively known as a Corrective Action (CA). Using Census data and a novel dataset of RCRA facilities across the contiguous US, we examine the possibility of systematic inequities with regards to the (i) siting of RCRA facilities, (ii) occurrence of releases and CAs, (iii) duration of CAs, and (iv) permanence of remediation methods. We find evidence of disproportionate impacts across racial, ethnic, and income dimensions. The results vary, however, depending on the different aspects of the siting and cleanup process, thus emphasizing the need for multi-layered analyses to identify and fully understand potential inequities associated with environmental programs. Key Words: chemical, cleanup, environmental justice, equity, hazardous waste, RCRA |
| JEL: | D63 Q53 Q56 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:apl:wpaper:24-13&r=env |
| By: | D. Louis; C. Lombart (Audencia Business School) |
| Abstract: | This study investigates the impact of a water brand's CSR message highlighting the brand's environmental concerns on brand-related variables (attitude towards the brand and CSR) and consumer-related variables (consumer efforts to adopt sustainable behaviours and well-being). A research model is proposed, and the relationships postulated are tested on 414 French consumers. The study establishes the effectiveness of this kind of CSR messaging in influencing French consumers to purchase and recommend a particular brand. It then shows the direct and indirect ways in which a brand's CSR messaging can improve consumers' behavioural intentions (i.e. intentions to purchase the brand's products and to recommend the brand and/or its products). It also underscores that brand-related variables contribute to increasing brands', and thus companies', business performance, whereas consumer-related variables contribute to increasing their social performance. Finally, the REBUS-PLS method emphasises the existence of several consumer groups and identifies the core target customer groups on which companies should focus their communication efforts. |
| Keywords: | CSR, CSR message, sustainable behaviours, purchase intentions, well-being |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04386727&r=env |
| By: | Paine, Joshua; Sheargold, Elizabeth |
| Abstract: | Commitments to facilitate climate friendly FDI increasingly feature in investment facilitation agreements, in broader trade agreements and in non-binding green economy agreements. This Perspective argues that commitments for ongoing cooperation, which identify shared priorities and establish mechanisms for implementation, are a concrete way for treaties to facilitate climate friendly FDI. |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:colfdi:289491&r=env |
| By: | Cheikh T. Ndour (Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal); Simplice A. Asongu (Johannesburg, South Africa) |
| Abstract: | Purpose – This study examines the relevance of information and communication technologies in the effect of gender economic inclusion on environmental sustainability. Design/methodology/approach – The focus is on a panel of 42 sub-Saharan African countries over the period 2005-2020. The empirical evidence is based on generalized method of moments. The environmental sustainability indicator used is CO2 emissions per capita. Two indicators of women's economic inclusion are considered: women's labour force participation and women's unemployment. The chosen ICT indicators are mobile phone penetration, internet penetration and fixed broadband subscriptions. Findings – The results show that: (i) fixed broadband subscriptions represent the most relevant ICT moderator of gender economic inclusion for an effect on CO2 emissions; (ii) negative net effects are apparent for the most part with fixed broadband subscriptions (iii) both positive ICT thresholds (i.e., critical levels for complementary policies) and negative ICT thresholds (i.e., minimum ICT levels for negative net effects) are provided; (iv) ICT synergy effects are apparent for female unemployment, but not for female employment. In general, the joint effect of ICTs or their synergies and economic inclusion should be a concern for policymakers in order to better ensure sustainable development. Moreover, the relevant ICT policy thresholds and mobile phone threshold for complementary policy are essential in promoting a green economy. Originality/value –The study complements the extant literature by assessing linkages between information technology, gender economic inclusion and environmental sustainability. |
| Keywords: | ICT, Gender inclusion; Environment sustainability; Sub-Saharan Africa |
| JEL: | C52 O38 O40 O55 P37 |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:exs:wpaper:24/001&r=env |
| By: | Bakari, Sayef |
| Abstract: | In the context of this study, we aim to assess the impact of domestic investments and carbon dioxide emissions on economic growth in 48 Sub-Saharan African countries over the period 1990-2022. By employing an estimation methodology based on static gravity models (fixed and random effects) as well as the Panel GMM model (fixed and random effects), our results significantly and positively indicate that domestic investments and CO2 emissions influence economic growth. We recommend that policymakers and stakeholders in Sub-Saharan African countries take these findings into consideration when formulating economic policies. The positive and significant implications of domestic investments and CO2 emissions on economic growth underscore the importance of promoting policies that encourage appropriate levels of domestic investment and sustainable management of CO2 emissions. |
| Keywords: | CO2 Emissions, Domestic Investment, Economic Growth, Sub-Saharan African Countries. |
| JEL: | E22 O47 O55 Q56 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:120370&r=env |
| By: | Tipova, Nina; Vasileva, Elka; Stefanov, Stiliyan; Ivanova, Daniela |
| Abstract: | Food waste is a global problem that has an impact on the entire food chain and affects each and every one of us. The problem is multifaceted and has a number of negative consequences. Food waste has a negative impact on the environment, resources, the climate and leads to an increase in economic and social costs. Food safety, feeding the planet’s growing population and achieving sustainable development depend on the ability of current generations to tackle food waste and loss of food at every stage of the food chain. The current study assesses the state of food waste in out-of-home dining (based on the case of university canteens) by identifying the categories of foods in which the waste is greatest. The study used the method of direct observation in three university canteens in Sofia. The results can be used by stakeholders in developing appropriate tools and policies to solve the problem and meet the UN’s global development goals. Meeting target 12.3 requires globally to halve food waste per capita at retail and household level and reduce food losses along the food production and supply chain, including post-harvest losses by 2030. |
| Keywords: | food waste; out-of-home dining; university canteens; Bulgaria |
| JEL: | Q18 Q53 |
| Date: | 2023–05–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:120371&r=env |
| By: | Tubagus Aryandi Gunawan; Lilianna Gittoes; Cecelia Isaac; Chris Greig; Eric Larson |
| Abstract: | We present design methods and insights for CO2 capture, transport, and storage systems for clusters of industrial facilities, with a case-study focus on the state of Louisiana. Our analytical framework includes: (1) evaluating the scale and concentration of capturable CO2 emissions at individual facilities for the purpose of estimating the cost of CO2 capture retrofits, (2) a screening method to identify potential CO2 storage sites and estimate their storage capacities, injectivities, and costs; and (3) an approach for cost-minimized design of pipeline infrastructure connecting CO2 capture plants with storage sites that considers land use patterns, existing rights-of-way, demographics, and a variety of social and environmental justice factors. In applying our framework to Louisiana, we estimate up to 50 million tCO2/y of industrial emissions (out of today's total emissions of 130 MtCO2/y) can be captured at under 100 USD/tCO2, and up to 100 MtCO2/y at under 120 USD/tCO2. We identified 98 potential storage sites with estimated aggregate total injectivity between 330 and 730 MtCO2/yr and storage costs ranging from 8 to 17 USD/tCO2. We find dramatic reductions in the aggregate pipeline length and CO2 transport cost per tonne when groups of capture plants share pipeline infrastructure rather than build dedicated single-user pipelines. Smaller facilities (emitting less than 1 MtCO2/y), which account for a quarter of Louisiana's industrial emissions, see the largest transport cost benefits from sharing of infrastructure. Pipeline routes designed to avoid disadvantaged communities (social and environmental justice) so as not to reinforce historical practices of disenfranchisement involve only modestly higher pipeline lengths and costs. |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2403.17162&r=env |
| By: | Mikhail Andreyev (Bank of Russia, Russian Federation); Alyona Nelyubina (Bank of Russia, Russian Federation) |
| Abstract: | We use a DSGE model for a hydrocarbon-rich country to examine the macroeconomic implications of scenarios that lead to an energy transition. Our findings show that the scenario of the fall in export revenues from brown energy sales is the least preferred for energy transition in terms of welfare loss, while the scenario of imposing higher taxes is more acceptable. The most favourable scenario leading to the smallest drop in public wealth and long-term growth in output and consumption involves the productivity incentives in the green energy sector. We also analyse the impact of mechanisms such as monetary policy inertia, the level of openness of the financial account, technological substitutability between brown and green energy. We found that news about the future implementation of green policies alone cannot trigger the energy transition. Investments become cleaner after the news announcement, but this barely increases green energy production. |
| Keywords: | : dynamic models, general equilibrium, rational expectations, green energy, energy transition, climate policy, cross-border tax, monetary policy. |
| JEL: | D58 E47 E62 E63 |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bkr:wpaper:wps122&r=env |
| By: | Basheer, Mohammed; Siddig, Khalid; Elnour, Zuhal; Ahmed, Mosab O. M.; Ringler, Claudia |
| Abstract: | Efficient water resources management is essential for the sustainable development of nations, and large dams are an important tool for achieving this endeavor. Here, we present an integrated approach to simulating the impacts of large dams, integrating river systems infrastructure, hydrodynamic, and economywide models. We apply the framework to examine the biophysical, GDP, and distributional impacts of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on Sudan. |
| Keywords: | frameworks; dams; natural resources management; nile river; Northern Africa; Africa |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:cgiarp:137219&r=env |
| By: | Dorosh, Paul A.; Diao, Xinshen; Thurlow, James; Koirala, Pankaj; Timsina, Krishna; Krupnik, Timothy J. |
| Abstract: | Over the past decades, climate change has brought about numerous detrimental consequences for agricultural production in many countries, posing a substantial challenge to the economic well being of farmers while affecting national and international economies. Meteorological data specifically indicates that extreme weather events are occurring with unprecedented frequencies, intensities, and durations. This includes events associated with variations in the El Niño – Southern Oscillation of ocean currents, such as unusually dry weather in June through August in Nepal and other parts of South Asia. For example, during the El Niño year of 1992, a particularly severe drought occurred in Nepal, contributing in part to a 17.7 percent fall in rice production relative to the prior trend. Current indications are that another El Niño – related drought may already be underway in 2023 and into 2024. With the extreme weather events, global economies have experienced a number of recent shocks – for example those associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and conflicts in countries such as the Ukraine and Russia that are important exporters of agricultural inputs and goods. As such, this research note explores the implications of a range of agricultural productivity shocks including but not limited to those resulting from a possible El Niño-related drought in 2023 and extending into early 2024 (coinciding with the monsoon and post-monsoon seasons). |
| Keywords: | climate change; agricultural production; economic aspects; extreme weather events; el niño; shock; drought; Nepal; Asia |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:cgiarp:136173&r=env |
| By: | Jun Xu |
| Abstract: | The burgeoning integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) initiatives within the financial sector represents a paradigm shift towards more sus-tainable and equitable financial practices. This paper surveys the industrial landscape to delineate the necessity and impact of AI in bolstering ESG frameworks. With the advent of stringent regulatory requirements and heightened stakeholder awareness, financial institutions (FIs) are increasingly compelled to adopt ESG criteria. AI emerges as a pivotal tool in navigating the complex in-terplay of financial activities and sustainability goals. Our survey categorizes AI applications across three main pillars of ESG, illustrating how AI enhances analytical capabilities, risk assessment, customer engagement, reporting accuracy and more. Further, we delve into the critical con-siderations surrounding the use of data and the development of models, underscoring the importance of data quality, privacy, and model robustness. The paper also addresses the imperative of responsible and sustainable AI, emphasizing the ethical dimensions of AI deployment in ESG-related banking processes. Conclusively, our findings suggest that while AI offers transformative potential for ESG in banking, it also poses significant challenges that necessitate careful consideration. The final part of the paper synthesizes the survey's insights, proposing a forward-looking stance on the adoption of AI in ESG practices. We conclude with recommendations with a reference architecture for future research and development, advocating for a balanced approach that leverages AI's strengths while mitigating its risks within the ESG domain. |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2403.05541&r=env |
| By: | West Togbetse (Université d’Orléans); Camelia Turcu |
| Abstract: | In the context of climate change, countries need natural resources for their development and energy transition process. A large share of these resources is based in emerging and developing countries. Within this framework, we investigate whether natural resources endowment has become a key determinant in the allocation of development aid. We put a specific focus on China, which has started to have a proactive role in international aid to other countries, although it is still an emerging economy. In particular, we analyze whether China is increasingly granting aid to countries well endowed with natural resources and if this official development assistance is motivated by economic interests, mainly those related to natural resources. To do so, we use two sets of data: an original database at the country level, covering the period 2000-2016, and geocoded data on 1650 Chinese development projects across 2969 physical locations in Africa over the period 1999-2013. We built thus our analysis at a macro and microeconomic level. Our results show that the aid granted by China can be linked to access to natural resources. |
| Keywords: | Foreign aid, natural resources, energy transition |
| JEL: | F Q |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:inf:wpaper:2023.16&r=env |
| By: | ALBIZZATI Paola Federica (European Commission - JRC); TONINI Davide (European Commission - JRC); GAUDILLAT Pierre (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | This study focuses on the separation, collection and subsequent management of the dry recyclable fractions (i.e. beverage cartons, glass, metal, paper and cardboard, and plastic) of municipal waste in the EU-27. The goal of the study is to recommend compliant/noncompliant and, in general, best commingling practices for the separate collection of dry recyclables in view of the obligations set by the EU Waste Framework Directive and its upcoming revision. To this end, the study first identifies the most relevant collection and commingling practices for dry recyclables around the EU-27 and subsequently assesses the environmental and economic impacts of 65 different management practices with a view to providing evidence-based recommendations for the interpretation and, ultimately, revision of the EU Waste Framework Directive, with a special focus on the derogations from a strict separate collection of the recyclables. The results indicate that single-stream collection (commingling all dry recyclables together) incurs detrimental environmental and economic effects and should be avoided. Systems with three or four streams achieve comparable environmental and economic performances and are recommended, together with selected dual-stream systems where glass, metal and plastic are commingled, while paper and cardboard are collected in a separate stream or commingled with beverage cartons. There is no evidence that four-stream systems are better than three-stream systems or dual-stream systems when paper and cardboard are kept separate from the other light dry recyclables, suggesting that some degree of commingling can be safely accepted and even recommended in view of the potential benefits of reducing the overall number of streams collected (costs, space, convenience), although these were not assessed quantitatively in this study. |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc136657&r=env |
| By: | Joyce, Caroline A.; Gelli, Aulo; Caswell, Bess; Perera, Thushanthi; Ranathunga, Thilanka; Sitisekara, Hasara; Tan, Xiuping; Hess, Sonja Y.; Silva, Renuka; Olney, Deanna K.; Honeycutt, Sydney |
| Abstract: | Healthy, balanced diets are crucial for preventing chronic diseases and disabilities, with fruit and vegetables (F&V) of particular importance. The CGIAR Research Initiative on Fruit and Vegetables for Sustainable Healthy Diets (FRESH) aims to enhance F&V intake, diet quality, nutrition and health while improving livelihoods, empowering women and youth and mitigating negative environmental impacts globally. |
| Keywords: | diet; fruits; vegetables; trace elements; data; Sri Lanka; Asia |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:cgiarp:138205&r=env |
| By: | Juanma Castro-Vincenzi; Guarav Khanna; Nicolas Morales; Nitya Pandalai-Nayar |
| Abstract: | We characterize how firms structure supply chains under climate risk. Using new data on the universe of firm-to-firm transactions from an Indian state, we show that firms diversify sourcing locations, and suppliers exposed to climate risk charge lower prices. Our event-study analysis finds that firms with suppliers in flood-affected districts experience a decline in inputs lasting two months, followed by a return to original suppliers. We develop a general equilibrium model of firm input sourcing under climate risk. Firms diversify identical inputs from suppliers across space, trading off the probability of a climate shock against higher input costs. We quantify the model using data on 271 Indian districts, showing real wages vary across space and are correlated with geography and productivity. Wages are inversely correlated with sourcing risk, giving rise to a cost minimization-resilience tradeoff. Supply chain diversification unambiguously reduces real wage volatility, but ambiguously affects their levels, as diversification may come with higher input costs. While diversification helps mitigate climate risk, it exacerbates the distributional effects of climate change by reducing wages in regions prone to more frequent shocks. |
| Keywords: | Production networks; supply chains; firm dynamics; climate change |
| JEL: | F14 L14 |
| Date: | 2024–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedrwp:98016&r=env |
| By: | BECKER Annette (European Commission - JRC); FATICA Serena (European Commission - JRC); LONDON Melina (European Commission - JRC); PANZICA Roberto (European Commission - JRC); PAPADOPOULOS Georgios (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | This report conducts a first stocktake of finance for green investment in Europe. It puts forward some conceptual lines to build a monitoring framework for green finance. It also proposes a dashboard of indicators to measure real economy outcomes and financial outcomes, and provides a first implementation by calculating prioritised indicators based on relevance and data availability. The report identifies data gaps with regard to climate adaptation as well as the non-climate objectives listed in the EU taxonomy regulation, while it highlights the complexity of the operationalisation of high-level definitions to implement the monitoring. Primarily data driven in its implementation, this monitoring exercise is set to evolve and improve as new data become available. |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc136925&r=env |
| By: | Juanma Castro-Vincenzi; Guarav Khanna; Nicolas Morales; Nitya Pandalai-Nayar |
| Abstract: | We characterize how firms structure supply chains under climate risk. Using new data on the universe of firm-to-firm transactions from an Indian state, we show that firms diversify sourcing locations, and suppliers exposed to climate risk charge lower prices. Our event-study analysis finds that firms with suppliers in flood-affected districts experience a decline in inputs lasting two months, followed by a return to original suppliers. We develop a general equilibrium model of firm input sourcing under climate risk. Firms diversify identical inputs from suppliers across space, trading off the probability of a climate shock against higher input costs. We quantify the model using data on 271 Indian districts, showing real wages vary across space and are correlated with geography and productivity. Wages are inversely correlated with sourcing risk, giving rise to a cost minimization-resilience tradeoff. Supply chain diversification unambiguously reduces real wage volatility, but ambiguously affects their levels, as diversification may come with higher input costs. While diversification helps mitigate climate risk, it exacerbates the distributional effects of climate change by reducing wages in regions prone to more frequent shocks. |
| Keywords: | Production networks; supply chains; firm dynamics; climate change |
| JEL: | F14 L14 |
| Date: | 2024–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedrwp:98029&r=env |
| By: | Moisés Obaco (Universidad Católica del Norte & FACEA & Departamento de Economía, Antofagasta, Chile); Daniel Davi-Arderius (Copenhagen School of Energy Infrastructure (CSEI), Copenhagen Business School, Denmark & University of Barcelona and Chair of Energy Sustainability & Barcelona Institute of Economics (IEB)); Nicola Pontarollo (Department of Economics and Management, University of Brescia) |
| Abstract: | Developing countries are making great efforts to electrify residences to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and deal with climate change. In 2014, Ecuador launched a clean-cooking program known as the Programa de Cocción Eficiente (PCE) aimed at replacing liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)-fired cookstoves and LPG-fired boilers with electric devices. Using an original dataset of monthly information (2015-2021) at the parish level, we study several important determinants of participation in this program that have not yet been addressed. We first model spatial spillovers and then investigate the impact of regional power quality and the effect of other subsidized programs related to electricity consumption. Our results show spillover effects for PCE participation with regard to cooking but not for the overall PCE participation rate. Higher participation is associated to better supply quality and with the use of other power subsidies. Policy recommendations include the need to perform detailed spatial analyof the determinants of participation in these programs, instead of using surveys, and designing programs using a placed-based approach, in addition to evaluating cross-sectional effects between subsidies in advance in order to avoid unforeseen trade-offs and considering the regulatory framework for utilities to provide effective incentives to improve supply quality. |
| Keywords: | Clean-cooking programs, Energy poverty, Spatial spillover effects, Power quality, Electrical reliability, Latin America, Developing countries, Ecuador |
| JEL: | Q01 Q43 Q52 Q56 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ieb:wpaper:doc2023-07&r=env |
| By: | Olimpia Cutinelli Rendina (PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris sciences et lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, PJSE - Paris Jourdan Sciences Economiques - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris sciences et lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Collège de France - Chaire Economie des institutions, de l'innovation et de la croissance - CdF (institution) - Collège de France); Sonja Dobkowitz (Universität Bonn = University of Bonn); Antoine Mayerowitz (PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris sciences et lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Collège de France - Chaire Economie des institutions, de l'innovation et de la croissance - CdF (institution) - Collège de France) |
| Abstract: | How do firms respond to rising environmental concerns of consumers? We investigate this question for the automotive industry in the US using a shift-share instrumental variable approach. We construct a novel dataset at the firm-level to instrument changes in household preferences with natural disasters. Our findings suggest that firms not only engage in cleaner innovation but also increase their lobbying on environmental topics. We show that the increase in environmental lobbying and clean patenting follow the same dynamics which points to a complementarity between the two strategies. These results can be understood as firms using lobbying to increase the value of clean patents: higher environmental standards tailored to the firm's new clean technologies diminish the competition the firm faces. |
| Date: | 2024–03–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04502992&r=env |
| By: | Matteo Foglia (Department of Economics and Finance, University of Bari ``Aldo Moro", Italy); Vasilios Plakandaras (Department of Economics, Democritus University of Thrace, Komotini, Greece); Rangan Gupta (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa); Qiang Ji (Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China) |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we examine the potential spillovers between returns, volatility, skewness and kurtosis of developed stock markets under the lenses of rare disaster events, proxied by climate risks. The goal of this study is to depict the transmission mechanism of rare disaster events involving moments within and between advanced equity markets. In doing so, we provide estimates of the aforementioned moments based on model-implied distributions of stock returns, derived from the quantile autoregressive distributed lag mixed-frequency data sampling (QADL-MIDAS) method, using a long span of data. Our research framework includes the G7 and Switzerland over the period December 1924 to February 2023, where we apply a multilayer approach to spillovers, adding the effect of climate risk to our analysis. Our empirical findings are as follows: firstly, spillovers are significant within- and across stock markets for each of the four moments. Secondly, based on a nonparametric causality-in-quantiles approach, changes in temperature anomalies, have the predictive power to shape the entire conditional distribution of various metrics of spillover involving single- and multiple-layers of returns and risks layers. In sum, we show that the multi-layer approach offers a comprehensive and nuanced view of how stock market-related information is transmitted across the stock markets of advanced economies, carrying implications for investors and policymakers. |
| Keywords: | Returns and risk spillovers, advanced equity markets, multi-layer spillover approach, nonparametric causality-in-quantiles method, climate risks, predictability |
| JEL: | C22 C32 C53 G15 Q54 |
| Date: | 2024–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pre:wpaper:202415&r=env |
| By: | François Cohen (UB Department of Economics, Energy Sustainability Chair & IEB); Victor Kahn (Mines Paris PSL); Guillaume Wald (Mines Paris PSL) |
| Abstract: | Vast amounts are being invested in the energy transition worldwide, with optimistic expectations of economic growth and green job creation. Yet, we crucially lack ex-post validations of the multiplier effects widely used to quantify new green jobs. Focusing on the French Energy Efficiency Obligations scheme, this paper provides the first ex-post estimate of the employment effect of a large energy-retrofit investment program. We exploit a discontinuity in the provision of subsidies and use a novel synthetic control method on disaggregated data to estimate regional-level employment effects. We estimate that the scheme created 1.4 jobs per million euros invested. |
| Keywords: | Energy Efficiency, Green Jobs, Employment, Energy Transition, Subsidies, Certificates |
| JEL: | J21 H23 Q43 Q48 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ieb:wpaper:doc2024-01&r=env |
| By: | Reitmann, Ann-Kristin; Sievert, Maximiliane |
| Abstract: | Many policy interventions in the environmental sector aim at changing environmental preferences, because these provide the basis for adopting environmental conservation behavior or technologies. To evaluate these changes, standard measurement tools in survey-based impact evaluations have their limitations. We discuss the potential of framed field experiments as an alternative to attain unbiased outcome measures, and present a case study from an impact evaluation in the Colombian coffee sector. While clear advantages exist, we show that indicators from framed field experiments require substantial sample sizes to provide well-powered results. Moreover, preference indicators are highly context specific, which calls for an elaborated framing to attain the intended kind of preferences. |
| Abstract: | Viele Politikmaßnahmen im Umweltsektor zielen auf die Veränderung von Präferenzen ab, da diese die Grundlage für umweltfreundliches Verhalten und Nutzung umweltfreundlicher Technologien bilden. Um solche Veränderungen zu bewerten, stoßen die Standardmessinstrumente der umfragebasierten Wirkungsevaluierung an ihre Grenzen. Wir erörtern das Potenzial von Feldexperimenten als Alternative, um unverzerrte Ergebnisindikatoren zu erhalten, und stellen die Fallstudie einer Wirkungsevaluierung im kolumbianischen Kaffeesektor vor. Wir zeigen, dass die Indikatoren aus Feldexperimenten erhebliche Stichprobengrößen erfordern, um aussagekräftige Ergebnisse zu erzielen. Darüber hinaus sind die Indikatoren sehr kontextspezifisch, was ein ausgefeiltes Framing erfordert, um die beabsichtigte Art von Präferenzen zu messen. |
| Keywords: | Field experiment, environmental preferences, impact evaluation, lessons learned, behavioral economics |
| JEL: | C83 C93 O13 O22 Q20 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:rwirep:287767&r=env |
| By: | West Togbetse (Université d’Orléans); Camelia Turcu |
| Abstract: | In this study, we assess the effect of natural resources on FDI flows to Africa within the energy transition context. To do this, and given China’s growing presence in Africa, we focus only on China as a main investor in Africa. We analyze its outward FDI flows, at micro and macro level to 30 African countries over a 19-year period (2000 to 2018). Our results show that not all natural resources are attractive factors for FDI. Mineral resources and natural gas were found to be key determinants of Chinese FDI while oil resources have a negative impact on Chinese FDI flows to Africa. These results might suggest an engagement in the energy transition process which requires specific mineral resources. |
| Keywords: | FDI , natural resources, energy transition |
| JEL: | F |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:inf:wpaper:2023.15&r=env |
| By: | Oleksandr Galychyn (PARTHENOPE - Università degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope” = University of Naples); B.D. Fath (Towson University [Towson, MD, United States] - University of Maryland System); D. Wiedenhofer (BOKU - Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life [Vienne, Autriche]); E. Buonocore (PARTHENOPE - Università degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope” = University of Naples); P.P. Franzese (PARTHENOPE - Università degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope” = University of Naples) |
| Abstract: | Urban activities currently consume 75% of global final energy demand, which is expected to increase given absolute and relative population growth in cities. Assessments of both producer (upstream) and consumer(downstream) ecological and socioeconomic impacts of urban inter-industry exchanges are needed to reduce energy consumption and resource use behind the industrial footprints of cities. Environmental extensions in the input-output analysis are designed from the user side perspective, focusing only on commercial energy su Delete French Add Keywords You can add keywords in multiple languages : choose the desired language and click on + to add new keywords. The characters ", " and ";" can be used to separate keywords in a list. English Delete English Add Fulltext language Licence Journal Cleaner Production Letters (ISSN : 2666-7916) Journal not referenced in Sherpa-Romeo Publication date Accepted formats are YYYY-MM-DD or YYYY-MM or YYYY In press If you choose the option "In Press", the publication date will no longer be required Volume Number page number Identifiers Identifiers Add the identifiers of this work in other data bases such as DOI, arXiv, PubMed, ADS DOI Delete ArXiv Add Related data Add the DOI identifiers to link your submissions to research data. Delete Add Funding ANR project(s) Add the code décision (ANR-19-ASMA-0007), the acronym or the title of the project. You can add more than one ANR project European project(s) Add one or multiple European projects this work is related to Contract, financing Economical sources of this work Add Other Informations Production date Accepted formats are YYYY-MM-DD or YYYY-MM or YYYY Science popularization Peer-reviewed Audience Electronic publication date Accepted formats are YYYY-MM-DD or YYYY-MM or YYYY Volume title Add the collection title or the volume title Conference/Publisher URL Classification PACS, MSC, etc. ACM Classification 2012 Enter keywords from ACM 2012 classification ACM Classification 1998 Enter keywords from ACM 1998 classification Mesh thesaurus Fill in information from the MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) Add JEL thesaurus Fill in information from the JEL keyword thesaurus Comment Internal note Add Project/Collaboration Add See also URL to related ressources Add Research infrastructure From the National Roadmap for Research Infrastructures Validation, Check your informations and agree to terms I check the information in the citation Journal articles Oleksandr Galychyn, B.D. Fath, D. Wiedenhofer, E. Buonocore, P.P. Franzese. An urban emergy footprint: Comparing supply- and use-extended input-output models for the case of Vienna, Austria. Cleaner Production Letters, 2024, 6, pp.100058. ⟨10.1016/j.clpl.2024.100058⟩ I transfer my submission arxiv To transfer your document on arXiv, your submission needs to comply with the following conditions: The document must have an abstract in english One of the chosen domain must be a sub-domain of arXiv Every file must weight |
| Keywords: | Emergy accounting Emergy-evaluated carbon footprint Carbon footprint Environmental |
| Date: | 2024–03–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04507173&r=env |
| By: | Fabian Scheifele; David Popp |
| Abstract: | Support from local citizens is important for the scale-up of renewable energy. We investigate the impact of utility-scale wind and solar parks on employment, GDP and public finances in Brazilian municipalities using a difference-in-differences design with matching. We find a positive employment impact of 1-1.5 jobs/MW in the 15 months preceding the commissioning of a solar park, when the park is under construction, but no impacts thereafter. For wind, we find no employment impacts during the construction phase and potentially a small impact of 0.2-0.25 jobs/MW in the 12 months following commissioning. In the year after commissioning, GDP increases 23% for an average sized solar park and 12% for an average sized wind project. The impacts only decrease slightly in the following years. We also find significant persistent fiscal revenue impacts in wind compared to only a one-time tax revenue increase in solar at the time of construction. Our results provide different implications for policymakers that want to advocate for renewable energy in their towns. While for solar, the main benefit constitutes a short-term increase in low-skilled employment and public revenues, wind energy provides more long-term financial benefits but less local employment opportunities. |
| JEL: | E24 H71 J21 O13 O14 Q52 |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:32274&r=env |
| By: | Simon Mathex (CEE-M - Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier) |
| Abstract: | C'est un mode de chauffage qui jouit d'une bonne image : réputé convivial, peu coûteux et bon pour l'environnement, le chauffage au bois a de multiples atouts pour plaire. En 2021, plus d'un foyer français sur dix avait choisi le bois comme principale source de chauffage, chiffre qui a sans doute du grimper depuis, du fait de l'augmentation des prix des autres sources d'énergies, couplées aux incitations de sobriété énergétique et aux aides de l'État. À l'échelle gouvernementale, le chauffage au bois est d'ailleurs présenté comme une piste prometteuse pour répondre à plusieurs objectifs nationaux : augmentation de la part d'énergie renouvelable dans le mix énergétique, réduction de la consommation d'énergie ou encore réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre. Chez les particuliers, ce mode de chauffage est également perçu comme une option à favoriser pour la planète. Dans l'enquête que nous avons réalisée auprès de 1319 individus, le bois était perçu comme l'énergie de chauffage qui générait le moins de dommages à l'environnement, devant l'électricité, le gaz et le fioul. Mais qu'en est-il vraiment ? N'y-a-t-il pas des risques à percevoir et promouvoir le chauffage au bois comme une source d'énergie ? |
| Date: | 2024–02–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04510572&r=env |
| By: | Schenuit, Felix; Geden, Oliver |
| Abstract: | Als letzte große klimapolitische Initiative vor den Europawahlen hat die scheidende Europäische Kommission ihre Mitteilung für ein 2040-Ziel veröffentlicht. Mit ihrer Empfehlung eines 90%-Netto-Reduktionsziels im Vergleich zu 1990 schlägt sie erste strategische Pflöcke für die nächste Legislaturperiode ein. Dabei unterstreicht sie die zunehmende Bedeutung industriepolitischer Flankierung der Klimapolitik, besonders von Carbon-Management-Technologien. Zwar beginnt die Ausgestaltung der klimapolitischen Architektur für die Jahre 2031 bis 2040 erst nach den Europawahlen. Doch die Mitteilung zum 2040-Ziel gibt einen Vorgeschmack auf die politischen Herausforderungen, denen sich auch die Bundesregierung stellen muss. |
| Keywords: | Europäische Kommission, europäische Klimapolitik, 2040-Ziel, Europäischer Rat, Carbon Management, CCS, BECCS, DACCS, CCU, CDR |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:swpakt:289464&r=env |
| By: | Jia Huan Liew |
| Abstract: | Evaluation of for The Unjournal (Unjournal.org) |
| JEL: | Q57 Q28 F18 |
| Date: | 2023–05–24 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bjn:evalua:wildlife2023-e1&r=env |
| By: | Melo-Velasco, Jenny; Padilla-Quiñonez, Claudina; Colindres, Mirian; Ceballos-Sierra, Federico; Wiegel, Jennifer |
| Abstract: | Under the new EU deforestation regulation (EUDR), dated 31/05/2023, coffee producers and other producers of other significant commodities —cocoa, oil palm, rubber, soya, cattle, and wood— will have to comply with three aspects to export their products into the European Un ion. These aspects are i) Deforestation-free; 2) Production under the relevant legislation of the country of production; and 3) Due diligence statement. (Council of the European Union, 2022). These conditions are designed to minimize the European Union's impact on global deforestation and forest degradation, and to reduce its contribution to greenhouse gas emissions. Understanding this regulation, set to be enforced by December 30th, 2024, is crucial for coffee farmers who may face challenges due to the regulation's definition of deforestation, which includes forest-to-agroforestry conversion (Naranjo et al., 2023). For the Honduran coffee sector, where coffee is the primary agricultural export crop, with over 120, 000 coffee farms making a significant contribution to a third of the agricultural GDP (IHCAFE, 2021), comprehending this regulation is essential. In examining the aspects of the EUDR, we encounter a complex interplay of definitions, ac tors, and processes that necessitate in-depth exploration to grasp their nuances and specific challenges. A transversal aspect involves how all the new information requested by this regulation is going to be collected, cleaned, integrated, stored, analyzed, reported, audited and updated. This paper aims to illuminate these processes by focusing on the existing and potential linkages among three traceability tools currently under development in the Honduran coffee sector. |
| Keywords: | deforestation; traceability; coffee industry; regulations; emission reduction; forestry; Hondura; Central America |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:cgiarp:138419&r=env |
| By: | Kwon, Ohyun (Drexel University School of Economics); Zhao, Hao (School of Environmental and Natural Resources, and Institute of Ecological Civilization, Renmin University of China); Zhao, Min Qiang (MOE Key Laboratory of Econometrics, the Wang Yanan Institute for Studies in Economics, Xiamen University) |
| Abstract: | We propose a novel method for calculating product-level emission intensities (PLEI) at highly disaggregate level (Harmonized System 6-digit) for nine emission categories. This method effectively disentangles PLEI from the firm-level efficiency factor that varies across firms and years. Utilizing firm-level emissions data from China for the period 2000–2013, our analysis shows that: (i) there is substantial heterogeneity in PLEI across different products; (ii) the 10% most emission-intensive products contribute to nearly 75% of total emissions, while comprising only 4% of total exports; (iii) a less aggregate categorization of products markedly underestimates the variation in emission intensities; and (iv) China’s export profile shows no tendency towards specialization in products with high emission intensity. |
| Keywords: | International trade; Emission intensities; China |
| JEL: | D22 F18 Q56 |
| Date: | 2024–03–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:drxlwp:2024_004&r=env |
| By: | Héloïse Berkowitz (LEST - Laboratoire d'Economie et de Sociologie du Travail - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, AMU - Aix Marseille Université); Sanne Bor (LUT - Lappeenranta University of Technology [Finlande]) |
| Abstract: | How do we change social orders to deliver a sustainable future? A growing literature in organization studies argues that meta-organizations are part of the answer. Meta-organizations have been shown to be well equipped for tackling grand challenges, yet paradoxically they also tend to resist change due to their inertia. In this paper, we move beyond the question of whether and how meta-organizations act as vectors of transition to address the question of how some of the defining organizational attributes of meta-organizations—which we call ‘meta-organizationality'—create tensions for sustainability transitions. We argue that these tensions result from frictions between the imperatives of transitions, i.e. conditions for achieving broad socio-technical transformations for sustainability, and the imperatives of meta-organizations, i.e. the implications resulting specifically from their meta-organizationality. We unpack four tensions, which we frame as ‘multi-referentiality–directionality', ‘layering–diffusion', ‘dialectical actorhood–coordination', and ‘multi-level decidedness–reflexivity'. We argue that transformative meta-organizations are those that successfully navigate these tensions to produce sociotechnical system changes. This work has several implications for organization studies, meta-organization studies and transition studies, and offers several avenues for research. |
| Keywords: | meta-organization, sustainability transition, meta-organizationality, grand challenges, transition intermediaries, tensions, decisions, actorhood, Multi-referentiality |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04493940&r=env |
| By: | Takahiro Kubo; Saeko Terada; Shinya URYU; Taro Mieno; Diogo Veríssimo |
| Abstract: | This is the authors' response to the evaluations of the paper "Banning wildlife trade can boost demand for unregulated threatened species", commissioned by The Unjournal (Unjournal.org). |
| JEL: | Q57 Q28 F18 |
| Date: | 2023–05–24 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bjn:evalua:wildlife2023-ar&r=env |
| By: | STAMOS Iraklis (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The "Not Another SDG 5 booklet" presents an incisive exploration of SDG 5 - Gender Equality. It advocates for a comprehensive view of gender, recognizing a spectrum of identities and confronting systemic discrimination and violence. The booklet underscores the ambition of SDG 5, highlighting the need for dialogues on power sharing, leadership, and the intersectionality of social justice and human rights. Critical interlinkages between SDG 5 and other goals are examined, demonstrating gender equality's centrality to sustainable development. The booklet outlines the roles of pivotal actors such as UN Women and the European Institute for Gender Equality, and discusses key challenges communities face, including discrimination, violence, and economic and political inequality. Monitoring strategies are emphasized, focusing on the necessity of disaggregated data to target interventions effectively. The booklet compares UN and EU approaches to monitoring gender equality, emphasizing systematic and strategic methodologies. Local governments' contributions to implementing and monitoring SDG 5 are described, with an emphasis on adapting global targets to local realities. EU policy initiatives for combating gender inequality are outlined, alongside examples of local actions, such as support services for survivors of gender-based violence. The booklet critically assesses Europe's progress towards SDG 5, revealing slow advancements and calling for accelerated action to meet 2030 targets. It concludes with a vision beyond 2030, imagining a society founded on gender equality principles, where all individuals have the opportunity to succeed without gender-based barriers. The booklet serves as a vital tool for those engaged in gender equality, providing insights and guidelines for realizing the full potential of SDG 5. |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc137260&r=env |
| By: | - |
| Abstract: | O Fórum de Ministros e Altas Autoridades de Habitação e Urbanismo da América Latina e do Caribe-MINURVI é a mais alta instituição de coordenação e cooperação intergovernamental dos países da região em matéria de habitação, planejamento urbano e desenvolvimento urbano sustentável. Suas Assembleias Gerais são instâncias anuais para promover o intercâmbio de experiências, boas práticas e lições aprendidas dos países membros, bem como de outros atores-chave interessados em habitação e desenvolvimento urbano. Além disso, esse Fórum permite formar alianças e lançar novas iniciativas em benefício dos territórios e da população da América Latina e do Caribe. Este documento é baseado nos documentos e apresentações da XXXII Assembleia Geral (MINURVI), realizada nos dias 9 e 10 de novembro de 2023 na Cidade Autônoma de Buenos Aires. A Assembleia foi organizada pela presidência do MINURVI sob a responsabilidade do Ministério do Desenvolvimento Territorial e Habitat da Argentina e seu Ministro Santiago Maggiotti, com o apoio da Comissão Econômica para a América Latina e o Caribe - CEPAL. Durante essa reunião, autoridades, líderes e especialistas em habitação, habitat e urbanismo, bem como bancos de desenvolvimento, reuniram-se com o objetivo de promover o setor de habitação e habitat como eixos fundamentais para alcançar o desenvolvimento urbano sustentável na região, alcançando cidades mais inclusivas, justas e resilientes que possam responder aos impactos da crise climática. |
| Date: | 2024–03–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col043:69087&r=env |
| By: | Gilles Paché (CERGAM - Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - UTLN - Université de Toulon) |
| Abstract: | Since February 2022, two major geopolitical crises have shaken the world. First, Russia attacked Ukrainian territory as part of a "special military operation" to demilitarize it and defend Russian-speaking regions. In turn, in October 2023, the Middle East has experienced a new dramatic episode in its history, with an Israeli-Palestinian war in the Gaza Strip. In both cases, the violent fighting is causing humanitarian crises. While this is an essential issue, it should not conceal the reality of major ecological disasters. This article points out that war-related environmental crises have been a known reality since the 1960s and should lead to the definitive recognition of war ecocides. |
| Keywords: | Crises, Ecology, War ecocides |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04510513&r=env |
| By: | Reardon, Thomas; Awokuse, Titus; Liverpool-Tasie, Lenis Saweda O.; Minten, Bart; Nguyen, Geneviève; Qanti, Sara; Swinnen, Johan; Vos, Rob; Zilberman, David |
| Abstract: | There is an important gap in the literature regarding evidence about the emergence of outsource agrifood services. We contend that there are few studies on outsource services for differentiated product value chains, particularly in developing countries. To some extent, also, there is a knowledge gap regarding the use and effectiveness of eco-certification and labeling compliance-assisting services in developed countries. The bulk of attention on outsource services is centered at the commodity phase (such as with bulk grains) and the modern stage, and less attention is being paid to the product differentiation phase. To fill these voids, we focus on three country illustrations, ranging in the product cycle phases from transitional to transitional-modern to modern, and from early differentiating case in Ethiopia (on basic quality) to intermediate differentiating case in Indonesia (on advanced quality and variety differentiation in mangoes), to advanced-differentiating case in France (on eco-labeling and certification). We focus on horticulture as it is rapidly growing, and rapidly differentiating both in developed and developing countries. We conclude that policies and public investments facilitating the formation of these services are important. Importantly, we found that without these emerging outsource services, farmers would not have been able to be resilient to the shocks of market requirements and climate change. |
| Keywords: | agrifood systems; value chains; developing countries; horticulture; Ethiopia; France |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:cgiarp:137594&r=env |
| By: | Nosratzadeh, Hossein; Bhowmick, Debjit; Carmona, Ana Belén Ríos; Thompson, Jason; Thai, Thao; Pearson, Lauren; Beck, Ben |
| Abstract: | E-bikes are recognized as a sustainable mode of transportation with an unmet potential for widespread adoption. However, despite a decade of global implementation, research gaps persist regarding the design and characteristics of incentive programs for e-bikes. This review examines different design elements of implemented financial incentive programs for e-bike uptake in OECD countries. The findings reveal three main components common to these schemes: (1) target cohort, with the majority of programs focusing on the local population; (2) eligible e-bike types, with regular e-bikes being the most frequently chosen; and (3) financial incentive structures aimed at maximizing uptake among the target cohort, with post-purchase rebates being the most prevalent. Another significant aspect identified is the allocation process, predominantly following a "first come, first served" structure. However, prioritizing project goals and promoting equity is recommended for optimal program design. The array of structures and designs in these schemes highlights challenges in determining optimal designs, constrained by limited evidence informing transport policies. This review synthesizes global insights on designing financial incentive schemes to boost e-bike uptake, providing a comprehensive guide for policy making and program administrators in designing executive programs. |
| Date: | 2024–04–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:5xgch&r=env |
| By: | - |
| Abstract: | The Forum of Ministers and High-level Authorities of Housing and Urbanism of Latin America and the Caribbean (MINURVI) is the highest institution of coordination and intergovernmental cooperation for the countries in the region when it comes to housing, urban planning and sustainable urban development. Its General Assemblies are annual instances aimed to promote the exchange of experiences, good practices and lessons learned by member countries, as well as other key actors interested in housing and urban development. In addition, this Forum allows the formation of alliances and launching of new initiatives for the benefit of the territories and the population of Latin America and the Caribbean. This document is based on the statements and presentations made during the thirtysecond General Assembly of MINURVI, held on November 9 and 10, 2023 in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. The Assembly was organized by the MINURVI presidency, held the Ministry of Territorial Development and Habitat of Argentina and its Minister Santiago Maggiotti, with the support of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean - ECLAC. During this meeting, authorities, leaders and experts in housing, habitat and urban planning, as well as development banks, met with the objective of promoting the housing and habitat sector as fundamental axes to achieve sustainable urban development in the region, reaching more inclusive, fair and resilient cities that can respond to the impacts of the climate crisis. |
| Date: | 2024–03–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col043:69086&r=env |
| By: | Samir Labiad (ENCGT - Ecole Nationale de Commerce et de Gestion de Tanger - UAE - Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi); Saida Marso (ENCGT - Ecole Nationale de Commerce et de Gestion de Tanger - UAE - Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi) |
| Keywords: | Consumer behaviour Organic food Developing countries Market research Emerging countries. JEL Classification : D10 D11 M31 M37, Consumer behaviour, Organic food, Developing countries, Market research, Emerging countries. |
| Date: | 2024–03–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04510478&r=env |
| By: | Moisson, Paul-Henri |
| Abstract: | The paper investigates socially responsible investment (SRI) when savers’ moral compass is direct consequentialism. It unveils the determinants of the (positive) green premium under laissez-faire and studies the ability of Pigouvian taxes to deliver the first-best outcome. It characterizes conditions under which, despite leakage, divestment increases social welfare. It describes when best-in-class strategies dominate exclusion. It further demonstrates that, whenever a polluting technology may be cleaned, shareholder activism in the polluting sector may be the morally right action. The paper then conducts the same analysis with two other moral criteria: "shared responsibility" and rule consequentialism, and compares their implications to the ones of direct consequentialism. |
| Keywords: | socially responsible investment; consequentialism; impact investing; green premium; Pigou tax; divestment, shareholder activism |
| JEL: | A13 D62 H23 Q59 |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tse:wpaper:124697&r=env |
| By: | Markku Lanne; Savi Virolainen |
| Abstract: | We introduce a new smooth transition vector autoregressive model with a Gaussian conditional distribution and transition weights that, for a $p$th order model, depend on the full distribution of the preceding $p$ observations. Specifically, the transition weight of each regime increases in its relative weighted likelihood. This data-driven approach facilitates capturing complex switching dynamics, enhancing the identification of gradual regime shifts. In an empirical application to the macroeconomic effects of a severe weather shock, we find that in monthly U.S. data from 1961:1 to 2022:3, the impacts of the shock are stronger in the regime prevailing in the early part of the sample and in certain crisis periods than in the regime dominating the latter part of the sample. This suggests overall adaptation of the U.S. economy to increased severe weather over time. |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2403.14216&r=env |
| By: | - |
| Abstract: | La XXXII Asamblea General de MINURVI, Foro de Ministros y Autoridades Máximas de Vivienda y Urbanismo de América Latina y el Caribe, inunda a sus participantes con un profundo sentido de responsabilidad y anticipación. El Foro no se remonta a unos pocos años, sino a décadas de esfuerzo, visión y determinación. Por ello, ONU-Hábitat agradece a esta Asamblea por el enorme apoyo que brinda a nivel mundial y regional. MINURVI, nacida de las aspiraciones compartidas de América Latina y el Caribe, ha sido la portadora de la antorcha del desarrollo urbano sostenible desde su creación en 1992. Este consorcio que representa 33 países es un testimonio del poder de unidad y colaboración. Juntos los países han superado desafíos, celebrado hitos y han establecido puntos de referencia para el mundo. El liderazgo del Comité Ejecutivo de MINURVI, caracterizado por la previsión y la inclusión, ha sido fundamental para guiar a esta institución a través de fases transformadoras. Además, los incansables esfuerzos de todos los países miembros han sido la base y cimientos de los logros de MINURVI. Esta región, un mosaico de culturas, tradiciones e historias, se encuentra en un momento crucial. Los desafíos urbanos que enfrenta son multifacéticos, desde garantizar viviendas e infraestructuras asequibles, hasta abordar las preocupaciones apremiantes del cambio climático. Al trazar el próximo rumbo hacia el futuro, es imperativo que los países aprovechen la sabiduría colectiva de experiencias, innovaciones y aprendizajes pasados, sabiendo que América Latina y el Caribe ha contribuido ampliamente a la base de datos global de mejores prácticas para la implementación de la Nueva Agenda Urbana. |
| Date: | 2024–03–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col043:69085&r=env |
| By: | Raveh, Ohad; Perez-Sebastian, Fidel; van der Ploeg, Frederick |
| Abstract: | Are technology improvements contractionary? We re-examine this central question, accounting for the presence of natural resources. A two-sector model of economic growth indicates that capital-augmenting technological improvements can be contemporaneously contractionary in resource-rich economies, and expansionary elsewhere, due to differences in the size of the elasticity of substitution between labor and capital. In addition, such improvements yield relatively steeper expansionary patterns in resource-rich economies in the longer run. We test our analytical predictions using a panel of U.S. states and counties. Our identification strategy rests on geographically-entrenched differences in resource endowments, and the adoption of plausibly exogenous technology shocks at the national level. Our core estimates corroborate our predictions. First, we document persistent differences in the elasticity of substitution between labor and capital across the natural resources dimension. Second, we find that an increase in TFP is on impact contractionary in resource-rich states, yet is non-contractionary (at worst) in resource-poor ones. Third, we illustrate that in the longer term a positive technology shock expands output and inputs in resource-rich economies relatively more strongly. Our results shed light on hitherto overlooked potential adverse effects of natural resource abundance. |
| Keywords: | Natural resource abundance, technology shocks, input elasticities |
| JEL: | O33 Q32 |
| Date: | 2024–02–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:120355&r=env |
| By: | de Brauw, Alan; Ceballos, Francisco; Le, Ly; Soneja, Payal |
| Abstract: | During the first half of 2023, researchers associated with Work Package 2 (WP2) of the CGIAR Research Initiative on Sustainable Healthy Diets through Food Systems Transformation (SHiFT) conducted three linked surveys to learn more about micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) that currently supply foods within urban, peri-urban, and rural locations in Viet Nam and contribute to developing ways to foster their supply of sustainable nutritious foods. 1 Therefore, the surveys had three linked goals—to better characterize the business environment in which MSMEs operate; to understand any constraints they face in selling more sustainable nutritious foods; and to help inform interventions with scaling potential that could increase the availability of sustainable nutritious foods for consumers. The first survey was a listing exercise (or a short audit, as it is called by Work Package 1 of SHiFT). This listing exercise was almost exclusively an observational exercise, taking place within selected areas of the urban, peri-urban, and rural sites. The idea was to understand the proportion of different types of businesses available, what was sold at those businesses, and to understand if people could sit down at the establishment or not (particularly for restaurants). The second survey was a longer survey targeting outlets from the listing exercise that had a higher chance of being MSMEs and could potentially modify their food offerings. This MSME survey inquired about labor use, sources of foods or ingredients for foods sold, asset holdings of the business, access to and use of financial instruments, degree of formality, and perceptions of and desire to sell more sustainable nutritious foods. The MSME survey, in turn, was used to seed a third survey, targeted at suppliers, with the objective of identifying any potential constraints at the supplier level for expanding the offering of sustainable nutritious foods. Outlets participating in the MSME survey were asked to share the contact information of some of their suppliers, and a subset of these were reached by phone and administered a reduced version of the MSME questionnaire, inquiring about their businesses and perceptions. A secondary goal of the survey was to understand to what extent employment of women and youth relates to MSME activity. In particular, when devising interventions to help MSMEs offer more sustainable nutritious foods, we want to ensure that those interventions have either a positive or neutral effect on employment among women and youth; in other words, we want to ensure that they do not have a negative effect on employment among these populations. |
| Keywords: | foods; surveys; employment; enterprises; sustainability; nutrition; small and medium enterprises; Vietnam; South-eastern Asia; Asia |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:cgiarp:140164&r=env |
| By: | Weltersbach, Marc Simon; Lewin, Wolf-Christian; Haase, Kevin; Eckardt, Josefa; Strehlow, Harry Vincent |
| Abstract: | Following the advice of the 2014 evaluation of the Thünen Institute by the German Science and Humanities Council, the Thünen Institute has started to encourage its working groups to be evaluated by external experts as part of its quality management. The Marine Recreational Fisheries Working Group of the Thünen Institute of Baltic Sea Fisheries was selected to undergo this evaluation process. Two external scientific experts on recreational fisheries, Dr. Kieran Hyder (CEFAS, UK) and Prof. Dr. Warren Potts (Rhodes University, SA) were requested to evaluate the working group based on the following terms of references: (i) Quality assessment and technical evaluation of the recreational fisheries survey and monitoring programme run by the working group; (ii) Evaluation of the scientific excellence in terms of methods used, technical expertise of the staff and scientific and popular science outputs; (iii) Evaluation of research priorities with focus on their effectiveness and usefulness for the advisory competence of the Thünen institute; (iv) Evaluation of national and international research collaborations and participation in national and international scientific committees and advisory boards. The evaluation was conducted as a face-to-face workshop at the Thünen Institute of Baltic Sea Fisheries in Rostock, Germany in November 2022. This report served to familiarize the evaluators with the Thünen Institute and the work of the Marine Recreational Fisheries Working Group in the past 20 years. It contains detailed information on the genesis and development of the working group, the research and monitoring activities, the technical expertise of the group members, the scientific and popular science results, the advisory competencies and the national and international networking of the group. The evaluation was concluded with a summary statement by the two evaluators (see Appendix 2), which includes an assessment of the current work and recommendations for future areas of development. |
| Abstract: | Auf Grundlage einer Empfehlung des Deutschen Wissenschaftsrats nach der Evaluierung des Thünen-Instituts im Jahr 2014 hat das Thünen-Institut damit begonnen, seine Arbeitsgruppen im Rahmen des Qualitätsmanagements durch externe Fachleute evaluieren zu lassen. Die Arbeitsgruppe (AG) "Marine Freizeitfischerei" des Thünen-Instituts für Ostseefischerei wurde ausgewählt, um sich diesem Evaluierungsprozess zu unterziehen. Zwei externe wissenschaftliche Fachleute für Freizeitfischereiforschung, Dr. Kieran Hyder (CEFAS, UK) und Prof. Dr. Warren Potts (Rhodes University, SA), wurden gebeten, die Arbeitsgruppe auf der Grundlage der folgenden Vorgaben zu evaluieren: (i) Qualitätsbewertung und fachliche Evaluierung des von der Arbeitsgruppe durchgeführten Survey- und Monitoringprogramms für die marine Freizeitfischerei in Deutschland; (ii) Bewertung der wissenschaftlichen Exzellenz in Bezug auf die angewandten Methoden, die fachliche Kompetenz der Mitarbeitenden und die wissenschaftlichen und populärwissenschaftlichen Produkte; (iii) Evaluierung von Forschungsschwerpunkten mit Fokus auf deren Effektivität und Nützlichkeit hinsichtlich der Beratungskompetenz des Thünen-Instituts; (iv) Bewertung der nationalen und internationalen Forschungskooperationen und der Mitarbeit in nationalen und internationalen wissenschaftlichen Gremien und Beiräten. Die Evaluation wurde in Form eines Workshops am Thünen-Institut für Ostseefischerei in Rostock im November 2022 durchgeführt. Dieser Bericht diente dazu, die Gutachter mit dem Thünen-Institut und der Arbeit der AG "Marine Freizeitfischerei" in den vergangenen 20 Jahren vertraut zu machen. Er enthält detaillierte Informationen über die Entstehung und Entwicklung der AG, die Forschungs- und Monitoringaktivitäten, die fachliche Expertise der Gruppenmitglieder, die wissenschaftlichen und populärwissenschaftlichen Ergebnisse, die Beratungskompetenzen sowie die nationale und internationale Vernetzung der Gruppe. Die Evaluation wurde mit einer zusammenfassenden Beurteilung der beiden Gutachter abgeschlossen (siehe Appendix 2), die eine Bewertung der aktuellen Arbeiten und Empfehlungen für künftige Entwicklungsbereiche enthält. |
| Keywords: | angling, cod, evaluation, marine recreational fisheries working group, recreational fishing, research, survey methods, Thünen Institute of Baltic Sea Fisheries, Angeln, Dorsch, Evaluation, Forschung, Marine Freizeitfischerei, Survey-Methoden, Thünen-Institut für Ostseefischerei |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:jhtiwp:289439&r=env |
| By: | Asante, Felix A.; Asante, Seth |
| Abstract: | This report is produced from the proceedings of the Inception workshop on “Strengthening National Capacities and Policies for Food Systems analysis and Transformation in Ghana†project held on Wednesday, 2nd August 2023 at Alisa Hotel, Accra. The workshop aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the project and outlined its objectives, and timeline, alongside a review of the current landscape of the Ghana’s Food Systems Transformation. It brought together various stakeholders and institutions in the Ghanaian food systems. The workshop facilitated valuable discussions among participants to gather insights and inputs for the project's advancement (see attached list of participants). Three distinct presentations – project overview, project deliverables and timelines, and food systems diagnostics and tools as well as trade-offs and opportunities – were made at the workshop. |
| Keywords: | food systems; capacity development; sustainable development; food security; nutrition; Ghana; Western Africa; Africa |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:cgiarp:140482&r=env |
| By: | Khan, Haider |
| Abstract: | The main purpose of this paper is to explore African Development Strategy as part of a non-neocolonial Global South. For this purpose, I propose a fairly comprehensive strategy for development as freedom for Africa. Accordingly, I try to find a way to integrate useful markets with the key characteristics of the Enabling Developmental State for the 21st Century in order to build a growing ecologically sustainable economy with equity in terms of capabilities. This is both for theoretical clarification and for aiding the strategies of popular democratic movements. A few tentative steps are taken here to serve this dual purpose. Proceeding from a critical capabilities perspective that is fully grounded in social reality of deepening structural and ecological crises of the World Capitalist System, we discover that such a perspective leads to the need to include among the characteristics of the Enabling Developmental State for the 21st Century its capacity to build an ecologically sustainable egalitarian development strategy from the beginning. The specific theoretical approach I follow has been developed during the last few decades by ecological scientists and social scientists. My own particular version can be called Evolutionary Ecological Global Political Economy or EEGPE for short.In addition, democracy must be deepened from the beginning. For Africa in particular, a new cooperative community of African nations following their own rhythm to reach their own dynamic trajectories towards development as freedom will be possible if they cooperate regionally on the basis of equal sovereignty and mutual respect. One precondition is to pragmatically unite for a common economic strategy. For this a decolonization of the African mind is also necessary. I conclude with some further thoughts on extending the model to an information theoretic based fractal model of development.A mathematical model of integrated financial and real sectors on abstract function space is presented in the appendix that can be extended for this purpose. |
| Keywords: | Non-neocolonial Global South, Enabling Developmental State for Africa, Egalitarianism in Afrian Development, Ecological Crisis in Africa, World Capitalist System, Counterhegemonic movements, Nonlinearities, Multiple equilibria, Entropy and Information Theory |
| JEL: | O2 O5 O55 |
| Date: | 2024–02–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:120309&r=env |
| By: | Francesco Cappelletti (ELF - European Liberal Forum); Gérard Pogorel (IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris, SES - Département Sciences Economiques et Sociales - Télécom ParisTech) |
| Abstract: | In addressing the EU's contemporary challenges, this analysis acknowledges a critical intersection between the imperatives of security, sustainability, and industrial autonomy. The EU undertakes substantial efforts in these domains. The rapidly shifting glob- al context, its considerable volatility, and emerging trends render any immediate as- sessment of recent policy initiatives prema- ture. However, this dynamic and uncertain landscape underscores the limitations of conventional forecasting and necessitates an ongoing reassessment of the EU's strate- gic priorities. Central to this discourse is the policy ‘trilemma' confronting the Union: the need to simultaneously uphold security, fos- ter sustainability, and maintain the focus on competitiveness. In this sense, industrial au- tonomy refers to the EU's strategic capacity to reinforce its industrial base and supply chains in key sectors, adapting swiftly to global eco- nomic and geopolitical shifts. This chapter explores these issues and proposes coherent changes in approach, all within the frame- work of an EU policy trilemma focusing on security, sustainability, and competitiveness. |
| Date: | 2024–03–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04505097&r=env |
| By: | Assche, Hanne Lamberts-Van; Lavrutich, Maria (Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management); Compernolle, Tine (Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management); Thomassen, Gwenny; Thijssen, Jacco J. J. (Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management); Kort, Peter M. (Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management) |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tiu:tiutis:d0025c98-b331-4b0f-813b-1abb74d482cd&r=env |
| By: | Qishuo Cheng |
| Abstract: | In recent decades, financial quantification has emerged and matured rapidly. For financial institutions such as funds, investment institutions are increasingly dissatisfied with the situation of passively constructing investment portfolios with average market returns, and are paying more and more attention to active quantitative strategy investment portfolios. This requires the introduction of active stock investment fund management models. Currently, in my country's stock fund investment market, there are many active quantitative investment strategies, and the algorithms used vary widely, such as SVM, random forest, RNN recurrent memory network, etc. This article focuses on this trend, using the emerging LSTM-GRU gate-controlled long short-term memory network model in the field of financial stock investment as a basis to build a set of active investment stock strategies, and combining it with SVM, which has been widely used in the field of quantitative stock investment. Comparing models such as RNN, theoretically speaking, compared to SVM that simply relies on kernel functions for high-order mapping and classification of data, neural network algorithms such as RNN and LSTM-GRU have better principles and are more suitable for processing financial stock data. Then, through multiple By comparison, it was finally found that the LSTM- GRU gate-controlled long short-term memory network has a better accuracy. By selecting the LSTM-GRU algorithm to construct a trading strategy based on the Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 Index constituent stocks, the parameters were adjusted and the neural layer connection was adjusted. Finally, It has significantly outperformed the benchmark index CSI 300 over the long term. The conclusion of this article is that the research results can provide certain quantitative strategy references for financial institutions to construct active stock investment portfolios. |
| Date: | 2024–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2404.01624&r=env |
| By: | Ida Fartsi (GRANEM - Groupe de Recherche Angevin en Economie et Management - UA - Université d'Angers - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Ivan Dufeu (GRANEM - Groupe de Recherche Angevin en Economie et Management - UA - Université d'Angers - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Gwenaëlle Briand Decré (LEMNA - Laboratoire d'économie et de management de Nantes Atlantique - Nantes Univ - IAE Nantes - Nantes Université - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises - Nantes - Nantes Université - pôle Sociétés - Nantes Univ - Nantes Université); Gildas Appéré (GRANEM - Groupe de Recherche Angevin en Economie et Management - UA - Université d'Angers - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); M. Travers; R. Vidal |
| Abstract: | The demand for processed organic products has increased over the last decade. This market dynamic raises questions, both researchers and consumers, who are sometimes sceptical about industrial processing methods. In this paper, we investigate the role of more or less innovative, and more or less publicly known, processes on consumer perceptions and attitudes towards organic products. To this end, we are conducting an experiment (still in progress) to understand how the use of advanced technologies used in the food industry impacts the perceptions and attitudes of a set of French consumers. A pilot study carried out in August 2022 provides us with initial insights and reveals a marked preference for what we consider to be more traditional processes when it comes to organic products. These results allow us to add to the knowledge on this subject, which is still under-researched in the agri-food sector, and to provide recommendations to organic processing professionals. |
| Abstract: | La demande de produits biologiques transformés a augmenté au cours de la dernière décennie. Cette dynamique de marché soulève des questions, tant pour les chercheurs que pour les consommateurs, parfois critiques quant aux méthodes de transformation industrielles. Dans cet article, nous étudions l'influence des procédés de transformation alimentaire (plus ou moins innovants et plus ou moins connus du grand public) sur les perceptions et les intentions d'achat des consommateurs, dans le cas de produits biologiques. Pour ce faire, nous réalisons une expérimentation (en cours) menée auprès d'un ensemble de consommateurs français. Une étude pilote réalisée en août 2022 nous offre des premiers éclairages, et révèle une préférence marquée envers des procédés que nous jugeons plus traditionnels lorsqu'il s'agit de produits bio. Ces résultats nous permettent d'alimenter les connaissances sur ce sujet, encore trop peu étudié dans le domaine agro-alimentaire, et d'apporter des recommandations aux professionnels de la transformation biologique. |
| Keywords: | industrial processing, perceived value, naturalness, experimentation, procédés de transformation industriels, valeur perçue, naturalité, expérimentation |
| Date: | 2023–02–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03973719&r=env |