|
on Cultural Economics |
|
Issue of 2014‒02‒21
three papers chosen by Roberto Zanola Universita' del Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro |
| By: | Michael Kremer; Tom Wilkening |
| Abstract: | 140 countries have adopted bans on exports of antiquities, in part because these are seen as needed to protect cultural heritage for future generations. However, if enforcement is imperfect, export bans may be counterproductive, spurring the growth of a black market trade which can damage objects and obscure the archaeological record. We argue that allowing fixed-duration, long-term leases of antiquities or sales contracts with a pre-arranged repurchase option could achieve most of the goals of export bans while at the same time raising revenue for the source country and improving incentives for maintenance and revelation of antiquities in de facto private hands. While option contracts may be useful in the presence of credit constraints because they shift more revenue forward, leases are optimal mechanisms for resolving hold up and more robustly protect antiquities whenofficials in charge of cultural patrimony may be corrupt. |
| Date: | 2014–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:qsh:wpaper:145976&r=cul |
| By: | Cláudia Frias Pinto (Instituto Politécnico de Leiria); Fernando Ribeiro Serra (Uninove – Universidade Nove de Julho); Manuel Portugal Ferreira (Instituto Politécnico de Leiria) |
| Abstract: | National cultures and cultural differences provide a crucial component of the context of international business (IB) research. We conducted a bibliometric study of the articles published in seven leading IB journals, over a period of three decades, to analyze how “national culture” has been impacting in IB research. Co-citation mappings permit us to identify the ties binding works dealing with culture and cultural issues in IB. We identify two main clusters of research each comprising two sub-clusters, with Hofstede’s (1980) work setting much of the conceptual and empirical approach on culture-related studies. One main cluster entails works on the conceptualization of culture and its dimensions and other cluster on cultural distance. This conceptual framework captures the extant IB research incorporating culture-related concepts and influences. |
| Keywords: | culture, culture in international business, bibliometric study, IB research |
| JEL: | M0 M1 |
| Date: | 2014–02–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pil:wpaper:107&r=cul |
| By: | Andrey V. Kashanin (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | In codifying intellectual property rights, Russian legislators have left what standards of originality and creativity can be considered criteria of copyrightability a moot point. Nevertheless, it is crucial for answering questions about where the lower boundary of copyrightability lies and, consequently, what intellectual products that have an insignificant creative component, but are of high economic importance – such as databases, computer software, advertisement slogans or design work – should be copyrightable. This article addresses the problem of identifying criteria for copyrightability and non-copyrightability in the Russian legal literature by modeling various types of demarcation criteria and analyzing their strong and weak points. Analyzing debates in the legal literature warrant the conclusion that there is a trend to set looser standards for originality and creativity and grant copyright protection to works of low authorship |
| Keywords: | copyright, intellectual property, intellectual rights, personal non-property rights, exclusive rights, copyrightable work, copyrightability, works of low authorship, originality, creativity. |
| JEL: | O34 |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:32/law/2014&r=cul |