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on Environmental Economics |
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Issue of 2017‒10‒01
twenty-two papers chosen by Francisco S. Ramos Universidade Federal de Pernambuco |
| By: | Alain Karsenty (GREEN - Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement - CIRAD - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement) |
| Abstract: | Strategies to tackle deforestation are evolving. Under pressure from environmental NGOs and consumers, the major food companies are voluntarily committing to apply the “zero deforestation” principle, especially for their production of the key agricultural commodities (palm oil, cocoa, soy, etc.), which are responsible for around 70% of deforestation throughout the world. This concept is nevertheless ambiguous and difficult to implement. Payments for environmental services (PES) can help to achieve these ambitions. PES geared towards individual investment would be proposed to producers to enable them to modify their practices; these would be financed by zero deforestation companies. In addition, collective PES for forest conservation at the local level would be proposed to communities; these would be partly financed by a broad-based, low-level fee. |
| Abstract: | Les stratégies de lutte contre la déforestation évoluent. Sous la pression d'ONG environnementales et de consommateurs, des grandes entreprises agroalimentaires s'engagent volontairement à appliquer le principe « zéro déforestation », notamment pour leur production de grandes commodités agricoles (huile de palme, cacao, soja…), responsable d'environ 70 % de la déforestation mondiale. Le concept est toutefois ambigu et sa mise en oeuvre difficile. Les paiements pour services environnementaux (PSE) peuvent contribuer à rendre ces filières effectives. Des PSE tournés vers l'investissement individuel seraient proposés aux producteurs pour les aider à modifier leurs pratiques ; ils seraient financés par les entreprises zéro déforestation. En complément, des PSE collectifs rémunérant la conservation des forêts à l'échelle locale seraient proposés aux communautés ; ils seraient financés en partie par une redevance à assiette large et à faible taux. |
| Keywords: | Financement,Législation,services écosystémiques,protection de la forêt,Agro-industrie,Conservation de la nature,forêt tropicale,Déboisement,Utilisation des terres,Forêt,Communauté rurale,Développement régional,Développement agricole,Gouvernance,Approches participatives,coopérative agricole |
| Date: | 2015–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01537826&r=env |
| By: | Julien Xavier Daubanes (Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen); Fanny Henriet (Paris School of Economics (CNRS)); Katheline Schubert (Paris School of Economics (CNRS); University Paris 1) |
| Abstract: | Natural gas is hoped to effectively help shale gas producing regions meet their carbon emission reduction commitments. We examine an open economy that produces both gas and another, more carbon intensive fuel like coal. In presence of two carbon energy sources, the analysis sharply contrasts with the standard single-energy case in which leakage is less than 100%: We show that, in general, an economy that relies on domestic gas to meet its emission commitment may contribute to increase global emissions. Indeed, gas production releases coal that is exported instead of being consumed domestically, potentially increasing emissions in the rest of the world. In this new context, we establish testable conditions as to whether a governmental emission reduction commitment warrants the domestic exploitation of shale gas, and whether this unilateral strategy increases global emissions. We also characterize the extent to which this unilateral strategy makes the rest of the world’s emission commitment more difficult to meet. Finally, we show how our results apply to the case of the US. |
| Keywords: | Unilateral climate policy; Carbon emission reduction; Shale gas; Intermediate energy; Gas-coal substitution; Coal exports; Leakage; US policy; Policy counter-effectiveness |
| JEL: | Q41 Q58 H73 F18 |
| Date: | 2017–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:foi:wpaper:2017_09&r=env |
| By: | Julina (Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences, UIN Suska Riau, Indonesia. Author-2-Name: Dwi Kartini Author-2-Workplace-Name: Universitas Padjadjaran,Indonesia. Author-3-Name: Popy Rufaidah Author-3-Workplace-Name: Universitas Padjadjaran,Indonesia. Author-4-Name: Martha Fani Cahyandito Author-4-Workplace-Name: Universitas Padjadjaran,Indonesia.) |
| Abstract: | "Objective – This study attempts to determine the effect of religiosity, environmental attitudes, and environmental knowledge towards green purchase behavior. Methodology/Technique – Data were collected by distributing questionnaire to 14 shopping centers in Pekanbaru City during April - September 2016. Pekanbaru city is one of the provincial capital in Indonesia which experienced many environmental problems. A total of 421 eligible respondents participated in this study. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Findings – The results found that the effect of religiosity, environmental knowledge, and attitude toward green purchase behavior are significant. These three variables explain the green purchase behavior at 67.6%. Besides it also found that religiosity and environmental knowledge have the positive and meaningful impact on environmental attitudes. Therefore, it can be concluded that these two variables affect the green purchase behavior through environmental attitudes. Novelty – The model built in this study tried to integrate the spiritual aspect that has not been touched by previous researchers. The results of this study open up opportunities for further research to further improve both aspects of modeling in combination with other variables as well as the use of statistical analysis" |
| Keywords: | Religiosity; Environmental Attitude; Environmental Knowledge; Green Purchase Behavior. |
| JEL: | I21 Q56 Q57 |
| Date: | 2017–07–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jmmr155&r=env |
| By: | Bachev, Hrabrin; Ivanov, Bodjidar; Toteva, Desislava; Sokolova, Emilia |
| Abstract: | This paper presents a holistic approach for assessing agrarian sustainability in Bulgaria based on its economic, social and ecological aspects on sectoral macro-level. It is based on official statistical and other information as well as on expert evaluation. Our study has found that the Bulgarian agriculture on macro-level has good sustainability. Some of the sustainability aspects have higher levels (e.g. the economic aspect) while others (social and environmental) are inferior. Study results could help in focusing the political efforts, so that the agrarian sustainability, in its social and ecological aspect, could be increased. However, a further research is needed to evaluate the level of sustainability at micro-level, so that the major issues and problem areas are addressed accordingly. |
| Keywords: | agrarian sustainability, sustainability indicators, economic, social, ecological aspects, Bulgarian agriculture |
| JEL: | Q10 Q15 Q18 Q2 Q20 Q3 Q30 Q5 Q52 Q53 Q54 Q56 Q57 |
| Date: | 2017–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:81593&r=env |
| By: | Ojo, Marianne; Delhaye, Helene |
| Abstract: | “The objective of sustainable development is explicitly mentioned in the preamble of the agreement establishing the WTO. Furthermore, the only areas where the parties envision specific commitments—the reduction or elimination of tariffs and nontariff barriers to environmental goods and services, in particular fisheries subsidies—belong in the traditional market access part of the negotiations. The text in the Doha Declaration concerning the negotiations on the relationship between WTO and the multilateral environmental agreements is extremely cautious and will hardly produce any substantial results or any new commitments.” (The Economist, 2006:11) Amongst other aims and objectives which will be highlighted in the volume, this volume aims to contribute to the literature on the preservation of the environment and sustainable development primarily by recommending cost effective means, whereby sustainable development can be facilitated by non governmental organisations and actors. |
| Keywords: | sustainable development; environment; non governmental organisations; trade agreements; environmental standards; carbon offsetting |
| JEL: | E3 F4 G3 Q56 |
| Date: | 2018–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:81497&r=env |
| By: | Marc GRONWALD; Ngo Van LONG; Luise ROEPKE |
| Abstract: | We show that a green paradox can be weak, or strong, or extreme. A weak green paradox arises when a green - intentioned policy measure worsens the quality of the environment at least in the near term. A strong green paradox outcome is obtained if the policy ends up causing greater cumulative environmental damages than under the business - as - usual scenario , though it may raise welfare , for example by adding productive green capacity. An extreme green paradox arises when aggregate welfare (net of environmental damages) falls as result of a poorly designed green - intentioned policy. We illustrate numerically the three degrees of green paradox using a model with a capacity - constrained green backstop technology in direct competition with fossil fuels. |
| Keywords: | capacity constraints, green paradox, climate change, simultaneous resource use |
| JEL: | Q38 Q54 H23 |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mtl:montec:02-2017&r=env |
| By: | Karen Clay; Akshaya Jha; Nicholas Muller; Randall Walsh |
| Abstract: | This paper constructs new estimates of the air pollution and greenhouse gas costs from long-distance movement of petroleum products by rail and pipelines. While crude oil transportation has generated intense policy debate about rail and pipeline spills and accidents, important externalities – air pollution and greenhouse gas costs – have been largely overlooked. Using data for crude oil transported out of North Dakota in 2014, this paper finds that air pollution and greenhouse gas costs are nearly twice as large for rail as for pipelines. Moreover, our estimates of air pollution and greenhouse gas costs are much larger than estimates of spill and accidents costs. In particular, they are more than twice as big for rail and more than eight times as big for pipelines. Our findings indicate that the policy debate surrounding crude oil transportation has put too much relative weight on accidents and spills, while overlooking a far more serious source of external cost: air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. |
| JEL: | L92 Q53 Q54 |
| Date: | 2017–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:23852&r=env |
| By: | Kaushal, Kevin R. (School of Economics and Business, Norwegian University of Life Sciences); Rosendahl, Knut Einar (School of Economics and Business, Norwegian University of Life Sciences) |
| Abstract: | Unilateral actions to reduce CO2 emissions could lead to carbon leakage such as relocation of emission-intensive and trade-exposed industries (EITE). To mitigate such leakage, countries often supplement an emissions trading system (ETS) with free allocation of allowances to exposed industries, e.g. in the form of output-based allocation (OBA). This paper examines the welfare effects of supplementing OBA with a consumption tax on EITE goods. In particular, we investigate the case when only a subset of countries involved in a joint ETS introduces such a tax. The analytical results suggest that the consumption tax would have unambiguously global welfare improving effects, and under certain conditions have welfare improving effects for the tax introducing country as well. Numerical simulations in the context of the EU ETS support the analytical findings, including that the consumption tax is welfare improving for the single country that implements the tax. |
| Keywords: | Carbon leakage; Output-based allocation; Consumption tax |
| JEL: | D61 F18 H23 Q54 |
| Date: | 2017–09–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:nlsseb:2017_005&r=env |
| By: | Mientje Ratoe Oedjoe (Faculty of Teacher & Scien Education, Nusa Cendana University, Indonesia Author-2-Name: Rolland Epafras Fanggidae Author-2-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Teacher & Scien Education, Nusa Cendana University, Indonesia.) |
| Abstract: | "Objective – The role of women in Indonesia, particularly in East Nusa Tenggara in domestic activity very dominant. This study focuses on the efforts made by women cope with the impacts of climate change. Methodology/Technique – Methods used are mixture of quantitative and qualitative research. While the location of the research conducted in Kupang regency, East Nusa Tenggara. Findings – The study of the results showed that, women are still playing a dominant role in getting a sufficient supply of staple foods and meal replacements basic needs and outside work done in the event of extreme climatic impacts on the ocean. Novelty – This research looks at the optimal empowerment of women's role in addressing climate change and learn to know how the role of women in the economic field in the face of climate change impacts." |
| JEL: | J16 Q10 Q50 |
| Date: | 2017–07–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jmmr151&r=env |
| By: | Azad, Abul Kalam; Wadood, Syed Naimul |
| Abstract: | This paper estimates the impact of climate change on the fisheries and aquaculture sector of Bangladesh by employing appropriate econometric models. The Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2010 (HIES,2010) data have been used to estimate the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regressions for examining the impact. Since “climate change” is a long run phenomenon, its impacts may not be discernable in the short run, cross sections data. Our econometric results find some negative impacts of climate change on the household fisheries production,though estimated coefficients are not statistically significant.Climate change therefore does not have any impact on the fisheries and aquaculture sector at the household level at least in the short run. Within HIES 2010 data, regarding geographical locations, respondent households associated with fisheries from Dhaka and Rangpur divisions (and also to a lesser extent, Khulna) have been found to be disproportionately more vulnerable to climate change-related shocks as well as having lower yearly mean household incomes, compared to their counterparts in other divisions. |
| Keywords: | fisheries, aquaculture, climate change, Bangladesh |
| JEL: | D1 Q22 Q54 |
| Date: | 2017–07–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:81552&r=env |
| By: | Laura A. Bakkensen; Lint Barrage |
| Abstract: | How will climate risk beliefs affect coastal housing market dynamics? This paper provides both theoretical and empirical evidence: First, we build a dynamic housing market model with heterogeneity in home types, consumer preferences, and flood risk beliefs. The model incorporates a Bayesian learning mechanism allowing agents to update their beliefs depending on whether flood events occur. Second, to quantify these elements, we implement a door-to-door survey campaign in Rhode Island. The results confirm significant heterogeneity in flood risk beliefs, and that selection into coastal homes is driven by both lower risk perceptions and higher coastal amenity values. Third, we calibrate the model to simulate coastal home price trajectories given a future flood risk increase and policy reform across different belief scenarios. Accounting for heterogeneity increases the projected home price declines due to sea level rise by a factor of four, and increases market volatility by an order of magnitude. Studies assuming homogeneous rational expectations may thus substantially underestimate the home price implications of future climate risks. We conclude by highlighting potential implications for welfare and flood policy. |
| JEL: | G12 Q54 R21 |
| Date: | 2017–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:23854&r=env |
| By: | Budi Eko Soetjipto (Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia. Author-2-Name: Indra Maipita Author-2-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics, State University of Medan, Indonesia Author-3-Name: Idris Author-3-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics, State University of Padang, Indonesia Author-4-Name: Haikal Rahman Author-4-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics, State University of Medan, Indonesia) |
| Abstract: | "Objective – In this study, the impact of earthquake/tsunami threat on land prices is measured using the Hedonic Price Method (HPM). The location of the research is in Padang, West Sumatra. The subject of study is land owners who purchased their land later than September 30, 2009. Methodology/Technique – The linear model and Double-log model with Ordinary Least Square (OLS) are used to estimate variable. Findings – The findings reveal that the Linear model have five variables with a significant effect. Those variables are: (1) Environmental quality, (2) Distance to the seafront, (3) Distance to educational facilities, (4) Availability of clean water and (5) Position of the land, whereas the double-log model also have 5 variables: (1) Distance to the seafront, (2) Distance to educational facilities, (3) Access to evacuation routes, (4) Availability of clean water and (5) Position of the land. Novelty – The possibility of earthquake and tsunami threat in the future has raised a new parameter associated with the environment in the city of Padang, namely land distance towards the seafront. The findings of the study contribute the understanding in land pricing." |
| Keywords: | Earthquake/Tsunami; Environmental Quality; Land Prices; Padang. |
| JEL: | Q24 Q54 |
| Date: | 2017–06–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jber141&r=env |
| By: | Shapira, Roy; Zingales, Luigi |
| Abstract: | DuPont, one of the most respectable U.S. companies, caused environmental damage that ended up costing the company around a billion dollars. By using internal company documents disclosed in trials we rule out the possibilities that this bad outcome was due to ignorance, an unexpected realization, or a problem of bad governance. The documents rather suggest that the harmful pollution was a rational decision: under reasonable probabilities of detection, polluting was ex-ante optimal from the company's perspective, albeit a very harmful decision from a societal perspective. We then examine why different mechanisms of control - legal liability, regulation, and reputation - all failed to deter socially harmful behavior. One common reason for the failures of deterrence mechanisms is that the company controls most of the information and its release. We then sketch potential ways to mitigate this problem. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Regulation; Firm Objectives; pollution |
| JEL: | K32 L21 Q52 |
| Date: | 2017–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:12323&r=env |
| By: | Ann E. Ferris |
| Abstract: | Environmental regulation can impact local labor markets, potentially reducing incomes and employment and inducing reallocation across sectors. The labor market consequences of environmental regulation are difficult to isolate because regulations frequently apply to large areas, such as the entire United States, and researchers cannot directly observe the counterfactual, in the absence of regulation. I claim that protection of the northern spotted owl in the Pacific Northwest in the 1990s led to an exogenous decline in labor demand in that region. I use this policy change to identify the local and regional impacts of endangered species regulation on employment and incomes in the timber industry. I estimate the local labor market impact of owl protection by comparing counties in the region with and without owl-protected areas. Depending on the choice of control areas and the inclusion of additional control factors, northern spotted owl protection plausibly led to a small loss of incomes and employment in the region. |
| Keywords: | employment effects, labor market impacts, environmental policy |
| JEL: | Q52 R11 |
| Date: | 2017–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nev:wpaper:wp1705&r=env |
| By: | Noor Afza Amran (Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz School of Accountancy, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia. Author-2-Name: Natrah Saad Author-2-Workplace-Name: Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz School of Accountancy, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia. Author-3-Name: Norhani Aripin Author-3-Workplace-Name: Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz School of Accountancy, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia.) |
| Abstract: | "Objective – The objective of this paper is to examine green practices of hotels located in Northern region of Malaysia. Methodology/Technique – The sample of the study is 115 hotels in Penang, Kedah and Perlis. Questionnaires were personally delivered to each respective hotel. The response rate for the survey is 43%. Findings – Findings from the survey indicate that hoteliers have started to show a positive sign towards adoption of green practices such as usage of power saving bulbs, water conservation, and recycling management program. Novelty – The study urges more campaigns on awareness and the benefits of green practices. And, it will indirectly educate the hoteliers and society at large on the importance of saving the Mother Nature. " |
| Keywords: | Green Practices; Environment; Recycle; Hotels; Malaysia. |
| JEL: | Q50 Q57 |
| Date: | 2017–06–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jmmr152&r=env |
| By: | Pierre Courtois (SAE2 - Département Sciences Sociales, Agriculture et Alimentation, Espace et Environnement - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, LAMETA - Laboratoire Montpelliérain d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée - UM1 - Université Montpellier 1 - UM3 - Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 - Montpellier SupAgro - Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques - INRA Montpellier - Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] - UM - Université de Montpellier - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier); Charles Figuieres (GREQAM - Groupement de Recherche en Économie Quantitative d'Aix-Marseille - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - ECM - Ecole Centrale de Marseille); Chloe Mulier (Innovation - Innovation et Développement dans l'Agriculture et l'Agro-alimentaire - CIRAD - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - CNEARC - Centre national d'études agronomiques des régions chaudes - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - Montpellier SupAgro - Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques - IAMM - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier); Joakim Weill (Dpt of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 2159 Social Sciences and Humanities, University of California) |
| Abstract: | Biological invasions entail massive biodiversity losses and tremendous economic impacts that justify significant management efforts. Because the funds available to control biological invasions are limited, there is a need to identify priority species. This paper first review current invasive species prioritization methods and explicitly highlights their pitfalls. We then construct a cost-benefit optimization framework that incorporates species utility, ecological value, distinctiveness, and species interactions. This framework offers the theoretical foundations of a simple and operational method for the management of invasive species under a limited budget constraint. It takes the form of an algorithm for the prioritization of multiple biological invasions. |
| Keywords: | ioritization,biological invasions,cost/benefit,optimization,diversity |
| Date: | 2017–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-01591987&r=env |
| By: | Indien Winarwati (Faculty of Law, Trunojoyo Madura University, Indonesia.) |
| Abstract: | "Objective – The purpose of the present study is to determine Indonesia’s efforts to maintain and protect the fishery resources. Methodology/Technique – The present study used the normative juridical research method by researching the literature available. Findings – As stipulated in UNCLOS, the coastal states have rights, jurisdiction and obligations in the exclusive economic zone. Those rights are the rights to exploration and exploitation, conservation and management of natural resources, both living and non-living, of its waters. Novelty – The present study employed the law approach by examining all laws and regulations relating to the legal issues studied. The study suggests that Indonesia can implement and provide legal certainty with regard to maintaining and protecting marine natural (fishery) resources to support the life of the world community, especially the people of Indonesia to achieve social welfare." |
| Keywords: | Indonesian Sea; Exclusive Economic Zone; Indonesia; Protection; Marine Natural Resources. |
| JEL: | K32 Q34 |
| Date: | 2017–07–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jber142&r=env |
| By: | Teng Ma (Graduate School of Economics, Kobe University); Kenji Takeuchi (Graduate School of Economics, Kobe University) |
| Abstract: | This study examines the effects of air pollution control within the thermal power sector during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games (BOG08). Using data on pollution control equipment and energy intensity, we investigate for significant differences in their levels between provinces under the regional control policy for BOG08 and other provinces. The results suggest that the energy intensity of thermal power plants improved in 2007 and 2008 in provinces designated as areas requiring coordinated air pollution control for the Olympic Games. On the other hand, we found weaker statistical evidence for treatment effects on pollution control equipment. |
| Keywords: | Air pollution; China; Beijing Olympic Games; Thermal power sector |
| JEL: | Q52 L51 L94 |
| Date: | 2017–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:koe:wpaper:1718&r=env |
| By: | Richard-Ferroudji Audrey (IFP - French Institute of Pondicherry); Nicolas Faysse (UMR G-EAU - Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs et Usages - CIRAD - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - Irstea - CIHEAM - Centre International des Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes); Zhour Bouzidi (Université Moulay Ismail Meknès); Menon Ragunath (Pondicherry Science Forum); Jean-Daniel Rinaudo (IBLI - Institut de biologie de Lille - IBL - Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies - Institut Pasteur de Lille - Université de Lille, Droit et Santé - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Abstract: In the past decades, groundwater over-exploitation has increased the vulnerability of users, social inequalities and environmental degradation. In this context, the DIALAQ project aimed to experiment and disseminate a participatory approach intended to strengthen stakeholders’ capacity to implement more sustainable agricultural and groundwater management. DIALAQ’s network encompasses 8 regions in 4 countries (India, Morocco, France and the United States) including groups of farmers, administration’s representatives, NGOs, elected representatives and researchers from several disciplines. A seed funding enabled cooperation between academics and non-academic partners that led to the consolidation of the network and enabled the design of the project. Firstly, a focused review of literature on participatory foresight exercises in the field of groundwater management is presented. Secondly, the challenges and pathways taken in designing the research is described. This process resulted in a common methodological and ethical framework presented in conclusion. |
| Keywords: | "sustainable groundwater management","Research on Social Transformations to Sustainability" |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01378517&r=env |
| By: | Zaneta Kubik (Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne) |
| Abstract: | This paper attempts to establish if climate acts as the determinant of destination choice in case of rural-to-rural migration. In the context of climate change where the link between climate and rural income has been well established, it is argued that migrants who move within rural areas choose destinations with more favourable climate conditions allowing for higher incomes. Employing the alternative-specific conditional logit model, this paper shows that such indirect effect of climate on migration destination choice is non-negligible, since one per cent increase in the expected income differentials between origin and destination, attributable to climate, increases the probability of choosing a given destination by at least nine percentage points. On the other hand, distance acts as a constraint for migration, in particular for the poorest individuals who might be inhibited from reaping full benefits of mobility |
| Keywords: | climate change; regional migration; rural economics; agriculture; regional economics |
| JEL: | R11 R23 Q15 Q54 |
| Date: | 2017–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mse:cesdoc:17037&r=env |
| By: | Arjen Van Witteloostuijn (Tilburg University [Netherlands]); Marcus Dejardin (CIRTES - Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche Travail Etat et Société - UCL - Université Catholique de Louvain, CERPE - Centre de Recherches en Economie Régionale et Politique Economique - Facultés Universitaires Notre Dame de la Paix (FUNDP) - Namur); Julie Hermans (CERPE - Centre de Recherches en Economie Régionale et Politique Economique - Facultés Universitaires Notre Dame de la Paix (FUNDP) - Namur); Dendi Ramdani, (Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen]); Johanna Vanderstraeten (Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen]); Jacqueline Brassey (Tilburg University [Netherlands]); Hendrik Slabbinck (Universiteit Gent [Ghent]) |
| Abstract: | This book reports the outcomes of a BELSPO (the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office) research project. The authors develop and estimate (parts of) a comprehensive model in which the micro-performance of SMEs is determined by a complex web of factors. These are situated at the level of the entrepreneur, organization and environment. In this modeling, a fit between individual, strategy, structure and environment is key to attain better performance in terms of, for example, efficiency or profitability. Strategy is assumed to be the linking pin between the entrepreneur’s (or his or her venture’s) strengths and weaknesses, and the opportunities and threats in the environment. In line with this contingency approach, the authors utilize a multi-disciplinary theoretical lens in combination with analysis techniques that allow for the identification of fits (and misfits), such as the analysis of conditional processes or dynamic multi-level QCA fit analysis. |
| Keywords: | Strategy, Business Strategy, Competitive Strategy, Performance, Growth,Entrepreneurship, Small Business, SMEs |
| Date: | 2015–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01379907&r=env |
| By: | OECD |
| Abstract: | Several countries have been setting up strategic roadmaps to support marine biotechnologies that could drive innovation and help address the global sustainability goals of food, energy, and health. The report identifies and begins to address challenges facing cooperation on marine biotechnology across countries. First, the report provides on an international definition of marine biotechnology that was developed through a multi-year process. Second, the report reviews the international infrastructure in marine biotechnology and identifies the lack of standardisation as a critical issue. |
| Date: | 2017–09–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:stiaac:43-en&r=env |