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on Discrete Choice Models |
| By: | Akinwehinmi, Joseph Oluwagbenga; Amos, Taye Timothy; Ogundari, Kolawole |
| Keywords: | Demand and Price Analysis, Crop Production/Industries |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295715&r=all |
| By: | Reithmayer, Corrina; Danne, Michael; Mußhoff, Oliver |
| Abstract: | Gender determination in incubated eggs (in ovo) has the potential to substitute the highly discussed practice of culling male layer chicks. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect pictures have on peoples’ preferences towards in ovo sexing at different stages of embryonic development as an alternative to chick culling. For this purpose, an online survey was conducted with a representative sample of 482 respondents in Germany. A within-subject design with two choice experiments was used to investigate the influence pictures have on respondents’ preferences and willingness to pay (WTP). The first choice experiment contained plain text only; the second contained also pictures of a chick or the incubated eggs at the corresponding stages of development. Findings reveal that in ovo gender determination at each proposed day of incubation (days 1, 4 and 9) was preferred to chick culling. In ovo screening on days 1 and 4 was significantly preferred to day 9. This preference for early gender determination increased significantly as a consequence to the provision of pictures. Results furthermore reveal that a high error rate of gender determination or the lack of a meaningful utilization of incubated eggs can decrease approval for in ovo gender determination to an extent, where no positive WTP remains. Findings of this study are useful for stakeholders in poultry production when considering the implementation of in ovo gender determination as a morally admissible substitute to chick culling. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Livestock Production/Industries, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies |
| Date: | 2019–11–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:gadadp:298419&r=all |
| By: | Vieira, José António Cabral (University of the Azores) |
| Abstract: | Researchers and human resource practitioners are nearly unanimous that satisfied and committed employees can play a major positive role in business performance. There is, however, a need for further evidence on what determines satisfaction at the workplace and how it can be promoted. In other words, do managers have access to specific satisfaction-enhancing variables, or are the determining factors more intrinsic to workers, such as their demographics or even religious beliefs and practices? Furthermore, is employee commitment totally explained by satisfaction, or do further factors promote it? This paper addresses these topics using an extensive sample of employees from a large number of countries. For this purpose, we use a semi-nonparametric estimator for a series of generalized models that nest the conventional ordered probit model, thus relaxing the distributional assumption in that model. The main results indicate that not all determinants of employees' satisfaction can be fostered by management, although some managerial instruments are available. Moreover, promoting workplace satisfaction helps increase employees' commitment (and consequently business success) but does not fully exhaust the explanation of such behavior. The findings of this study can motivate further study among researchers and illuminate helpful practices for human resource managers and practitioners. |
| Keywords: | job satisfaction, organizational commitment, worker characteristics, job characteristics, ordered probit, semi-nonparametric estimation |
| JEL: | J50 J53 |
| Date: | 2019–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp12787&r=all |
| By: | Mustapha Ridaoui (CES - Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne - UP1 - Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Michel Grabisch (CES - Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne - UP1 - Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Christophe Labreuche (Thales Research and Technology [Palaiseau] - THALES) |
| Abstract: | Models in Multicriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) can be analyzed by means of an importance index and an interaction index for every group of criteria. We consider first discrete models in MCDA, without further restriction, which amounts to considering multichoice games, that is, cooperative games with several levels of participation. We propose and axiomatize two interaction indices for multichoice games: the signed interaction index and the absolute interaction index. In a second part, we consider the continuous case, supposing that the continuous model is obtained from a discrete one by means of the Choquet integral. We show that, as in the case of classical games, the interaction index defined for continuous aggre-gation functions coincides with the (signed) interaction index, up to a normalizing coefficient. |
| Keywords: | multicriteria decision analysis,interaction,multichoice game,Choquet inte- gral |
| Date: | 2019–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:cesptp:halshs-02380901&r=all |
| By: | Reithmayer, Corrina; Danne, Michael; Mußhoff, Oliver |
| Abstract: | In ovo gender determination of incubated eggs can be a large-scale substitute to the culling of male chicks in layer hen production. However, the technology raises new ethical concerns which relate to the sensitivity of the embryo, as well as how the screened out eggs will be used afterwards and the accuracy of gender determination. In order to comprehensively investigate consumer attitudes towards this new technology, a questionnaire including a choice experiment was distributed to a representative sample of 482 German consumers between December 2018 and March 2019. The data was analyzed by an explorative factor analysis and a latent class analysis. Results indicate that the sample can be divided into four segments, which differ in preferences for production attributes, attitudes and price sensitivity. Attitudinal differences are found regarding respondents’ approval of the technical advances in agricultural production, confidence in legal regulations and the endorsement of enhanced livestock production conditions. Both a meaningful usage of by-products and a high rate of accuracy are crucial factors for the acceptance of in ovo gender determination for the majority of respondents. However, response behavior of one segment, representing 11% of the sample, indicates the disapproval of both chick culling and in ovo screening. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Livestock Production/Industries |
| Date: | 2019–11–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:gadadp:298040&r=all |
| By: | Maina, Fredah Wangui; Mburu, John; Egelyng, Henrik |
| Keywords: | Land Economics/Use, Food Security and Poverty |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295945&r=all |