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on Discrete Choice Models |
| By: | Sina Sahebi; Sahand Heshami; Mohammad Khojastehpour; Ali Rahimi; Mahyar Mollajani |
| Abstract: | Adaptive cruise control (ACC) is a technology that can reduce fuel consumption and air pollution in the automotive industry. However, its availability in Iran is low compared to industrialized countries. This study examines the acceptance and willingness to pay (WTP) for ACC among Iranian drivers. Data from an online survey of 453 respondents were analyzed using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and an ordered logit model. The results show that perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness affect attitudes toward using ACC, which in turn influence behavioral intentions. The logit model also shows that drivers who find ACC easy and useful, who have higher vehicle prices, and who are women with cruise control (CC) experience are more likely to pay for ACC. To increase the adoption of ACC in Iran, it is suggested to target early adopters, especially women and capitalists, who can influence others with their positive feedback. The benefits of ACC for traffic safety and environmental sustainability should also be emphasized. |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2401.17329&r=dcm |
| By: | Bunch, Davis S.; Chakraborty, Debapriya; Brownstone, David |
| Abstract: | To reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the transportation sector, government programs and regulations are encouraging a transition from internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) to battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), collectively referred to as plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs). California has targets of having 5 million PEVs and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles on the road by 2030, and 100% of new vehicle sales being zero-emission by 2035. An increasing diversity of vehicle types, paired with a growing demand for PEVs, has major implications for vehicle miles traveled (VMT), air pollution, and emissions. To better understand what is likely to happen, researchers predict household vehicle preference and VMT by vehicle body and fuel type. This policy brief summarizes the findings from that research and provides policy implications. View the NCST Project Webpage |
| Keywords: | Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vehicle Choice, Vehicle Miles Traveled, Joint Discrete Choice Model |
| Date: | 2024–02–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:itsdav:qt42g2n4nz&r=dcm |
| By: | Fan, Ying (Department of Building and Real Estate, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University); Fu, Yuqi (Department of Construction Management, Tsinghua University); Yang, Zan (Department of Real Estate and Construction Management, Royal Institute of Technology) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates how intermediaries with information advantages divert consumer search in rental markets and lead to inefficient outcomes. Using unique data on tenants’ initial preferences and property-visit records, we find that intermediaries deliberately prioritize the exhibition of properties distant from tenants’ preferences in their property-showing sequences and divert the visit route toward unsolicited properties. Moreover, such diversion patterns are dynamically adjusted according to the instantaneous feedback from tenants. By using diversion strategies to affect and project consumers’ preferences and willingness to pay, intermediaries can benefit from two channels, i.e., 1) distorting transaction outcomes and achieving higher commissions and 2) facilitating deals for less-favorable properties. We also provide evidence for the successive approximations of intermediaries’ diversion strategies and their implications for tenant discrimination. |
| Keywords: | search diversion; agent; property showing; rental markets |
| JEL: | D83 L85 R30 |
| Date: | 2024–02–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:kthrec:2024_002&r=dcm |
| By: | Marc Hallin; Simos Meintanis; Klaus Nordhausen |
| Abstract: | We propose a family of tests of the validity of the assumptions underlying independent component analysis methods. The tests are formulated as L2–type procedures based on characteristic functions and involve weights; a proper choice of these weights and the estimation method for the mixing matrix yields consistent and affine-invariant tests. Due to the complexity of the asymptotic null distribution of the resulting test statistics, implementation is based on permutational and resampling strategies. This leads to distribution-free procedures regardless of whether these procedures are performed on the estimated independent components themselves or the componentwise ranks of their components. A Monte Carlo study involving various estimation methods for the mixing matrix, various weights, and a competing test based on distance covariance is conducted under the null hypothesis as well as under alternatives. A real-data application demonstrates the practical utility and effectiveness of the method. |
| Keywords: | Characteristic function; total independence; independent component model; rank test |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eca:wpaper:2013/368952&r=dcm |
| By: | Ozgur Evren (New Economic School) |
| Abstract: | For choice problems under ambiguity, I provide a behavioral characterization of a decision maker who holds a second-order belief and updates it in a Bayesian fashion in response to new information concerning the true distribution of the states. The model features a unique second-order belief that can be elicited from choice data and is quite comprehensive in terms of ambiguity attitudes and risk preferences. Special versions, such as the smooth ambiguity model or the recursive non-expected utilitymodel, are easily characterized by additional assumptions on compound-risk preferences. Thereby, the model provides a testing ground to compare and contrast these well-known representations as well as alternative specifications that may be of interest. To illustrate potential benefits of alternative specifications, I provide a detailed analysis of a rank-dependent extension of the smooth ambiguity model. |
| Keywords: | Ambiguity Aversion and Seeking, Ellsberg Paradox, Second-Order Belief, Probabilistic Sophistication, Bayesian Updating, Compound Risk JEL Classifications: D81, D83 |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:abo:neswpt:w0291&r=dcm |
| By: | Edoardo Berton; Alessandro Doldi; Marco Maggis |
| Abstract: | State-dependent preferences for a general Savage's state space were shown in Wakker and Zank (1999) to admit a numerical representation in the form of the integral of a state-dependent utility, as soon as pointwise continuity of the preference ordering is assumed. In this paper we prove that such a state-dependent function inherits pointwise continuity from the preference ordering, providing in this way a positive answer to a conjecture posed in the aforementioned seminal work. We further apply this result to obtain an explicit representation of conditional Chisini means in the form of a conditional certainty equivalent. |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2401.09054&r=dcm |
| By: | John Paul P. Miranda; Maria Anna D. Cruz; Dina D. Gonzales; Ma. Rebecca G. Del Rosario; Aira May B. Canlas; Joseph Alexander Bansil |
| Abstract: | This study investigates the usage patterns and purposes of designer perfumes among Filipino consumers, employing purposive and snowball sampling methods as non-probability sampling techniques. Data was collected using Google Forms, and the majority of respondents purchased full bottles of designer perfumes from retailers, wholesalers, and physical stores, with occasional "blind purchases." Daily usage was common, with respondents applying an average of 5.88 sprays in the morning, favoring fresh scent notes and Eau De Parfum concentration. They tended to alternate perfumes daily, selecting different scent profiles according to the Philippine climate. The study reveals that Filipino respondents primarily use designer perfumes to achieve a pleasant and fresh fragrance. Additionally, these perfumes play a role in boosting self-esteem, elevating mood, and enhancing personal presentation. Some respondents reported fewer common applications, such as using perfume to address insomnia and migraines. Overall, the research highlights the significant role of perfume in the grooming routine of Filipino consumers. This study represents the first attempt to comprehend perfume usage patterns and purposes specifically within the Filipino context. Consequently, its findings are invaluable for manufacturers and marketers targeting the Filipino market, providing insights into consumer preferences and motivations. |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2401.17886&r=dcm |
| By: | Taglioni, Daria |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2022–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats22:339463&r=dcm |
| By: | Chinmay Maheshwari; Kshitij Kulkarni; Druv Pai; Jiarui Yang; Manxi Wu; Shankar Sastry |
| Abstract: | Congestion pricing, while adopted by many cities to alleviate traffic congestion, raises concerns about widening socioeconomic disparities due to its disproportionate impact on low-income travelers. In this study, we address this concern by proposing a new class of congestion pricing schemes that not only minimize congestion levels but also incorporate an equity objective to reduce cost disparities among travelers with different willingness-to-pay. Our analysis builds on a congestion game model with heterogeneous traveler populations. We present four pricing schemes that account for practical considerations, such as the ability to charge differentiated tolls to various traveler populations and the option to toll all or only a subset of edges in the network. We evaluate our pricing schemes in the calibrated freeway network of the San Francisco Bay Area. We demonstrate that the proposed congestion pricing schemes improve both efficiency (in terms of reduced average travel time) and equity (the disparities of travel costs experienced by different populations) compared to the current pricing scheme. Moreover, our pricing schemes also generate a total revenue comparable to the current pricing scheme. Our results further show that pricing schemes charging differentiated prices to traveler populations with varying willingness-to-pay lead to a more equitable distribution of travel costs compared to those that charge a homogeneous price to all. |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2401.16844&r=dcm |
| By: | Andor, Mark Andreas; Götte, Lorenz; Price, Michael Keith; Schulze Tilling, Anna; Tomberg, Lukas |
| Abstract: | We compare the behavior and welfare effects of two popular behavioral interventions for resource conservation. The first intervention is social comparison reports (SC), primarily providing consumers with information motivating behavioral change. The second intervention is real-time feedback (RTF), primarily providing consumers with information facilitating behavioral change. In a field experiment with around 1, 000 participants, SC reduces water use per shower by 9.4%, RTF by 28.8%, and the combination of both interventions by 35.0%. Participants' willingness to pay for RTF and the combination is higher than for SC. We find that all interventions enhance welfare. |
| Abstract: | Wir vergleichen die Verhaltens- und Wohlfahrtseffekte von zwei populären verhaltensökonomischen Interventionen zur Ressourcenschonung. Bei der ersten Intervention handelt es sich um soziale Vergleichsberichte, die den Verbraucherinnen und Verbrauchern Informationen zur Verfügung stellen, die in erster Linie zu Verhaltensänderungen motivieren. Bei der zweiten Intervention handelt es sich um Echtzeit-Feedback, das den Verbraucherinnen und Verbrauchern Informationen zur Verfügung stellt, die Verhaltensänderungen in erster Linie erleichtern. In einem Feldexperiment mit rund 1.000 Teilnehmenden reduzieren soziale Vergleichsberichte den Wasserverbrauch pro Dusche um 9, 4 %, Echtzeit-Feedback um 28, 8 % und die Kombination beider Interventionen um 35, 0 %. Die Bereitschaft dem Teilnehmenden, für Echtzeit-Feedback und die Kombination zu zahlen, ist höher als für soziale Vergleichsberichte. Wir stellen fest, dass alle getesteten Interventionen wohlfahrtssteigernd sind. |
| Keywords: | Resource conservation, welfare, real-time feedback, social comparison, behavioral intervention, field experiment |
| JEL: | D12 C93 Q25 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:rwirep:282012&r=dcm |