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on Environmental Economics |
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Issue of 2023‒03‒06
fifty-six papers chosen by Francisco S. Ramos Universidade Federal de Pernambuco |
| By: | Dahis, Ricardo; de las Heras, Ivan; Saavedra, Santiago |
| Abstract: | A fundamental difficulty in policy-making is that policies often have costs today but benefits far into the future. This difficulty is particularly salient to climate change and environmental conservation policy. A critical dimension in this trade-off is the age of politicians, which impacts their life expectancy, career concerns, and what education they received. We study this trade-off in the case of Brazilian mayors and environmental outcomes, using a regression discontinuity design for close elections. We find that when a young politician is elected, there is a reduction in deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions, without significant effects on municipal gross domestic product. Young politicians allocate more spending to education and reducing liabilities, suggesting that the time horizon is important. Our study of mechanisms suggests young mayors matter because they belong to a new cohort, not because of age per se. |
| Keywords: | Deforestation; Politicans' Age |
| JEL: | P18 Q23 Q54 |
| Date: | 2023–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rie:riecdt:102&r=env |
| By: | Strokov Anton S (The Russian Presidential Academy Of National Economy And Public Administration); Potashnikov Vladimir Yu (The Russian Presidential Academy Of National Economy And Public Administration) |
| Abstract: | The relevance of the study is determined by the need to analyze the consequences of the concentration of livestock farms, not only from an economic point of view, but also from an environmental one. The objective of the research is to develop ways for sustainable development of animal husbandry in Russia, taking into account the possibilities of continuous growth in production and export of meat and milk, balanced by current environmental problems (growth of farm waste) and the possibilities of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The subject of the research is the environmental indicators characterizing the externalities arising from the production of livestock products (meat, milk, eggs). The work uses traditional scientific methods - descriptive, analytical, statistical and methods of economic and mathematical modeling. The sources of information were Russian and foreign scientific publications, official publications of regulatory documents and statistical data of state authorities of Russia, as well as foreign databases on agricultural statistics. The reported results conclude that the concentration of livestock production facilities leads to different environmental consequences. Among the leading regions specializing in livestock products, the highest concentration is in the Central Black Earth Region: the Belgorod and Kursk regions account for almost 30% of all agricultural waste in Russia. The greenhouse gas emissions were estimated using the GLOBIOM partial equilibrium model. The calculation results showed that Belgorod region has one of the lowest carbon footprint indicators in livestock production: 8 tons of СО2 equiv. per one ton of protein, which is associated with the low-carbon development of poultry farming. In other regions, which specialize in dairy and beef cattle breeding, the carbon footprint is at least twice as high, for example, in the Krasnodarsky krai; however, the indicators of waste output per unit of production, on the contrary, are lower there. Thus, the scientific novelty of the research lies in the development of scientific and analytical tools for the correct identification of local, regional and global environmental risks when assessing the efficiency of meat, milk and eggs production. So, in our study, local risks were assessed through the concentration of manure (nitrogen) elements per unit of agricultural land and cultivated area at the level of municipalities. Regional risks were assessed through the indicator of waste from agricultural products. And global risks were assessed through an indicator of greenhouse gas emissions, which also allowed us to estimate the so-called cumulative carbon footprint of each region per unit of animal protein produced. Based on the results of the study, recommendations were developed to improve statistical reporting on production waste in the agricultural sector; to differentially collect and publish data on various types of feeding of farm animals in different categories of farms, which will subsequently help to better calculate animal diets and their potential waste and greenhouse gas emissions, in order to identify the most "wasteful” and “sustainable” animal husbandry practices. |
| Keywords: | externalities, livestock production, production concentration, greenhouse gas emissions, carbon footprint, agricultural policy, environmental policy |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:w2022035&r=env |
| By: | Mr. Serhan Cevik |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the connection between climate change and energy security in Europe and provides empirical evidence that these issues are the two faces of the same coin. Using a panel of 39 countries in Europe over the period 1980–2019, the empirical analysis presented in this paper indicates that increasing the share of nuclear, renewables, and other non-hydrocarbon energy and improving energy efficiency could lead to a significant reduction in carbon emissions and improve energy security throughout Europe. Accordingly, policies and reforms aimed at shifting away from hydrocarbons and increasing energy efficiency in distribution and consumption are key to mitigating climate change, reducing energy dependence, and minimizing exposure to energy price volatility. |
| Keywords: | Climate change; energy security; carbon emissions; energy efficiency; Europe; transition economies; mitigating climate change; energy dependence; climate change adaptation; financing climate change mitigation; Greenhouse gas emissions; Energy conservation; Carbon tax; Global; Baltics |
| Date: | 2022–09–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2022/174&r=env |
| By: | Han, YouAI |
| Abstract: | The Economic and Environmental Benefits of Insects as a Sustainable Food Source. |
| Date: | 2023–01–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:xmvqr&r=env |
| By: | Ferrari, Alessandro; Landi, Valerio Nispi |
| Abstract: | We use a DSGE model to study the effectiveness of green-asset purchases by the central bank (Green QE), along the transition to a carbon-free economy driven by an emission tax, abstracting from price stability considerations. We find that Green QE helps to further reduce emissions, especially in the early stage of the transition. We find that a crucial parameter to determine the effectiveness of Green QE is the elasticity of substitution between the brown and the green good: the higher the elasticity the stronger the impact of the policy on emissions. JEL Classification: E52, E58, Q54 |
| Keywords: | central bank, climate change, monetary policy, quantitative easing |
| Date: | 2023–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecb:ecbwps:20232779&r=env |
| By: | Michael D. Bauer; Daniel Huber; Glenn D. Rudebusch; Ole Wilms |
| Abstract: | The relative equity pricing of more climate-friendly (“green”) versus less climate-friendly (“brown”) companies is an open question in climate finance. Previous research comes to conflicting conclusions, documenting either a “carbon premium” with brown stocks yielding higher returns, or the opposite, with green stocks outperforming brown. This paper provides new international evidence on this issue for a range of methodologies. Using carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions as reported by companies to measure their greenness, we document that green stocks across the G7 have generally provided higher returns than brown stocks for much of the past decade. We also try to reconcile our findings with previous work, and we provide some results for early 2022 that show that brown stocks outperformed green ones during the energy crisis. |
| Keywords: | climate risk, transition risk, carbon emissions, green stocks, brown stocks |
| JEL: | G11 G12 Q54 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_10246&r=env |
| By: | Louise Ella Desquith |
| Abstract: | This paper examines how climate beliefs influence the climate change adaptation decisions of Ivorian farmers. Two regions (Bouaké and Bonoua) were selected for data collection and 658 households were surveyed according to the level of exposure to climate shocks and the type of farming practiced. Using a multivariate probit model, we analyze the impact of climate beliefs on decisions to implement an adaptation strategy. Our results indicate that the impact of beliefs on adaptation decisions differs according to the region considered. In Bouaké, religious and traditional beliefs, and subjective predictions about temperature and rainfall trends are the determining factors in farmers' adaptation decisions. In the Bonoua locality, however, concerns about climate change and confidence in scientific studies on the worsening of CC determine farmers' adaptation decisions. Based on our results, we develop policy guidelines. |
| Keywords: | Climate change, beliefs, climate adaptation, behavior, multivariate Probit, farm households |
| JEL: | Q54 C13 D81 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:drm:wpaper:2023-5&r=env |
| By: | Anders Dugstad; Kristine M. Grimsrud (Statistics Norway); Henrik Lindhjem |
| Abstract: | Effective carbon taxation is essential to achieving the green transition. However, there is typically stiff opposition to carbon taxation due to perceived or actual adverse equity and other impacts. Hence, a better understanding of which factors, including the use of tax revenue, can increase acceptability is essential. To date, stated preference methods have rarely been used to analyse this issue and, when used, have focused only on households’ acceptance. We conduct two identical national choice experiment surveys of Norwegian households and companies, respectively, including carbon tax levels and associated emission reductions and different revenue recycling options as attributes. We find that acceptance for higher tax levels increases among both groups if revenue finances climate mitigation measures. There is some heterogeneity among the groups with regard to using revenue to reduce different dimensions of inequality. Simulating policy options, we find acceptance for the highest carbon tax among both groups when revenue is used both to finance climate mitigation measures and to reduce rural-urban inequalities. This policy option points to an acceptable carbon tax close to an estimated level necessary for reaching the most ambitious climate target set by the Norwegian government. An effective carbon tax level can potentially be achieved in Norway with modest efficiency costs to alleviate inequality. |
| Keywords: | Climate change; Carbon tax; Policy acceptance; Willingness to pay; Earmarking; Tax revenue |
| JEL: | H23 Q48 Q58 R48 |
| Date: | 2023–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ssb:dispap:995&r=env |
| By: | Ambec, Stefan; Esposito, Federico; Pacelli, Antonia |
| Abstract: | Carbon leakage occurs when carbon-priced low-emission domestic products are replaced with high-emissions foreign products. In a trade model with endogenous emissions abatement, we investigate the impact of three policies aimed at mitigating carbon leakage: free emission allowances, Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and export rebates. Providing allowances for free does not alter the incentives to abate carbon emissions, but fosters the entry of more carbon intensive producers. It levels the “playing field” both domestically and internationally, and may even reverse the carbon leakage. In contrast, the CBAM levels the playing field only domestically, which may lead to an autarky equilibrium. To reverse the carbon leakage, the CBAM should be complemented with other policies, such as export rebates. The optimality of these policies depends on the geographical scope of carbon emissions. With trade-adjusted emissions, the CBAM is always welfare enhancing, while free allowances alone are not. We then formally characterize the optimal combination of the three policies. Lastly, we calibrate the model to simulate the effects of the CBAM recently proposed by the European Union. The policy, when accompanied with either free allowances or export rebates, reverses the carbon leakage in the cement and steel sectors, and increases welfare in almost all sectors. |
| Keywords: | Carbon pricing; trade; carbon leakage; CBAM, free allowances; export rebates |
| JEL: | F13 F18 H23 Q52 Q54 Q58 |
| Date: | 2023–02–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tse:wpaper:127834&r=env |
| By: | Delbridge, Victoria; Harman, Oliver; Oliveira Cunha, Juliana; Venables, Anthony J. |
| Abstract: | KEY MESSAGES: 1. Urbanisation and the creation of modern employment opportunities must be undertaken with greater climate considerations. 2. Cities can deliver on sustainable growth objectives by leveraging existing comparative advantages and building new ones. 3. Developing countries have natural endowments that can contribute to the net zero transition, opening up opportunities for urban industries and services. 4. Building the green cities of tomorrow can provide opportunities to absorb the large pool of low-skilled labour. |
| JEL: | O14 R14 J01 |
| Date: | 2022–11–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:118027&r=env |
| By: | Pisor, Anne (Washington State University); Touma, Danielle; Singh, Deepti; Jones, James Holland (Stanford University) |
| Abstract: | Climate change adaptation involves the management of the climate-related risks, and the IPCC says we must prioritize adaptation immediately. However, researchers and policymakers have little systematic understanding of which adaptations actually reduce risks, including under different climate conditions. Drawing on data from human communities past and present, we review how features of climate variability—temporal autocorrelation, frequency, and severity—may predict which candidate climate change adaptations communities innovate or adopt. Using a case study of climate and remittances in Africa, we outline how researchers can characterize climate data by their autocorrelation, frequency, and severity, and then qualitatively compare these data to candidate adaptations. We include suggestions for how to involve communities in these explorations, from setting climate thresholds to identifying impactful hazards. By better understanding the relationship between climate variability and common solutions used by communities, researchers and policymakers can better support communities as they adapt to contemporary climate change. |
| Date: | 2023–02–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:r382h&r=env |
| By: | Riccardo Colantuono (Department of Sciences, Technology and Society, Scuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS Pavia, Pavia, Italy); Riccardo Colantuono (Department of Engineering, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy); Massimiliano Mazzanti (Department of Economics and Management, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy); Michele Pinelli (Department of Engineering, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy) |
| Abstract: | Aviation is generally recognized as one of the most carbon intensive forms of transport. The sector accounts for roughly 2.5% of global CO2 emissions (which would place it as a top-10 emitter if ranked as a country), but this absolute value is of less concern than its accelerated and continuous growth in the last decades. In order to tackle aviation’s environmental impact, in 2012 the sector has been (partially) included in the European Union Emission Trading System (EU ETS), a market-based mitigation mechanism designed to put a price on carbon emissions and create an economic incentive towards their reduction. In the recently announced Fit for 55 legislative package, proposed by the European Commission in order to reach its medium-term environmental objective (a 55% reduction of greenhouse gases emissions by 2030 compared to 1990 levels), a revision of the system is envisaged, reinforcing the rules concerning aviation and making emission mitigation through the system more and more costly in the upcoming years. In light of this, the need for a predictive model to forecast the carbon price is of main importance. Several studies in the literature faced the problem of finding a reliable predictive model for the carbon price, but no one seems to completely satisfy the scientific community, mainly for the complexity of the algorithms and their poor predictive reliability. In this work, after an introductory section exploring the history and the characteristics of aviation’s inclusion in the EU ETS, a literature review of the studies investigating the topic has been carried out. Then, a simple data-driven methodology has been developed by using the dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) algorithm. For this purpose, a freely available set of data containing the daily carbon price since 2015 has been used. The main advantage of this approach is its simplicity and its ability to catch the non-linear dynamics of the phenomena. The presented strategy could inform policy makers at European level and help the industrial and financial sectors in the prediction of the carbon price by using a simple methodology. |
| Keywords: | Emission trading scheme |
| Date: | 2023–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:srt:wpaper:0123&r=env |
| By: | Mishra, Bijesh |
| Abstract: | The south-central ecotone of the USA, characterized by a mix of forest, savanna, and grasslands, previously maintained by fire, is changing towards closed-canopy forest due to exclusion of fire. The management is complicated by the encroachment of species such as eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana) and changing climate such as drought and more sporadic rainfall. Active management using prescribed fire and thinning can restore the ecosystem services, generate revenue, and motivate landowners to manage their land, but the cost is a major barrier. However, economic benefit from actively managed ecosystem under changing climate is not well known in this region. I estimated benefits of various ecosystems maintained using prescribed fire and thinning under changing climate scenarios. I further studied the willingness to pay (WTP), and intentions of landowners to actively manage their land for deer habitat management. I found that sawlog generally increased with the increase in rainfall, but pulpwood growth varied by management regime. The change in net future value (NFV) from timber was relatively stable in non-burned stands compared to frequently burned stands with increasing rainfall. The change in timber volume was greater in harvested and thinned stands. Stands burned in two- and three-year intervals the supported the greatest number of cattle and deer. The willingness to pay for deer hunting was higher in hunting sites with opportunities to observe more deer per visit. The WTP to observe 10 and 6 deers per visit instead of 1 deer per visit are about $11 and $9, respectively. The WTP for deer hunting was higher for deer habitats with food plots and deer sanctuaries. Forest canopy cover had non-significant impact on WTP for deer hunting, providing flexibility for landowners to change canopy and manage land for multiple objectives such as hunting, wildlife management, cattle grazing, and timber production. Landowners had positive intentions, social pressure, but the negative attitude toward actively managing their land. Financial burden, potential reasons for negative attitude, can be offset by revenue generated by managing land for multiple objectives. |
| Keywords: | Benefit cost analysis; Best worst choice; Ecosystem valuation; Theory of planned behavior; Theory of reasoned action; Wildlife management |
| JEL: | Q15 Q23 Q26 Q30 Q51 Q54 Q57 |
| Date: | 2022–07–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:116200&r=env |
| By: | - |
| Abstract: | In Caribbean small island developing States (SIDS), electrical power outages are frequent in the aftermath of major weather events. While local service disruptions often last a few days after these events, nationwide power grid failures lasting several weeks, or months have resulted in enormous social and economic impacts. In 2017, Hurricane Maria left 90 per cent of the population of Dominica without access to electricity for over four months (Commonwealth of Dominica, 2020) and caused a systemwide collapse of Puerto Rico's power grid that took 11 months to be entirely restored (Campbell, 2018) (see map 1). In 2022, Puerto Rico was again left in the dark for several weeks after Hurricane Fiona's landfall (Lakhani, 2022). These events highlight the vulnerabilities of the subregion's power sector and demonstrate the lasting, compounding, and increasingly frequent impacts of extreme climate disasters in Caribbean SIDS. |
| Keywords: | PREPARACION PARA CASOS DE DESASTRES, FUENTES DE ENERGIA RENOVABLES, CAMBIO CLIMATICO, ENERGIA ELECTRICA, DESASTRES NATURALES, PLANIFICACION DEL DESARROLLO, RECURSOS ENERGETICOS, PLANIFICACION DE LA ENERGIA, INDUSTRIA ENERGETICA, POLITICA ENERGETICA, ELABORACION DE POLITICAS, INNOVACIONES, TECNOLOGIA DE LA ENERGIA, RECOMENDACIONES, ESTADOS PEQUEÑOS, PEQUEÑOS ESTADOS INSULARES EN DESARROLLO, DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE, DISASTER PREPAREDNESS, RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES, CLIMATE CHANGE, ELECTRIC POWER, NATURAL DISASTERS, DEVELOPMENT PLANNING, ENERGY RESOURCES, ENERGY PLANNING, POWER INDUSTRY, ENERGY POLICY, POLICY MAKING, INNOVATIONS, ENERGY TECHNOLOGY, RECOMMENDATIONS, SMALL STATES, SMALL ISLAND DEVELOPING STATES, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT |
| Date: | 2022–12–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col095:48603&r=env |
| By: | Lesly Cassin (ENSAIA – Université de Lorraine – Bureau d'Economie Théorique Appliqué); Aurélie Méjean (Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement); Stéphane Zuber (Université Paris 1 – CNRS – Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne/Paris School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | In the context of climate change, migration can be considered as an adaptation strategy to reduce populations' exposure to climate damages. Those damages are very heterogeneous across regions. In this paper, we study migration induced by climate change damages. To do so, we estimate the socio-economic determinants of migration, focusing on economic damages. We then model endogenous migration in an integrated assessment model based on those estimates. We highlight the importance of the heterogeneity of the damages distribution to explain migration fows due to climate change. We find that high levels of climate damages globally do not necessarily induce large climate migration. Rather, large differences in exposure between regions may lead to substantial migration. |
| Keywords: | Climate Change, Damage, Migration, Integrated Assessment Model, |
| JEL: | Q51 Q54 J11 F22 |
| Date: | 2023–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fae:wpaper:2023.02&r=env |
| By: | Kheira Belhamri (Université Yahia Fares de Médéa) |
| Abstract: | Our aim is to identify the level of adoption of green practices at the university, and the problem was: what is the effect of green practices on reducing costs at the University of Medea? This is by testing the hypothesis that green practices will reduce costs. For this propose a questionnaire was developed to collect data from 75 persons from professors and administrators who were selected using the appropriate sampling method. The results showed that it is possible to adopt green practices in universities. |
| Keywords: | green management green behavior environment accounting (green) costs. JEL Classification Codes: Q5, Q55, green management, green behavior, environment accounting (green), costs. JEL Classification Codes: Q5 |
| Date: | 2022–12–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03905044&r=env |
| By: | Immel, Moritz; Hachenberg, Britta; Kiesel, Florian; Schiereck, Dirk |
| Date: | 2022–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dar:wpaper:136489&r=env |
| By: | Zivin, Joshua Graff; Singer, Gregor |
| Abstract: | We examine how exogenous changes in exposure to air pollution over the past two decades have altered the disparities in home values between Black and White homeowners. We find that air quality capitalization rates are significantly lower for Black homeowners. In fact, they are so much lower that, despite secular reductions in the Black-White pollution exposure gap, disparities in housing values have increased during this period. An exploration of mechanisms suggests that roughly one-quarter of this difference is the result of direct discrimination while the remaining three-quarters can be attributed to systemic discrimination through differential access to complementary amenities. |
| Keywords: | house prices; environmental justice; air pollution; race |
| JEL: | Q53 R31 J15 |
| Date: | 2023–01–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:118093&r=env |
| By: | Ugolini, Andrea; Reboredo, Juan Carlos; Ojea-Ferreiro, Javier |
| Abstract: | We study whether climate transition risk is reflected in the credit default swap (CDS) spreads of firms. Using information on the vulnerability of a firm’s value to the transition to a low carbon economy, we construct a climate transition risk (CTR) factor, and document how this factor shifts the term structure of the CDS spreads of more vulnerable firms but not of less vulnerable firms. Considering the impact of different climate transition policies on the CTR factor, we find that they have asymmetric and significant economic impacts on the credit risk of more vulnerable firms, and negligible effects on the remaining firms. |
| Keywords: | Financial Economics, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy, Risk and Uncertainty |
| Date: | 2023–02–22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:feemwp:330720&r=env |
| By: | DAGINNUS Klaus; MARTY Thibaut; TROTTA Nicoletta Valeria; Nicoletta.TROTTA@ec.europa.eu (European Commission - JRC); BRINKMANN Thomas (European Commission - JRC); WHITFIELD Aidan; ROUDIER Serge (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document (BREF) for the Common Waste Gas Management and Treatment Systems in the Chemical Sector (WGC) is part of a series of documents presenting the results of an exchange of information between EU Member States, the industries concerned, non-governmental organisations promoting environmental protection, and the Commission, to draw up, review and – where necessary – update BAT reference documents as required by Article 13(1) of Directive 2010/75/EU on Industrial Emissions (the Directive). This document is published by the European Commission pursuant to Article 13(6) of the Directive. The WGC BREF concerns the following activities specified in Annex I to Directive2010/75/EU: 4. Chemicals industry (i.e. all production processes included in the categories of activities listed in points 4.1 to 4.6 of Annex I, unless specified otherwise). The BREF focuses on emissions to air from the aforementioned sector. |
| Keywords: | Industrial Emissions Directive (IED), Best Available Techniques (BAT), Best Available Techniques Reference Documents (BREFs), Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC), environmental protection, Sevilla process, Chemicals industry, emissions to air, diffuse emissions, Common Waste Gas Management and Treatment Systems in the Chemical Sector, WGC BREF |
| Date: | 2023–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc131915&r=env |
| By: | Yassien Bachtal; Kyra Voll; Andreas Pfnür |
| Abstract: | The housing industry in Germany is experiencing a profound and multidimensional transformation process, caused by changes in technology, economy, and society. These changes are based on megatrends that have their origin in the global environment. The housing situation is also subject to this transformation process, with the result that housing and location preferences as well as qualitative and quantitative housing needs are changing. In addition to digitalization and socio-demographic changes, growing environmental awareness is a widely discussed megatrend in the relevant literature. Homebuyers are subject to a number of environmental requirements, such as increasing energy efficiency or using renewable energies. However, little is known about the psychological antecedents and the impact of general environmental awareness regarding the purchase intention of sustainable housing.By using the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the aim of this study is to identify the effects of attitudes towards the behavior, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control on the purchase intention of sustainable housing in Germany. Furthermore, the TPB is extended by incorporating environmental awareness as a moderator variable.Based on literature research, a survey is conducted among 1, 000 homebuyers in Germany. With the help of a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), constructs derived from the relevant literature are first tested for reliability and validity. This is followed by a hierarchical regression analysis which proceeds in three steps. Initially, only the baseline model including control variables is integrated into the regression analysis. Thereafter, the baseline model is extended by constructs of the theory of planned behavior. Lastly, the moderator effect of environmental awareness is integrated to predict the purchase intention of sustainable housing.The results emphasize the importance of environmental awareness in the decision process of purchasing houses. Furthermore, the study provides important implications on which psychological factors affect the intention to purchase sustainable housing in Germany. These results can be used to better predict actual sustainable housing purchase behavior and to better evaluate different environmental factors that determine housing prices. |
| Keywords: | Environmental awareness; megatrends; Sustainable Housing; theory of planned behavior |
| JEL: | R3 |
| Date: | 2022–01–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arz:wpaper:2022_28&r=env |
| By: | - |
| Abstract: | In a regional and international context of weak growth, high inflation and growing inequality, the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean must focus policies on reactivating, rebuilding and transforming economic and production systems to advance towards low-carbon and high-tech economies that address climate change and reduce their historical gaps, structural heterogeneity and dualism. This document considers the complex conditions that pose significant challenges to accelerating growth, tackling high inflation and the cost-of-living crisis, maintaining transfers to the most vulnerable households, mitigating the social costs of the crisis and boosting investment. Its chapters analyse the dynamics of globalization and the policy challenges in changing the production structure and moving towards sustainable development. In addition, they consider strategies for reducing inequality and creating universal protection systems and decent jobs in a challenging world. Nine strategic sectors expected to drive a big push for sustainability are examined through the prism of green growth. The document concludes with policy recommendations for advancing towards a renewed model for inclusive and sustainable growth. |
| Keywords: | DESARROLLO ECONOMICO, MODELOS DE DESARROLLO, GLOBALIZACION, MEDIO AMBIENTE, CAMBIO TECNOLOGICO, PRODUCTIVIDAD, DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE, EMPLEO, POLITICA SOCIAL, DESARROLLO INDUSTRIAL, POLITICA INDUSTRIAL, POLITICA ECONOMICA, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, DEVELOPMENT MODELS, GLOBALIZATION, ENVIRONMENT, TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE, PRODUCTIVITY, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, EMPLOYMENT, SOCIAL POLICY, INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, INDUSTRIAL POLICY, ECONOMIC POLICY |
| Date: | 2022–10–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:c39025:48305&r=env |
| By: | Silke Daals; Wabbe de Vries; Laumé Buitenwerf; Loraine Scholten |
| Abstract: | Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the indoor air quality of school buildings is a much-discussed topic. It is important to know whether indoor climate of buildings influences the physical and mental situations of users in these buildings, and with that, performance of users. The aim of this study is to establish a direct link between users’ health, well-being and performances, and indoor air quality in a case study that focuses on the ‘Marie Kamphuisborg, ’ a building owned and used by the Hanze University of Applied Sciences in the Netherlands. The study was conducted by using a mixed methods approach, consisting of a literature review, surveys among students and teachers, and interviews with facility management staff. It has tried to measure the degree of well-being of users related to the indoor air quality in this building. Results of the literature review showed that poor indoor climate leads to a negative influence on concentration of users due to discomfort and weakened physical and mental health of students, in the end leading to lower performances of users.The survey showed that students as well as lecturers experienced a lower performance in situations of a poor indoor climate in classrooms. Both indicated that they develop physical complaints during a lecture in a classroom with poor indoor air quality. Lecturers tended to give a lower and insufficient grade to the indoor climate of the Marie Kamphuisborg compared students, who rated the building sufficient. Expert interviews showed that complaints about indoor climate only have to do with classrooms without windows in the inner circle, the so called M-wing, of the building. Outcomes from the interviews show that complaints, both from teachers and students are related mainly to high temperatures, high Carbon dioxide and low oxygen levels. These complaints mainly occur in the warmer season. Complaints about noise levels and light intensity are very rare. In addition, the experts argued that other aspects can influence the well-being for users in buildings, such as green walls, wall decorations with recognizable sceneries, colors, friendly staff at front offices and a proper canteen. We can conclude that both teachers and students assess classrooms in the M-wing as negative for their well-being and, with that, for their performances. This is in line with the findings of facility staff members of the Marie Kamphuisborg and confirmed by prior research. |
| Keywords: | Classrooms; Indoor climate quality; User performance; Ventilation |
| JEL: | R3 |
| Date: | 2022–01–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arz:wpaper:2022_35&r=env |
| By: | Szabolcs Nagy; Csilla Konyha Molnarne |
| Abstract: | The need for a more sustainable lifestyle is a key focus for several countries. Using a questionnaire survey conducted in Hungary, this paper examines how culture influences environmentally conscious behaviour. Having investigated the direct impact of Hofstedes cultural dimensions on pro-environmental behaviour, we found that the culture of a country hardly affects actual environmentally conscious behaviour. The findings indicate that only individualism and power distance have a significant but weak negative impact on pro-environmental behaviour. Based on the findings, we can state that a positive change in culture is a necessary but not sufficient condition for making a country greener. |
| Date: | 2022–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2301.04609&r=env |
| By: | Keiti Kondi (UNIVERSITE CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES)); Stefanija Veljanoska (CREM, Université de Rennes) |
| Abstract: | We study how the slow deterioration of soil, caused by climate change, affects internal migration and household resettlement. Rural households are expected to move when they face worsening soil conditions, as soil degradation is detrimental to agricultural productivity. The other possibility is that they can get stuck in a poverty trap. We use the Integrated Household Survey in Malawi for the years 2010-2016. Soil depletion is not a random process and to account for its endogeneity, we instrument soil degradation by using distant climate shocks and controlling for recent weather conditions. We find that severe soil nutrient constraints push households to send their members away. The underlying mechanism is that soil degradation is harmful to agricultural productivity, and therefore food security, which incentivizes households to seek better opportunities by pushing their members to migrate. |
| Keywords: | land degradation, migration, internal migration, resettlement, land quality, climate change, soil nutrition |
| JEL: | J1 |
| Date: | 2023–01–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ctl:louvir:2023004&r=env |
| By: | Maccarrone, Giovanni; Marini, Marco A.; Tarola, Ornella |
| Abstract: | In an economy where consumers are heterogeneous in their preferences over the hedonic and environmental attributes of goods on sale, we explore the effects of anti-consumerism and environmentalism. We show that when the environmental attributes of products come at the expense of the hedonic attributes, a higher supply of anti-consumerism and environmentalism yields the expected positive effect on the environment. In contrast, when hedonic and environmental attributes are jointly met by a good, higher levels of anti-consumerism and environmentalism negatively affect the society’s environmental footprint. Moreover, the impact of anti-consumerism and environmentalism on social welfare is far from being obvious, giving rise to unexpected redistributive effects between firms and consumers. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Institutional and Behavioral Economics |
| Date: | 2023–02–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:feemwp:330384&r=env |
| By: | Ortiz-Riomalo, Juan Felipe; Koessler, Ann Kathrin; Miranda-Montagut, Yaddi; Cardenas, Juan Camilo |
| Abstract: | Overcoming complex environmental challenges demands different forms of stakeholder participation and collective action. While informative and relevant for participatory interventions, the literatures on collective action and participatory governance have largely remained disconnected. We illustrate how the institutional analysis and development (IAD), network of (adjacent) action situation (NAS) and social–ecological system (SES) frameworks can be combined to provide a coherent approach that integrates these literatures, applies their insights and bridges this disconnect. We compare two similar participatory interventions, one in Colombia and one in Peru, whose design and implementation we supported. Transdisciplinary in nature, both sought to foster collective action for watershed management. The frameworks allow us to demarcate, characterise and reflect upon the action situations (ASs) for the collective choice, coordination and knowledge generation that constituted each participatory intervention (i.e. the constituent NAS) and other relevant operational and institutional ASs that lay outside the boundaries of the participatory interventions. These other ASs may not be linked to one another or to the intervention’s constituent NAS, but they influence the outcomes of interest nevertheless, thereby shaping the potential of the participatory interventions for collective action and sustainable natural resource management. The framework then suggests, and our comparative analysis illustrates, that organisers and researchers of participatory interventions, such as multi-actor deliberative platforms and transdisciplinary research projects, should carefully consider, reflect upon and address the constellation of relevant actors, ASs and contexts co-determining the outcomes of interest. Our study demonstrates how the IAD, SES and NAS frameworks can support that endeavour. |
| Keywords: | collective action; institutional analysis and development; networks of adjacent action situations; participatory governance; social–ecological systems; sustainable natural resource management |
| JEL: | R14 J01 |
| Date: | 2023–01–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:116935&r=env |
| By: | Olivier R de Bandt (Banque de France - Banque de France - Banque de France); Luc Jacolin (Banque de France - Banque de France - Banque de France); Thibault Lemaire (CES - Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Banque de France - Banque de France - Banque de France) |
| Abstract: | Using panel data covering 126 low- and middle-income countries over 1960-2017, we find that sustained positive temperature deviations from their historical norms have a non-linear negative effect on economic growth and growth per capita. A sustained 1°C temperature increase lowers real GDP per capita annual growth by 0.74–1.52 percentage points, irrespective of levels of development. We also find that temperature rise affects the households' intertemporal trade-off between consumption and investment, since the share of private consumption in total value-added increases while the share of investment declines. A sectoral decomposition shows that the share of industrial value-added also declines. While the share of agricultural value-added increases, agricultural output and productivity declines. Taken together, our results suggest that global warming will reinforce development traps, hindering further adaptation to climate change, particularly in the countries with the lowest levels of income given their lower resilience and higher socioeconomic vulnerability. |
| Keywords: | Climate Change, Economic Growth, Adaptation, Developing Countries |
| Date: | 2021–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-03948704&r=env |
| By: | Julia Wein; Chiara Künzle; Sven Bienert |
| Abstract: | The practice has shown that greenhouse gases other than CO2 have received far too little attention, even though they make a significant contribution to global warming. The paper focuses on the status quo of the so-called F-gases (expressed as CO2 equivalent / CO2e), which are used as coolants for air conditioning systems and industrial or commercial refrigeration. F-gases are still used today in the retail real estate sector, which have a more than 3, 000 times greater impact than CO2. From a technical point of view, the use of F-gases is not in itself harmful to the climate, as they are in a closed cycle. However, despite regular maintenance, leaks do occur during use, releasing harmful CO2e into the environment. Operators seem to have become aware of this problem and switch little by little to alternative coolants, but this is hardly an issue in the wider property market. Even leading benchmarking tools, such as GRESB, do not take F-gases into account. This can, under certain circumstances, massively distort the emission reduction targets of property owners.This paper aims to show the status quo of the food retail real estate market regarding F-Gas emissions in Germany. Furthermore, these results will point out to property owners what costs they should expect in the future and, under certain circumstances, how a so-called "stranding point" can be prevented. With the CRREM Risk Assessment Tool, various sample assets (German supermarkets) are evaluated in terms of their CO2 and CO2e emissions. Afterward, the results are compared and evaluated with the country- and asset-type-specific benchmarks of CRREM. As the last step, the influence of F-gases is considered in isolation, and recommendations for action are specified. Given the increasing regulations and the growing awareness of sustainability, especially an evaluation of the CO2e emissions is urgently needed. If this is ignored, the transitory risks of buildings will increase. Action is also required as physical risks such as heatwaves are steadily growing, driving the use of increasingly expensive refrigerants. If owners are not aware of these risks, they may face high costs. |
| Keywords: | carbon footprint; Co2; Operational carbon; Transition risk |
| JEL: | R3 |
| Date: | 2022–01–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arz:wpaper:2022_112&r=env |
| By: | Sail Said (University of Algiers 3 : Université d' Alger 3) |
| Abstract: | The aim of this research is to discover the reality of Euro-Mediterranean cooperation in the field of fossil and renewable energies, And to accomplish this study, we adopted a scientific methodology that focuses on the use of the descriptive and analytical approaches.We have reached the conclusion That, the development of renewable energy, is still below the level of cooperation reached by the two parties in fossil energy. |
| Keywords: | renewable energy mena region Solar energy wind energy development. JEL classifications codes : Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q56 P28, renewable energy, mena region, Solar energy, wind energy, development. JEL classifications codes : Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q56, P28 |
| Date: | 2022–12–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03905028&r=env |
| By: | Jütting, Johannes P.; Ramirez-Hughes, Sasha |
| Abstract: | The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development calls on countries to report on an extensive set of indicators, aimed at ensuring that no one is 'left behind', yet today, nearly halfway towards the end, most countries are struggling to produce the required data. The COVID-19 pandemic, climate change, conflict and instability are setting back SDG progress while also making it more difficult for national statistical offices to produce data. Johannes Jütting & Sasha Ramirez-Hughes suggest in their Policy Brief to use new tools and platforms to better match supply and demand, new data sources and citizen-generated data along with the better usage of existing data that could deliver substantial benefits. |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:pegnpb:292022&r=env |
| By: | Ayodele Adegoke; Samson Agbato; Timothy Tunde Oladokun; Job Taiwo Gbadegesin |
| Abstract: | Diverse human activities are carried out in real estate, suggesting its significant contribution to global warming. This study examines how cognizant managers of real estate are about the potential benefits of vertical greening systems (VGSs). The research questionnaire was administered to real estate managers. The real estate managers were those under the employment of registered estate surveying and valuation firms in Lagos. They were sampled using the simple random method, with one real estate manager selected per firm. Of the total of 282 real estate managers, only 127 responded to the questionnaire, and 121 (representing 42.9%) were found to be of use in the data analysis. With the aid of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS v.20). The analysis of the data collected was done using the fuzzy synthetic evaluation method. The study found a generally low level of cognizance among the real estate managers (overall cognizance index = 2.60). However, based on the categories of the different benefits of VGSs, the results showed that the real estate managers' cognizance of the environmental benefits of VGSs is more than that of its social and economic benefits. Real estate managers not being fully cognizant of the potential benefits of VGSs would prevent them from giving an appropriate recommendation to the government on the need to form a policy that would mandate the installation of vegetation on buildings. We conclude that the cognizance of the real estate managers would assist the government in the formulation of policies to foster the achievement of sustainable development goals. |
| Keywords: | Green facade; Green wall; Real estate managers; Vertical greening systems |
| JEL: | R3 |
| Date: | 2022–01–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arz:wpaper:2022_22&r=env |
| By: | Stefan Flagner; Piet Eichholtz; Nils Kok; Guy Plasqui; Maartje Willeboordse |
| Abstract: | Primary and secondary education are of critical importance to the future life of children, determining their future in the labour market. Thus, pupils should be provided with an optimal learning environment to work at their highest cognitive capacity, including the indoor quality of classrooms. However, school buildings are often old, poorly ventilated, and in urgent need of renovation. Past studies have shown that being in a poorly ventilated classroom can have negative effects on the learning outcomes of pupils. The question remains, however, if children with an unhealthy lifestyle are more susceptible to a poor indoor environment. This study aims to investigate the role of the pupil’s health status when being exposed to high levels of indoor carbon dioxide (CO2) in classrooms. It is hypothesised that among the students with healthy dietary behaviour and high physical activity level, despite being exposed to a high concentration of CO2 during the time they study for a test and during the time of conducting the test, they are more resilient towards the negative effects of indoor CO2 on learning outcomes, compared to students with a less healthy lifestyle. For this purpose, data from a quasi-experimental study was used, including indoor air sensor data for each classroom, data of the health behaviour of students, and the exam grades of an annual nationwide test. The sensors measure the concentration of CO2, fine particular matter, temperature and humidity levels, and noise levels in classrooms. Preliminary results from linear mixed model analysis have shown that an unhealthy diet and a higher BMI negatively affects test scores. Additionally, the effect of dietary behaviour on test scores interacts with the level of CO2 in the classroom. The next steps will be to examine this effect further by including confounders such as socioeconomic status, sick leave, and minutes spend in the classroom. |
| Keywords: | Academic Performance; Cognition; Health Behaviour; indoor environment |
| JEL: | R3 |
| Date: | 2022–01–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arz:wpaper:2022_86&r=env |
| By: | Jarvis, Stephen; Deschenes, Olivier; Jha, Akshaya |
| Abstract: | Many countries have phased out nuclear power in response to concerns about nuclear waste and the risk of nuclear accidents. This paper examines the shutdown of more than half of the nuclear production capacity in Germany after the Fukushima accident in 2011. We use hourly data on power plant operations and a machine learning approach to estimate the impacts of the phase-out policy. We find that reductions in nuclear electricity production were offset primarily by increases in coal-fired production and net electricity imports. Our estimates of the social cost of the phase-out range from €3 to €8 billion per year. The majority of this cost comes from the increased mortality risk associated with exposure to the local air pollution emitted when burning fossil fuels. Policymakers would have to significantly overestimate the risk or cost of a nuclear accident to conclude that the benefits of the phase-out exceed its social costs. We discuss the likely role of behavioral biases in this setting, and highlight the importance of ensuring that policymakers and the public are informed about the health effects of local air pollution. |
| JEL: | C53 Q41 Q53 |
| Date: | 2022–06–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:113634&r=env |
| By: | Maria Antonieta Cunha-e-Sa; Til Dietrich; Ana Faria; Luis Catela Nunes; Margarida Ortigao; Renato Rosa; Carina Vieira da Silva |
| Abstract: | The effect of the payment vehicle (PV) on economic valuation estimates has been addressed since the early literature on stated preferences studies. Particularly, some studies have focused on willingness to pay (WTP) sensitivity to mandatory/collective vs. voluntary/individual PVs, by comparing tax increases or redistribution based on specific taxes with donation-like contributions. These two payment schemes may induce different types of strategic behavior and eventually free riding by the economic agents involved. We conducted a choice experiment through a face-to-face survey held in 2020 for a representative sample of the Portuguese population. We investigate the national population’s WTP to invest in oil spills’ prevention along the coastline of mainland Portugal to ensure the provision of four marine and coastal ecosystem services (MCES): (1) biodiversity conservation, (2) beach use, (3) coastal protection and (4) surf. We used a split-sample design to test for differences between the two PVs considered, a mandatory income tax and a voluntary contribution collected through a crowdfunding campaign. We estimate a mixed logit model (MXL) in WTP-space. Furthermore, we control for several sociodemographic characteristics to capture the influence of respondents’ heterogeneity on the elicited WTP, and to check the robustness of our results. We find that mean WTP estimates are positive and significant for all ES except for surf. Biodiversity conservation has the highest WTP estimate. The results obtained suggest that the lack of trust in institutions, fairness concerns and disbelief in policy consequentiality seem to be intrinsic to the Portuguese population, influencing WTP regardless of the PV. However, when comparing an extra income tax with a crowdfunding campaign, respondents have a lower preference for the status quo in this latter case. Therefore, our results highlight the importance of better understanding the role that the payment vehicle may play in funding ecosystem services’ conservation. This is important since how populations respond to incentives for sustainability purposes is crucial to ensure that the targets are met in a more efficient (or cost-effective) and equitable way. |
| Keywords: | Discrete choice experiment, Oil spills, marine and costal ecosystem services (MCES), Payment vehicle |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unl:unlfep:wp657&r=env |
| By: | Taous Sahali (Université Abderrahmane Mira [Béjaïa]); Abdel Majid Djenane (Université Abderrahmane Mira [Béjaïa]) |
| Abstract: | The problem of the sewerage networks in Bejaia is due to the obsolescence of the equipment and the under-dimensioning of the networks. We have carried out a small study and show using the equations where the problem lies. to do so, we collected data from the various organizations. Changing the diameter of the sewer networks can solve the problems of overflow and the waste they generate, because rainwater carries garbage and debris, which then accumulates causing stagnation of water. |
| Keywords: | sustainable development, water resources, water pollution, the population explosion, sewerage networks |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03905257&r=env |
| By: | Eric Tromeur; Luc Doyen (CEE-M - Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier); Violaine Tarizzo; L. Richard Little (CSIRO Ocean & Atmosphere, CSIRO); Sarah Jennings (UTAS - University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia]); Olivier Thébaud (IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer) |
| Date: | 2021–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-03913035&r=env |
| By: | Dennis Aldenhoff; Dominik Jonik; Björn-Martin Kurzrock |
| Abstract: | The EU and its member states have recognized that reducing CO2 emissions in buildings is a decisive task for achieving climate protection targets. With regard to Germany, only moderate progress is discernible, which is primarily reflected in low modernization rates and modernization concepts that ultimately miss their goals.A reason for this is that heat pumps, identified in many studies as the preferred and state-of-the-art heating technology, requires extensive modernization measures in existing buildings. This results in existing building owners usually opting for modernization variants that involve lower investment costs, which do not bring the necessary CO2 savings. But since these modernization concepts do not lead to the achievement of climate protection goals, repeated construction measures on the building become necessary, which exceed the previously saved investment costs. Therefore, more ambitious modernization concepts tend to be more cost-effective in the long term. The project ModEMS4Q, funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Protection, aims to improve economic feasibility of target-oriented modernization by generating synergies of a cross-technology and cross-building approach.ModEMS4Q looks at three distinct residential districts with single-family houses and multi-family houses which, due to their different building types and years of construction, each offer different conditions for concept development. An energy management system is central part of the modernization concepts and allows coupling with other consumers such as e-mobility. In addition to variations in the modernization of the building's thermal envelope, various supply concepts for the building's technical equipment are being considered, and the economic feasibility is being assessed. Key points of the concepts are the utilization of the local potential for renewables, the possibility for modular expansion of the concept to adjacent buildings and neighborhoods, and long-term climate neutrality.Depending on the local conditions, combinations of two concepts for the modernization of the thermal envelope, four variants for the heat supply and two financing models including potential expansion possibilities are examined and measured against reference concepts for each residential district. |
| Keywords: | Economic feasibility; Energetic refurbishments; Energy management system; Residential districts |
| JEL: | R3 |
| Date: | 2022–01–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arz:wpaper:2022_96&r=env |
| By: | Winston P. Hovekamp; Katherine R. H. Wagner |
| Abstract: | This paper studies whether private adaptation to flood risk is economically efficient. We estimate the return to elevating houses, one of the most significant private defensive investments against flooding, using two decades of microdata on the universe of houses and flood damages in high-risk flood zones in the Atlantic and Gulf Coast United States. We find that undertaking adaptation is socially optimal in the highest risk areas over a house’s lifetime, but that individual homeowners may under-invest in flood protection because the benefits do not accrue over their average tenure. We identify conditions under which adaptation yields the highest returns. |
| JEL: | H54 Q54 Q58 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_10243&r=env |
| By: | Thomas-Agnan, Christine; Simioni, Michel; Trinh, Thi-Huong |
| Abstract: | We compare several approaches to scalar-on-density regression. With a discrete point of view, the densities can be viewed as histograms whose frequency vectors belong to a simplex ${\cal S}^D$ and then classical compositional regression can be used. An alternative with a functional point of view is to consider density functions as infinite dimensional compositional objects, elements of the so-called Bayes space ${\cal B}^2$, and then compositional scalar-on-density regression can be performed. In the second approach, since the density covariate data is originally available as an histogram, these first need to be sent to ${\cal B}^2$ using a smoothing step performed by CB-splines smoothing. It is then interesting to investigate the potential advantage of the smooth approach with respect to the discrete one. We compare them through an application about the assessment of the impact of climate change on rice yield in Vietnam, where density covariates are the distributions of maximum daily temperatures during 30 years, from 1987 to 2016, in $63$ Vietnamese provinces. Additional covariates such as precipitation, regional dummies and a time trend are added to both models. Scenarios of climate change are modelled with perturbations of the initial density by a chosen change direction producing a shift of the densities towards higher temperatures. The impact on rice yield is then obtained in both models by computing a simple inner product, in ${\cal S}^D$ and respectively ${\cal B}^2, $ of the parameter of the density covariate with the change direction. The comparison shows that the smooth approach outperforms the discrete one by a better evaluation of the phenomenon scale which the discrete approach may fail to uncover. |
| Keywords: | Compositional Scalar-on-Density Regression;; Bayes Space;; Compositional Splines;; Climate Change;; Rice Yield;; Vietnam. |
| JEL: | C14 C16 C39 Q19 Q54 |
| Date: | 2023–02–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tse:wpaper:127847&r=env |
| By: | Zenno, Yoshihiro; Aruga, Kentaka |
| Abstract: | We conducted a survey on institutional investors in Beijing and Shenzhen to analyze the factors affecting green bond (GB) investing in China, such as credit rating, GB issuer, fund use, liquidity, redemption term, certification label, and type of currency. We then compared the results for Beijing and Shenzhen, including factors that affected greenium and the two cities’ willingness to pay (WTP). Using a double-bounded dichotomous choice contingent valuation method, we find that higher credit ratings tend to increase Beijing investors’ WTP and that the use of GB proceeds affects Shenzhen investors’ WTP. We also find that investors place importance on the type of currency, length of redemption term, and liquidity when investing in GB, while the certification label does not have an impact on WTP. The WTP for GB was higher among Shenzhen investors than among Beijing investors. The government, financial regulators, and issuers looking to enhance the design of GBs and grow their market share in China would all benefit from the study's findings. |
| Keywords: | green bonds, greenium, willingness to pay, credit rating, China, Renminbi |
| JEL: | D0 F64 G1 |
| Date: | 2023–02–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:116203&r=env |
| By: | Gwen-Jirō Clochard (CREST - Centre de Recherche en Économie et Statistique - ENSAI - Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] - X - École polytechnique - ENSAE Paris - École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Chicago); Aby Mbengue (UGB - Université Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis Sénégal); Clément Mettling (IGH - Institut de génétique humaine - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UM - Université de Montpellier, UMR ISEM - Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - EPHE - École pratique des hautes études - PSL - Université Paris sciences et lettres - Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226 - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UM - Université de Montpellier); Birane Diouf (UGB - Université Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis Sénégal); Charlotte Faurie (UMR ISEM - Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - EPHE - École pratique des hautes études - PSL - Université Paris sciences et lettres - Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226 - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UM - Université de Montpellier); Omar Sene (UADB - Université Alioune Diop de Bambey); Emilie Chancerel (BioGeCo - Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés - UB - Université de Bordeaux - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Erwan Guichoux (BioGeCo - Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés - UB - Université de Bordeaux - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Guillaume Hollard (CREST - Centre de Recherche en Économie et Statistique - ENSAI - Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] - X - École polytechnique - ENSAE Paris - École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Michel Raymond (UMR ISEM - Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - EPHE - École pratique des hautes études - PSL - Université Paris sciences et lettres - Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226 - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UM - Université de Montpellier); Marc Willinger (CEE-M - Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier) |
| Abstract: | It has been shown that living in risky environments, as well as having a risky occupation, can moderate risk-tolerance. Despite the involvement of dopamine in the expectation of reward described by neurobiologists, a GWAS study was not able to demonstrate a genetic contribution of genes involved in the dopaminergic pathway in risk attitudes and gene candidate studies gave contrasting results. We test the possibility that a genetic effect of the DRD4-7R allele in risk-taking behavior could be modulated by environmental factors. We show that the increase in risk-tolerance due to the 7R allele is independent of the environmental risk in two populations in Northern Senegal, one of which is exposed to a very high risk due to dangerous fishing. |
| Keywords: | Local adaptation, dopamine receptor, population genetics, economic games, behaviour |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03954770&r=env |
| By: | - |
| Abstract: | The economies of the subregion were hard hit by the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly those dependent on tourism. As a result, the Caribbean has seen a reversal of the hard-won gains achieved in growing their economies and reducing unemployment and inequality. The inflation stemming from pandemic supply chain disruption, which has been exacerbated by the war in Ukraine, has made the sustained uptick in economic performance beyond pre-pandemic levels unlikely, notwithstanding strong growth estimates for 2021 and 2022. The last two years have taught the region that continued ‘business as usual’ is no longer an option for advancing sustainable development. As such, recovery and repositioning of the economies must take place in all sectors for the subregion to thrive. |
| Keywords: | DESARROLLO ECONOMICO, DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE, DESARROLLO SOCIAL, CRECIMIENTO ECONOMICO, RESILIENCIA, OBJETIVOS DE DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE, COVID-19, EPIDEMIAS, DESASTRES NATURALES, INFLACION, INVERSION EXTRANJERA DIRECTA, PLANIFICACION DEL DESARROLLO, ESTRATEGIAS DEL DESARROLLO, AJUSTE ESTRUCTURAL, FINANCIACION DEL DESARROLLO, FINANCIACION, ALIVIO DE LA DEUDA, CONVERSIONES DE LA DEUDA, ADAPTACION AL CAMBIO CLIMATICO, FONDOS PARA IMPREVISTOS, CARICOM, ESTADOS PEQUEÑOS, PEQUEÑOS ESTADOS INSULARES EN DESARROLLO, ELABORACION DE POLITICAS, RECOMENDACIONES, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, RESILIENCE, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS, COVID-19, EPIDEMICS, NATURAL DISASTERS, INFLATION, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, DEVELOPMENT PLANNING, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES, STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT, DEVELOPMENT FINANCE, FINANCING, DEBT RELIEF, DEBT CONVERSIONS, CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION, CONTINGENCY FUNDS, CARICOM, SMALL STATES, SMALL ISLAND DEVELOPING STATES, POLICY-MAKING, RECOMMENDATIONS |
| Date: | 2023–01–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col095:48657&r=env |
| By: | Rayane Rezak (Université Abderrahmane Mira [Béjaïa]); Assia Djenouhat (University of Algiers 3 : Université d' Alger 3); Hamid Kherbachi (Université Abderrahmane Mira [Béjaïa]) |
| Abstract: | This research sought to determine the strength and nature of relationship between innovation capability and the application of sustainable development pillars. A questionnaire was designed and handed or sent to the employees of Djen Djen Port international .It was established that a moderate almost strong positive correlation existed between innovation management capability and the implementation of sustainable development pillars in the port company. |
| Keywords: | innovation management sustainable development capability pillars, Port Company. JEL Classification Codes: O32, Q50, innovation management, sustainable development, capability, pillars |
| Date: | 2022–12–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03904701&r=env |
| By: | Noure El Imene Boumali (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Fateh Mamine (Accompagnement Stratégie); Cheriet Foued (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Etienne Montaigne (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Abstract: | This study highlights the impact of innovation on the market orientation and performance of a cooperative for the valorization of prickly pear co-products in Algeria. While the collective entrepreneurship outcomes have been widely discussed, it has been much less so for innovative cooperatives. In this paper, we focus on the performance of this model of entrepreneurship based on the reappropriation of technical innovations. In this sense, our analysis seeks to extend previous empirical research on the performance of agricultural cooperatives by introducing market orientation and a more comprehensive assessment of the socioeconomic performance of innovative cooperatives like Nopaltec. Our results on « alternatives » performances – role in collective appropriation and dissemination of innovation, sector structuration, socio-political and territorial functions of the cooperative – argue for a broader conception of the performances of agricultural cooperative structures. |
| Abstract: | Cette étude met en lumière l'impact de l'innovation sur l'orientation-marché et les performances d'une coopérative de valorisation des coproduits du figuier de barbarie en Algérie. Alors que la question des performances de l'entreprenariat collectif a été largement débattue, elle l'a été beaucoup moins pour des coopératives innovantes. Dans ce travail, nous mettons l'accent sur les performances de ce modèle d'entreprenariat fondé sur la réappropriation d'innovations techniques. Dans ce sens, notre analyse cherche à étendre la recherche empirique antérieure sur les performances des coopératives agricoles en introduisant l'orientation vers le marché et une évaluation plus globale des performances socioéconomiques des coopératives innovantes comme Nopaltec. Nos résultats portant sur les « autres » performances – rôle dans l'appropriation collective et la diffusion de l'innovation, structuration de la filière, fonctions socio-politique et territoriale de la coopérative – plaident pour une lecture élargie des performances des structures coopératives agricoles. |
| Keywords: | cooperative, innovation, performance assessment, prickly pear, Algeria, coopérative, évaluation de la performance, figue de Barbarie, Algérie, cooperative innovation performance assessment prickly pear Algeria |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03956075&r=env |
| By: | Alessandra Oppio; Marta Bottero; Federico Dell'Anna; Laura Gabrielli; Marta Dell'Ovo |
| Abstract: | Real Estate prices are influenced by the presence of multidimensional factors and many studies have been carried on to prove the correlation between property prices and extrinsic (location, neighborhood’s quality, etc.) as well as intrinsic (structural features, systems, etc.) characteristics. As it emerges by many consumers’ preferences investigations, the COVID-19 pandemic has prompted a shift to healthier cities. In major cities, green and open spaces are typically the only chance citizens have of coming into contact with nature and they fulfils environmental and social functions which improve quality of life and wellbeing. The aim of the current contribution is to assess the value of the urban quality by considering both spatial multicriteria variables and its marginal price, in order to explore its impact on real estate market. In fact, the quality of the built environment is a multidimensional notion, as it deals with the land use patterns and mixes, the spatial and temporal distribution of activities, the accessibility to services, the open spaces and green areas, the air quality, the arrangement and appearance of the physical elements of urban design. Given the spatial nature of urban quality and the multiple aspects to be considered, a hybrid evaluation approach has been defined by combining Spatial Multicriteria Analysis with the Hedonic Price Method. In line with urban design domain of research, the features contributing to the overall urban quality and analyzed within this study are the presence of public open spaces, influenced by i) the physical setting, ii) connectivity, iii) vitality, iv) meaning, v) protection, the accessibility and the provision of services. Since the linear regression models cannot take into account the interaction effects between different variables, non linear exponential multiplicative model computed via Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) has been applied.The proposed evaluation approach has been tested on three urban districts in the city of Milan (Italy), with different location features and located on the north-eastern side of the Municipality, from the center to the administrative border. By putting a light on urban quality marginal prices, the results of the this study could be considered as a contribution to address the real estate market actors choices about the trade-offs between economics and environmental quality. |
| Keywords: | Hedonic prices method; Multi-criteria decision analysis; spatial analysis; Urban Design |
| JEL: | R3 |
| Date: | 2022–01–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arz:wpaper:2022_239&r=env |
| By: | Jangho Lee; Lily Wu; Andrew E. Dessler |
| Abstract: | The use of energy by cryptocurrency mining comes not just with an environmental cost but also an economic one through increases in electricity prices for other consumers. Here we investigate the increase in wholesale price on Texas ERCOT grid due to energy consumption from cryptocurrency mining. For every GW of cryptocurrency mining load on the grid, we find that the wholesale price of electricity on the ERCOT grid increases by 2 per Cent. Given that todays cryptocurrency mining load on the ERCOT grid is around 1 GW, it suggests that wholesale prices have already risen this amount. There are 27 GW of mining load waiting to be hooked up to the ERCOT grid. If cryptocurrency mining increases rapidly, the price of energy in Texas could skyrocket. |
| Date: | 2023–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2302.02221&r=env |
| By: | Fiona Ottaviani (EESC-GEM Grenoble Ecole de Management, CREG - Centre de recherche en économie de Grenoble - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes); Anne Le Roy (CREG - Centre de recherche en économie de Grenoble - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes); Patrick O'Sullivan (EESC-GEM Grenoble Ecole de Management) |
| Abstract: | Based on two contrasting experiences of the construction of non-monetized social indicators carried out atdifferent levels (local and international), this article examines the effects of interpretive communities on indicators, on collective processes, and on social and scientific context–particularly that of information systems.The first initiative we examine is the Social Progress Index (SPI), developed from within the Social ProgressImperative and used at the international, European and local levels. The second initiative is the development of adashboard of sustainable territorial wellbeing indicators (IBEST) for use across the Grenoble metropolitan area.We present a framework of the effects of interpretive communities. The application of this framework in order toanalyze the two initiatives studied reveals the importance of interpretive communities in shaping the scientificand political agenda that is promoted by collective experiences involved in the development of alternative indicators.Rather than specific and circumscribed times for participation, it is the creation of spaces that are notcircumscribed in time at the intersection of communities that appear to be most conducive to giving substance todeliberative ecological. |
| Keywords: | SPI, IBEST, deliberative ecological economics, alternative indicators, interpretive communities, social transformation |
| Date: | 2021–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:gemptp:halshs-03161948&r=env |
| By: | Meg Adachi-Sato (Research Institute for Economics & Business Administration, Kobe University Faculty of Business Administration, JAPAN and Accountancy, Khon Kaen University, THAILAND); Osamu Sato (Department of Management, Tokyo University of Science, JAPAN) |
| Abstract: | This study examines how for-profit firms finance capital from investors through environmental, social, and governance (ESG) efforts. We examine a situation with two types of investors: socially responsible and for-profit investors. In this scenario, firms outnumber all investors in the market, and they must attract socially responsible investors to successfully obtain the capital they require. We show that when a firm makes a positive ESG investment, regulators aiming to promote ESG should encourage investors to prioritize ESG performance in their investment choices. Meanwhile, strengthening shareholders' rights or promoting corporate governance reform may not necessarily be ideal for them. |
| Keywords: | ESG; Matching intensity; Search; Social impact; Socially responsible investors |
| JEL: | D83 G23 G32 M14 |
| Date: | 2023–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:kob:dpaper:dp2023-03&r=env |
| By: | Bakdi Malika (univ-DBKM - Université de Djilali Bounaama Khemis Miliana) |
| Abstract: | E-waste has grown exponentially around the world and is estimated to be growing at 3-5 % per annum. China faces a rapidly increasing amount of e-waste, both, from domestic generation and illegal imports. This paper examines the management of e-waste by formal and informal sectors in china, by means of descriptive and analytic approaches. The main results involve that China is the world's largest producer and importer of electrical and electronic devices, likewise China is the largest e-waste market. Furthermore, over 60% of E-waste produced in China is recycled informally. However, about 40% of e-waste was focused on the formal system. Finally, the major challenge for china in e-waste management is how to provide incentives for formal recyclers to reduce informal recycling activities. |
| Keywords: | managing e-waste formal informal sector China. JEL Classification Codes: E23 E26 Q5 Q53 Q59, managing, e-waste, formal, informal sector, China. JEL Classification Codes: E23, E26, Q5, Q53, Q59 |
| Date: | 2022–12–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03904931&r=env |
| By: | Thomas Graeber (University of Harvard); Christopher Roth (University of Cologne); Florian Zimmermann (University of Bonn) |
| Abstract: | Widespread misperceptions shape attitudes on key societal topics, such as climate change and the recent pandemic. These belief distortions are puzzling in contexts where accurate statistical information is broadly available and attended to. This column argues that the nature of human memory may be key for understanding the persistence of misperceptions in practice. It documents that anecdotal information in the form of stories comes to mind more easily than statistical information, generating the potential for systematic belief biases. |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ajk:ajkpbs:045&r=env |
| By: | Vincent Chatellier (SMART-LERECO - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Abstract: | This point of view entitled "Agriculture, a highly strategic sector" is a short contribution (2 pages insert) to a book whose main title is: "AGRIAL, on the path of a unique cooperative model". Agrial is a French agricultural and agri-food cooperative company that accompanies its member farmers on a daily basis to develop and market their production. Together, Agrial's 12, 000 farmer-members and 22, 200 employees embody the company's values: sustainability, proximity, solidarity and boldness |
| Abstract: | Ce point de vue intitulé « L'agriculture, un secteur hautement stratégique » est une courte contribution (encart de 2 pages) à un ouvrage ayant pour titre principal : « AGRIAL, sur les chemins d'un modèle coopératif unique ». Agrial est une entreprise coopérative agricole et agroalimentaire française qui accompagne au quotidien ses agriculteurs adhérents pour valoriser et commercialiser leurs productions. Ensemble, les 12 000 agriculteurs adhérents et les 22 200 salariés d'Agrial incarnent les valeurs de l'entreprise : pérennité, proximité, solidarité et audace. |
| Keywords: | Cooperative, Agriculture, Coopérative, Agrial |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03943127&r=env |
| By: | Van Roosebeke, Bert; Defina, Ryan |
| Abstract: | Drawing on a survey amongst International Association of Deposit Insurers (IADI) members, this paper takes stock of the prevalence of ESG (“Environment, Social and Governance”) for deposit insurers. It provides a snap-shot of the current use of ESG policies by deposit insurers and identifies their expectations on future developments. We define ESG policies as formalised frameworks covering environmental, social or governance issues and that go beyond existing legal obligations in a given jurisdiction. Such policies are voluntary in nature and are not legally enforceable. ESG has recently witnessed fast-growing importance on financial markets and has attracted the attention of a number in international financial institutions. At the same time, the concept of ESG is still novel and there may be ample scope for further developing measuring concepts. |
| Keywords: | deposit insurance; bank resolution; ESG |
| JEL: | G21 G33 |
| Date: | 2023–01–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:116239&r=env |
| By: | Koenigsmarck, Markus; Geissdoerfer, Martin |
| Abstract: | An increasing number of investors is including sustainability considerations in their investment processes. This can improve both financial and corporate sustainability performance. The emergence of sustainable investing as an academic research field has been accompanied by considerable interest from the industry. Despite its importance, there is still no uniform understanding of what a socially responsible investment (SRI) comprises. There is a multitude of similar terms that are not clearly defined and delineated, accompanied by a lack of a uniform understanding of how sustainability should be measured in the investment context. The resulting confusion hinders conceptual clarity, a material barrier for both scholarly and practitioner endeavours in the field. We try to address these issues by conducting a structured literature review based on database searches and cross-reference snowballing. We aim to provide a synthesised and unified definition of SRI and ancillary terms and to draw attention to the exact sustainability measurements. We (1) outline the history of the concept, (2) concisely define SRI and related terms, (3) propose a trinomial sustainability indicator framework (the Cambridge SRI indicator framework) for conceptualisation, and (4) use this framework to provide a structured overview of sustainability indicators for SRIs. |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dar:wpaper:136617&r=env |
| By: | Sid Abdellaoui (UMBB - Université M'Hamed Bougara Boumerdes) |
| Abstract: | The development path in Algeria shows that it was unable to establish a sustainable development path at all levels, which was mainly related to the lack of pace of structural transformation and the failure to build a diversified economic structure. Economic diversification represents a way out for the Algerian economy to modify its current development path, as it increases the spread of positive effects. Such as increasing productivity, efficiency and technological development among economic activities and sectors, while ensuring the need for a clear role from the state to direct this diversification towards creating the most dynamic and highly productive economic activities. |
| Keywords: | economic diversification oil dependency structural imbalances renewable energies. JEL Classification Codes: L500 L780 L160 Q200, economic diversification, oil dependency, structural imbalances, renewable energies. JEL Classification Codes: L500, L780, L160, Q200 |
| Date: | 2022–12–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03904957&r=env |
| By: | Carmen Cantuarias (ESPI2R - Laboratoire ESPI Réflexions et Recherches (1997-2021) - ESPI - Ecole Supérieure des Professions Immobilières, GREThA - Groupe de Recherche en Economie Théorique et Appliquée - UB - Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Les services écosystémiques (SE) représentent les avantages que les hommes tirent des écosystèmes. Il s'agit notamment des services d'approvisionnement, tels que la nourriture et l'eau ; des services de régulation, tels que le contrôle des inondations et des maladies ; des services culturels, tels que les avantages spirituels, récréatifs et culturels ; et des services de soutien, tels que le cycle des nutriments, qui maintiennent les conditions nécessaires à la vie sur Terre (Daily, 1997 ; MEA, 2005). Ces bénéfices des écosystèmes naturels dont les sociétés humaines profitent ont été évalués à 1, 8 fois le produit intérieur brut mondial annuel (Costanza et al., 1997). En France métropolitaine, les milieux urbanisés continuent de s'étaler ; environ 80 % de la population y vivent (EFESE, 2018). Le milieu urbain concentre donc la demande de nombreux SE (régulation du climat local, gestion des eaux pluviales, services culturels, biodiversité, support de cultures alimentaires) tout en ayant une offre limitée, liée notamment au taux élevé d'artificialisation des sols (voir, projet SEMEUR). L'évaluation des SE urbains permet de sensibiliser les acteurs de l'immobilier à la valeur de la biodiversité et des services rendus par les écosystèmes. |
| Date: | 2021–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-03863083&r=env |