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on Economics of Strategic Management |
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Issue of 2023‒07‒17
fourteen papers chosen by João José de Matos Ferreira Universidade da Beira Interior |
| By: | Hing, Vutha (Asian Development Bank Institute); Thangavelu, Shandre M. (Asian Development Bank Institute); Kong, Ratha (Asian Development Bank Institute) |
| Abstract: | We examine the innovation and competitiveness of firms, especially with regard to the channels of technology transfer and the nature of innovation activities that influence firm performance in Cambodia's economy. Despite the growing importance of innovation, there has been no empirical analysis of the factors affecting technological and innovative development and the impact that these factors have on firms’ productivity in Cambodia. We use the World Bank Enterprise Survey for Cambodian enterprises for our empirical implementation. The results of the research indicate that overseas linkages that include both upstream and downstream activities could affect productivity growth at both firm and industry levels. We also find that technology and innovation have a positive impact on the productivity of firms in Cambodia. |
| Keywords: | technology; innovation; productivity; human capital; export and import |
| JEL: | D24 |
| Date: | 2023–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:adbiwp:1353&r=cse |
| By: | Rinki Ito |
| Abstract: | This study examines whether the structure of global value chains (GVCs) affects international spillovers of research and development (R&D). Although the presence of ``hub'' countries in GVCs has been confirmed by previous studies, the role of these hub countries in the diffusion of the technology has not been analyzed. Using a sample of 21 countries and 14 manufacturing industries during the period 1995-2007, I explore the role of hubs as the mediator of knowledge by classifying countries and industries based on a ``centrality'' measure. I find that R&D spillovers from exporters with High centrality are the largest, suggesting that hub countries play an important role in both gathering and diffusing knowledge. I also find that countries with Middle centrality are getting important in the diffusion of knowledge. Finally, positive spillover effects from own are observed only in the G5 countries. |
| Date: | 2023–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2306.06680&r=cse |
| By: | Paolo Carioli; Dirk Czarnitzki |
| Abstract: | Skills shortage has become a key policy issue in highly developed and innovationoriented economies, with non-negligible consequences on firms’ innovation activities. We investigate the effect of skills shortage on firms’ innovation openness, which is considered to be one of the key drivers of innovation performance. We hypothesize that scarcity of personnel causes firms to cooperate more broadly with external partners. Using cross-sectional data from the German contribution to the Community Innovation Survey (CIS), and exploiting detailed information on the extent to which firms could fill their job vacancies, we find that, on average, a one standard deviation increase in skills shortage more than doubles a firm’s cooperation breadth. We contribute to the literature on human capital in relation to open innovation by characterizing the necessity of openness as a way to mitigate the scarcity of skills. |
| Keywords: | open innovation, R&D collaboration, skills shortage |
| Date: | 2023–05–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ete:msiper:720361&r=cse |
| By: | James Harrigan; Ariell Reshef; Farid Toubal |
| Abstract: | We study the impact of techies—engineers and other technically trained workers—on firm-level productivity. We first report new facts on the role of techies in the firm by leveraging French administrative data and unique surveys. Techies are STEM-skill intensive and are associated with innovation, as well as with technology adoption, management, and diffusion within firms. Using structural econometric methods, we estimate the causal effect of techies on firm-level Hicks-neutral productivity in both manufacturing and non-manufacturing industries. We find that techies raise firm-level productivity, and this effect goes beyond the employment of R&D workers, extending to ICT and other techies. In non-manufacturing firms, the impact of techies on productivity operates mostly through ICT and other techies, not R&D workers. Engineers have a greater effect on productivity than technicians. |
| Keywords: | productivity, R&D, ICT, techies, STEM skills |
| JEL: | D20 D24 F10 F16 F60 F66 J20 J23 J24 O52 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_10468&r=cse |
| By: | Xiaolan Fu; Liu Shi |
| Abstract: | Innovation is a major driving force of long-term economic growth and sustainable development. Direction of innovation matters because technical change is not neutral and hence bears significant social, economic and environmental development implications. This paper contributes to the literature through a systematic examination of the direction of innovation in developing and emerging economies and its driving forces. It shows that innovation in the global South exhibits a vibrant and diverse landscape when we do not confine ourselves with traditional research and innovation indicators. While emerging economies are accelerating their pace in inventive activities in fields such as ICTs, biotech and engineering, low-income countries (LICs) are also found to be active in learning-based, incremental “under-the-radar innovations†(URIs). These URIs that are introduced through international technology transfer and indigenous innovative efforts. Indigenous sources of URIs play a primary role in LICs, contributed by localised learning-by-doing, close interaction with customers and embeddedness in regional production networks and clusters. However, insufficient role of the state, a low science and technology intensity and a lack of university-industry linkage limit the potential of URIs. International technology transfer is another important driver of technical change in developing countries. However, its strengthen varies across countries due to differences in host country policy, absorptive capacity, and the type of foreign economic engagement that they have as well as the inappropriateness of transferred foreign technologies mostly from Global North. Given the status of direction of innovation and its driving forces in developing countries, this report argues that the unfolding 4th industrial revolution poses both challenges and opportunities to LICs. Policy implications are discussed. |
| Keywords: | Indigenous innovation, technology transfer, direction of innovation, sources of innovation, government policy, under-the-radar innovation, open national innovation system, 4th industrial revolution, developing countries |
| JEL: | O3 O14 O19 O25 |
| Date: | 2022–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wip:wpaper:69&r=cse |
| By: | Asuamah Yeboah, Samuel |
| Abstract: | The manufacturing sector plays a crucial role in the economic development of Ghana. This review aims to analyse the existing studies that investigate the economic linkages and spillover effects of the manufacturing sector in Ghana. The review identifies a diverse range of research papers that explore various aspects of the manufacturing sector, including its contribution to economic growth, employment generation, technological innovation, foreign direct investment, and environmental sustainability. The studies employ different methodologies such as econometric modelling, panel data analysis, and qualitative case studies to examine the interactions and effects of the manufacturing sector on other sectors of the Ghanaian economy. The findings indicate that the manufacturing sector in Ghana has positive linkages and spill over effects, including forward and backward linkages with other sectors, the promotion of industrial clusters, and the potential for generating multiplier effects. The studies also highlight the challenges faced by the sector, such as limited access to credit, infrastructure deficiencies, and the need for technological upgrading. The review concludes by emphasizing the importance of policy interventions to promote the growth and competitiveness of the manufacturing sector in Ghana and maximize its positive economic impacts. |
| Keywords: | Manufacturing sector, Ghana, economic linkages, spill over effects, economic growth, employment generation, technological innovation, foreign direct investment, environmental sustainability, industrial clusters, policy interventions. |
| JEL: | L60 O14 O35 O55 |
| Date: | 2023–03–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:117662&r=cse |
| By: | Giovanni Barbieri; Santiago José Gahn |
| Abstract: | The aim of this Working Paper is to disseminate some of the research findings that emerged from the Project ‘Techno-scientific Platforms (PTS) and Communities of Reference. The Mind HumanTechnopole (M-HT) case in Milan’, funded by Fondazione Cariplo and conducted by CRANEC (Rif. 2020-0321) [It partially discloses them because it does not include the part concerning the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT) and its Knowledge and Innovation Communities (KICs)]. The Working Paper focuses on the European-wide process that led to the emergence of the European Technology Platforms (ETPs) model and the ways in which these have been reproduced and are being developed in Italy as Techno-Scientific Platforms. The topic is of particular relevance for many reasons. From the point of view of its international relevance, today the development of evolved techno-scientific capabilities is the pillar for building a knowledge-based economy that cannot disregard massive investments in R&D&I. For example, all investment policies related to the digital and climate transition are moving in this direction. In addition, the implementation of a knowledge-based economy also requires the deep revision of innovation policies, as well as the enhancement of the role of the 'innovator'. This role becomes central when connecting scientific research with industrial and process innovation in order to develop relevant techno-scientific capabilities that serve a specific socio-economic and industrial system. In this scenario, Techno-Scientific Platforms are a ‘hot’ topic that is here addressed by considering two fundamental aspects. One is that of the Italian NRRP and the measures contained within, under Mission 4 - Component 2, which in the context of this work can lead to the creation of real Techno-Scientific Platforms in Italy. The other aspect is the concrete experience of Mind-Human Technopole as a reference model in Italy for the creation of Techno-Scientific Platforms, in particular for its characteristics pertaining to the economic valorization of scientific research, the integration of reference scientific communities in life sciences, and the advancement of knowledge through scientific cooperation. |
| Keywords: | Italy, Technological Platforms, Innovation, Technical Change, Economic Growth |
| JEL: | O31 O38 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:crn:wpaper:crn2301&r=cse |
| By: | Bachtrögler-Unger, Julia; Balland, Pierre-Alexandre; Boschma, Ron; Schwab, Thomas |
| Abstract: | Technological capabilities vary substantially across European regions. Combining these diverse sets of capabilities is crucial to develop the technologies necessary to master the green and digital transition. However, collaboration between regions is sparse today. To increase inter-regional cooperation, linkages that spur the development of green and digital technologies must be identified. In this study, we provide an overview of inter-regional collaborations already in place and map new opportunities for these between regions. A special emphasis is placed on potential collaborations between economically leading and lagging regions. Our results provide new impetus for policy designs that strengthen regional innovation capabilities and cohesion across Europe’s regions. |
| Keywords: | Regional diversification; Relatedness; Technological capabilities; European Union; Europe; Cohesion |
| JEL: | B52 H54 O33 R11 |
| Date: | 2023–04–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:117485&r=cse |
| By: | Xing Shi (School of Economics, Hefei University of Technology); Yujie Zeng (School of Economics, Hefei University of Technology); Yanrui Wu (Business School, The University of Western Australia); Shuai Wang (School of Economics, Hefei University of Technology) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the reverse green innovation spillovers of outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) in Chinese multinational companies and how environmental regulation stringency in host countries moderates the relationship between OFDI and green innovation. The empirical analysis is based on an integrated dataset of publicly listed firms from 2008 to 2018. The findings demonstrate a significantly positive relationship between OFDI and the green innovation performance of multinational companies. It is also shown that environmental regulation stringency in host countries positively moderates the relationship between OFDI and green innovation. Further analysis reveals the variation of the findings across multinational companies in host countries at different development stages, with different ownership and in industries with different pollution intensities. The observations in this paper imply that the institutional environment of investment destinations matters for reverse technology spillovers, particularly reverse green technology spillovers from OFDI. |
| Keywords: | Outward foreign direct investment, Green innovation, Environmental regulation stringency, Chinese multinational companies |
| JEL: | F21 O30 Q55 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uwa:wpaper:23-05&r=cse |
| By: | Petković, Saša; Rastoka, Jelica; Radicic, Dragana |
| Abstract: | The relationship between firms’ exports and increases in productivity is generally regarded as positive. While the causal effects of process innovation are straightforward and positive, the effect of product innovation on productivity is ambiguous. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence on a joint effect that innovation and exports have on firms’ productivity. In our attempt to fill this gap, we explore individual and joint effects of innovation and exports on productivity by employing cross-sectional firm-level data. We use the sixth wave of the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS VI: 2018–2020) conducted by the EBRD and the World Bank. Using a stratified random sampling, the data was collected from interviews with representatives of randomly chosen firms from 32 countries. The overall results suggest that exporting firms are more productive than non-exporters, while the impact of innovation is more heterogeneous. Whereas EU and high-income countries reap the productivity benefits, this effect is absent in other regions and countries with medium and low-income levels. Finally, our results indicate the absence of a joint effect of innovation and exports on productivity, across different geographical regions and countries of different income levels. |
| Keywords: | exports; innovation; labor productivity; learning-by-exporting (LBE) |
| JEL: | R14 J01 |
| Date: | 2023–04–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:119329&r=cse |
| By: | Moore, Bradley Adam |
| Abstract: | This essay aims to investigate the significant role that entrepreneurship, marketing, Internet of Things (IoT), and artificial intelligence (AI) play in the transformation of startups into global enterprises. It explores how the integration of these four domains can drive innovation, enhance customer engagement, optimize operations, and foster business growth. The essay also discusses the challenges and opportunities that arise when leveraging entrepreneurship, marketing, IoT, and AI in the context of scaling up a business. Through a comprehensive analysis of relevant literature and case studies, this essay provides valuable insights into the interplay between these domains and their impact on the success of startups in the global marketplace. |
| Date: | 2023–06–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:hw9qm&r=cse |
| By: | Michele Battisti; Filippo Belloc; Massimo Del Gatto |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the empirical association between patents and various indicators of firm resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic with worldwide firm-level data from manufacturing industries. The study shows that patent-intensive firms have a reduced probability of exit, in particular if they are larger and if engaging with complementary investments in R&D and other intangibles. Additional estimates show that firm productivity has been an important transmission channel. Taken together, the results presented in the paper offer evidence-based findings pointing to patents as an important potential factor contributing to firm resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Policy insights are discussed. |
| Keywords: | Firm resilience, patents, productivity, COVID-19 |
| JEL: | D20 L60 O30 |
| Date: | 2023–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wip:wpaper:73&r=cse |
| By: | Dikshya Singh (South Asia Watch on Trade, Economics and Environment); Paras Kharel (South Asia Watch on Trade, Economics and Environment) |
| Abstract: | Challenges facing micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) have led to a proliferation of innovation support programmes in Nepal. This study examines the innovation support landscape in Nepal, describing existing policies and major innovation support programmes for MSMEs, presenting stakeholders’ views on the same, examining the availability of credible empirical evidence on the effectiveness of these policies and programmes, and identifying whether and to what extent they take into account equit , diversity and inclusion considerations. The study has a special focus on the support available to growthoriented startups and export promotion. |
| Keywords: | innovation, entrepreneurship, market development, private sector, government policies, SMEs, support programs, stakeholder mapping, key informant interviews, and literature review. |
| Date: | 2023–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:saw:rpaper:rp/23/01&r=cse |
| By: | Attila Lajos Makai; Tibor D\H{o}ry |
| Abstract: | The exploration of entrepreneurship has become a priority for scientific research in recent years. Understanding this phenomenon is particularly important for the transformation of entrepreneurship into action, which is a key factor in early-stage entrepreneurial activity. This gains particular relevance in the university environment, where, in addition to the conventional teaching and research functions, the entrepreneurial university operation based on open innovation, as well as the enhancement of entrepreneurial attitudes of researchers and students, are receiving increased attention. This study is based on a survey conducted among students attending a Hungarian university of applied science in Western Transdanubia Region who have demonstrated their existing entrepreneurial commitment by joining a national startup training and incubation programme. The main research question of the study is to what extent student entrepreneurship intention is influenced by the environment of the entrepreneurial university ecosystem and the support services available at the university. A further question is whether these factors are able to mitigate the negative effects of internal cognitive and external barriers by enhancing entrepreneurial attitudes and perceived behavioural control. The relatively large number of students involved in the programme allows the data to be analysed using SEM modelling. The results indicate a strong covariance between the perceived university support and environment among students. Another observation is the distinct effect of these institutional factors on perceived behavioural control of students. |
| Date: | 2023–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2306.09678&r=cse |