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on Cultural Economics |
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Issue of 2019‒03‒04
six papers chosen by Roberto Zanola Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale |
| By: | Borowiecki, Karol Jan (Department of Business and Economics) |
| Abstract: | This research illuminates the historical development of creative activity in the United States. Census data is used to identify creative occupations (i.e., artists, musicians, authors, actors) and data on prominent creatives, as listed in a comprehensive biographical compendium. The analysis first sheds light on the socio-economic background of creative people and how it has changed since 1850. The results indicate that the proportion of female creatives is relatively high, time constraints can be a hindrance for taking up a creative occupation, racial inequality is present and tends to change only slowly, and education plays a significant role for taking up a creative occupation. Second, the study systematically documents and quantifies the geography of creative clusters in the United States and explains how these have evolved over time and across creative domains. Third, it investigates the importance of outstanding talent in a discipline for the local growth of an artistic cluster. |
| Keywords: | Creativity; artists; geographic clustering; agglomeration economies; urban history |
| JEL: | N33 R10 Z11 |
| Date: | 2019–02–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:sdueko:2019_003&r=all |
| By: | Julia Cage (Département d'économie) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the impact of increased media competition on the quantity and quality of news provided and, ultimately, on political participation. Drawing upon existing literature on vertical product differentiation, I explore the conditions under which an increase in the number of newspapers can decrease both the quantity and quality of news provided. I build a new county-level panel dataset of local newspaper presence, newspapers' newsrooms, costs and revenues and political turnout in France, from 1944 to 2014. I estimate the effect of newspaper entry by comparing counties that experience entry to similar counties in the same years that do not. Both sets of counties exhibit similar trends prior to newspaper entry, but those with entry experience substantial declines in the average number of journalists (business-stealing effect). An increased number of newspapers is also associated with fewer articles and less hard news provision. These effects are stronger in counties with more homogeneous populations, as predicted by my simple theoretical framework, whereas there is little impact in counties with more heterogeneous populations. Newspaper entry, and the associated decline in information provision, is ultimately found to decrease voter turnout at local elections. |
| Keywords: | Hard news; Media competition; Newspaper content; Political participation; Size of the news room; Soft news |
| JEL: | D72 L11 L13 L82 |
| Date: | 2017–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/478a1feno18otpdr60lclo4fuq&r=all |
| By: | Charles Angelucci (Columbia Business School); Julia Cage (Département d'économie) |
| Abstract: | Newspapers’ advertising revenues have declined sharply in recent decades. We build a model to investigate the consequences on newspapers’ content and prices of a reduction in advertisers’ willingness to pay. Newspapers choose the size of their newsroom, and readers are heterogeneous in the relative amount of journalistic-intensive content they prefer. We show that a reduction in advertising revenues lowers newspapers’ incentives to produce journalistic-intensive content, which affects the composition of their readership. We also build a unique dataset on French newspapers between 1960 and 1974 and perform a difference-in-differences analysis using a “quasi-natural experiment”: the introduction of advertising on television, which affected national newspapers more severely than local ones. We find robust evidence of a decrease in both the amount of journalistic-intensive content produced and the subscription price, which may help rationalize current industry trends. We also provide evidence that national newspapers’ readership became less educated and affluent following the change in prices and content. |
| Keywords: | Newspaper industry; Two-sided markets; Advertising; Newspaper quality; Size of the newsroom |
| JEL: | L11 L15 M37 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/4edekc99or8n2bu86nu4ua8adl&r=all |
| By: | van Damme, Nils (Ghent University); Baert, Stijn (Ghent University) |
| Abstract: | We investigate whether the home advantage in soccer differs by various dimensions of distance between the (regions of the) home and away teams: geographical distance, climatic differences, cultural distance, and disparities in economic prosperity. To this end, we analyse 2,012 recent matches played in the UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League. We find that when the home team plays at a higher altitude, they benefit substantially more from their home advantage. Every 100 meters of altitude difference is associated with an increase in expected probability to win the match, as the home team, by 1.1 percentage points. |
| Keywords: | soccer, home advantage, cultural distance, UEFA Champions League, UEFA Europa League |
| JEL: | L83 J44 Z00 |
| Date: | 2019–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp12143&r=all |
| By: | Bau, Natalie |
| Abstract: | Policies may change the incentives that allow cultural practices to persist. To test this, I study matrilocality and patrilocality, kinship traditions that determine daughters' and sons' post-marriage residences and thus, which gender lives with and supports parents in their old age. Two separate policy experiments in Ghana and Indonesia show that pension policies reduce the practice of these traditions. I also show that these traditions incentivize parents to invest in the education of children who traditionally co-reside with them. Consequently, when pension plans change cultural practices, they also reduce educational investment. This finding further demonstrates that policy can change culture. |
| Keywords: | Cultural change; cultural transmission; kinship traditions |
| Date: | 2019–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:13486&r=all |
| By: | Nufer, Gerd |
| Abstract: | The aim of this research paper is to both examine and conceptualise the concept of audio branding. Audio branding is an important part of the overall brand management concept and corporate identity. Strong brands ease the choice for customers and convey values and a certain quality promise. Branding is of vital importance. It needs to be acknowledged that only 0.004% of all outer stimuli reach the human consciousness. Therefore, audio branding is a way to further strengthen the overall brand awareness. This leads to an emotional connection with a brand. This study strives to determine the characteristics of audio branding and to analyse the corporate audio branding of Audi. The result of this research study is the suggestion of the use of audio branding in a way that fits the overall brand picture. Otherwise, the brand communication is inconsistent, and this could lead to a misunderstanding of the brand values for customers. The analysis of the Audi corporate sound design might be beneficial for practitioners. The overall evaluation of the concept of audio branding contributes to the existing body of literature in branding. |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esbwmm:20191&r=all |