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on Cultural Economics |
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Issue of 2017‒12‒03
eight papers chosen by Roberto Zanola Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale |
| By: | Budzinski, Oliver |
| Abstract: | Practices and conducts in professional and even amateur sports can be subject to competition laws as soon as commercial activities are involved. From an economic perspective, this implies that both directly commercial activities like the sale of broadcasting/media rights and indirectly commercial activities like defining and enforcing the rules of the games can be hit by competition policy interventions. Setting and enforcing the rules of the game is an activity with commercial effects because it influences attractiveness and marketability of the sports in question. After discussing fundamental issues, this contributions reviews selected landmark cases in sports competition policy from an economic perspective. This includes the U.S. baseball antitrust exemption, access rules to Judo tournaments, sale systems of media rights in European football as well as a unique combination of long-run exclusivity contracts, skewed allocation of common revenues, and special influences on rule-setting by some competitors in Formula One motor racing. Eventually, the areas of state aid to football clubs and mergers in Danish football are sketched. |
| Keywords: | sports economics,antitrust,competition policy,baseball,judo,football,soccer,motor racing,formula one,media rights,sports broadcasting,competitive balance,cartels,abuse of dominance |
| JEL: | K21 L40 L83 L82 |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:tuiedp:109&r=cul |
| By: | Ozlem OZGUR (Selcuk University Communication Faculty) |
| Abstract: | In terms of field of research, communication has a wide data source. Various topics ranging from communication between individuals to mass communication can be studied. One of the rich sources of data in this field is the cinema, which bears the features of the seventh art through its products and massively popularizes its message and constitutes one of the important branches of the entertainment industry. In this study, the representation codes of the concept of fatherhood which is supposed to be a milestone of manhood and an indicator of the establishment of manhood for every man, that exist within Turkish cinema will have been analyzed. With reference to what the basic elements that reproduce the fatherhood in Turkish cinema are, the main cause of this study is to explore how the types of the representation of fatherhood occur within the sample movies. This study, moreover, seeks for an answer about what kind of a relationship exists between the father figure within the cultural structure of Turkish society and the representations of fatherhood that are presented in Turkish cinema. |
| Keywords: | Father, Father figure, Turkish cinema |
| JEL: | L82 |
| Date: | 2017–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:5808255&r=cul |
| By: | Batabyal, Amitrajeet; Yoo, Seung Jick |
| Abstract: | The creative capital possessed by the members of the creative class in region j is either acquired through education or present innately in these members. Therefore, the creative infrastructure (CI_j) in the jth region is the sum of a part (CI_j^E) representing creative capital obtained through education and a second part (CI_j^I) denoting creative capital present innately in the creative class members. A researcher wishes to estimate the true relationship between the jth region’s log income per creative class member (y_j ) and its creative infrastructure (CI_j ). He has data on CI_j^E but not on CI_j^I. We study whether an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression of y_j on a constant and CI_j^E will produce an unbiased estimate of the impact of CI_j on y_j in two cases. In the first case, CI_j^E and CI_j^I are uncorrelated. In the second case, CI_j^E and CI_j^I are positively correlated. |
| Keywords: | Creative Capital, Creative Infrastructure, Ordinary Least Squares Estimation |
| JEL: | C13 L80 |
| Date: | 2017–08–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:82351&r=cul |
| By: | Francesco Decarolis; Maris Goldmanis; Antonio Penta |
| Abstract: | The transition of the advertising market from traditional media to the internet has induced a proliferation of marketing agencies specialized in bidding in the auctions that are used to sell ad space on the web. We analyze how collusive bidding can emerge from bid delegation to a common marketing agency and how this can undermine the revenues and allocative efficiency of both the Generalized Second Price auction (GSP, used by Google and Microsoft-Bing and Yahoo!) and the of VCG mechanism (used by Facebook). We find that, despite its well-known susceptibility to collusion, the VCG mechanism outperforms the GSP auction both in terms of revenues and efficiency. |
| JEL: | C72 D44 L81 M37 |
| Date: | 2017–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:23962&r=cul |
| By: | Siedlarek, Jan-Peter (Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland); Panebianco , Fabrizio (Bocconi University and IGIER); Prummer, Anja (School of Economics and Finance, Queen Mary University of London) |
| Abstract: | We highlight that convergence in repeated averaging models commonly used to study cultural traits or opinion dynamics is not equivalent to convergence in Markov chain settings if transition matrices are time-varying. We then establish a new proof for the convergence of cultural traits in the model of Panebianco (2014) correcting the existing proof. The new proof provides novel insights on the long-run outcomes for inessential individuals. We close with a discussion of conditions for convergence in repeated averaging models with time-varying transition matrices. |
| JEL: | D83 D85 Z13 |
| Date: | 2017–11–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedcwp:1720&r=cul |
| By: | Frédéric Docquier (FNRS & IRES, Université Catholique de Louvain (Belgium), and FERDI (France)); Aysit Tansel (Middle East Technical University (Turkey), IZA (Germany) and ERF (Egypt)); Riccardo Turati (IRES, Université Catholique de Louvain (Belgium)) |
| Abstract: | This paper empirically investigates whether emigrants from MENA countries self-select on cultural traits such as religiosity and gender-egalitarian attitudes. To do so, we use Gallup World Poll data on individual opinions and beliefs, migration aspirations, short-run migration plans, and preferred destination choices. We find that individuals who intend to emigrate to OECD, high-income countries exhibit significantly lower levels of religiosity than the rest of the population. They also share more gender-egalitarian views, although the effect only holds among the young (aged 15 to 30), among single women, and in countries with a Sunni minority. For countries mostly affected by Arab Spring, since 2011 the degree of cultural selection has decreased. Nevertheless, the aggregate effects of cultural selection should not be overestimated. Overall, self-selection along cultural traits has limited (albeit non negligible) effects on the average characteristics of the population left behind, and on the cultural distance between natives and immigrants in the OECD countries. |
| Keywords: | International migration, self-selection, cultural traits, gender-egalitarian attitudes, religiosity, MENA region. |
| JEL: | F22 J61 Z10 |
| Date: | 2017–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:koc:wpaper:1716&r=cul |
| By: | Docquier, Frédéric; Tansel, Aysit; Turati, Riccardo |
| Abstract: | This paper empirically investigates whether emigrants from MENA countries self-select on cultural traits such as religiosity and gender-egalitarian attitudes. To do so, we use Gallup World Poll data on individual opinions and beliefs, migration aspirations, short-run migration plans, and preferred destination choices. We find that individuals who intend to emigrate to OECD, high-income countries exhibit significantly lower levels of religiosity than the rest of the population. They also share more gender-egalitarian views, although the effect only holds among the young (aged 15 to 30), among single women, and in countries with a Sunni minority. For countries mostly affected by Arab Spring, since 2011 the degree of cultural selection has decreased. Nevertheless, the aggregate effects of cultural selection should not be overestimated. Overall, self-selection along cultural traits has limited (albeit non negligible) effects on the average characteristics of the population left behind, and on the cultural distance between natives and immigrants in the OECD countries. |
| Keywords: | International migration,self-selection,cultural traits,gender-egalitarian attitudes,religiosity,MENA region |
| JEL: | F22 J61 Z10 |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:glodps:146&r=cul |
| By: | Rajeev Sharma (Charles Darwin University) |
| Abstract: | Social media is now a communications tool of choice for many individuals, commercial and not for profit organizations. There is compelling evidence that mainstream Australians are avid social media users. Understanding of social media consumption and its impact is important for a wide range of stakeholders. The objective of this study is to better understand the beliefs that drive social media consumption in the Northern Territory Australia. Primary data for this paper was obtained through an on-line survey. Based on 420 usable responses, this paper explores the underlying beliefs of individual and institutional social media users. Data analysis identified statistically significant differences in the beliefs of the two cohorts. |
| Keywords: | social media, beliefs, Australia |
| JEL: | M19 |
| Date: | 2017–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:5808011&r=cul |