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on Economics of Strategic Management |
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Issue of 2021‒05‒31
twelve papers chosen by João José de Matos Ferreira Universidade da Beira Interior |
| By: | Giovanni Dosi; Francesco Lamperti; Mariana Mazzucato; Mauro Napoletano; Andrea Roventini |
| Abstract: | We study the impact of alternative innovation policies on the short- and long-run performance of the economy, as well as on public finances, extending the Schumpeter meeting Keynes agent- based model (Dosi et al., 2010). In particular, we consider market-based innovation policies such as R&D subsidies to firms, tax discount on investment, and direct policies akin to the "Entrepreneurial State" (Mazzucato, 2013), involving the creation of public research-oriented firms diffusing technologies along specific trajectories, and funding a Public Research Lab conducting basic research to achieve radical innovations that enlarge the technological opportunities of the economy. Simulation results show that all policies improve productivity and GDP growth, but the best outcomes are achieved by active discretionary State policies, which are also able to crowd-in private investment and have positive hysteresis effects on growth dynamics. For the same size of public resources allocated to market-based interventions, "Mission" innovation policies deliver significantly better aggregate performance if the government is patient enough and willing to bear the intrinsic risks related to innovative activities. |
| Keywords: | Innovation policy; mission-oriented R&D; entrepreneurial state; agent-based modelling. |
| Date: | 2021–05–24 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ssa:lemwps:2021/18&r= |
| By: | Calvo Fuentes, Maria Alejandra; Ponce Ponce, Citlaly Nohemi; Juarez Lugo, Kassandra Cristina |
| Abstract: | The aim of this paper is to analyze the different ways that allow addressing the issue of business competitiveness under the economic, political, social and cultural scenario at the municipal, regional, national and international levels, for which reason a documentary investigation is carried out considering its importance and its definition in the industry sector. It was obtained as a result that the most important factors in business competitiveness are innovation, flexibility, productivity and quality, moderately placing itself in a satisfactory category for customers, always considering the opportunity for improvement in technology, it is recommended to design strategies to strengthen resources and procedures used so that the productive sector is always competitive, where the organization promotes attitudes in favor of the strategic vision that are responsible for implementing best practices, generating positive effects on the performance of the human talent of employees. |
| Keywords: | Global market, effectiveness, efficiency, innovation, strategies, customer |
| JEL: | A1 G0 M0 |
| Date: | 2020–06–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:107856&r= |
| By: | Masahito Ambashi (Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)) |
| Abstract: | Foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade will continue to play an important role in the assimilation of the latest technologies within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Member States (AMS). However, it is also necessary for ASEAN firms to enhance their own innovation capabilities to create new business opportunities. Fostering this innovation requires developing human resources by not only equipping workers with appropriate knowledge and the skills needed by the manufacturing industry, but also nurturing ‘technology entrepreneurs’ who can innovate using the latest information and communication technology. While AMS can accelerate technology adoption by strengthening networks, particularly with developed countries, they also need to create unique ‘product innovation’ of goods and services in addition to cost-reducing ‘process innovation.’ With respect to national innovation systems, AMS can use ‘leapfrogging’ (skipping development stages) and ‘feedback’ (introducing advanced technologies into old industries) development strategies based on the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) and establish an ‘innovation niche’ that is competitive, attractive, and unique to the rest of the world. This policy brief presents goals, analyses, and policy recommendations on human resource development, technology adoption, and innovation to achieve quality growth in the era of new industrialisation. |
| Date: | 2020–07–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:era:wpaper:pb-2020-06&r= |
| By: | Valentina Tartari; Scott Stern |
| Abstract: | This paper provides systematic empirical evidence for the distinctive role of universities on local entrepreneurial ecosystems. Assessing the impact of research institutions on entrepreneurship is challenging, given that these institutions are often located in economic and innovation environments conducive to growth-oriented entrepreneurial activity, are themselves a source of local demand, and produce knowledge, which might serve as the foundation for new ventures. To overcome this inference challenge, we first combine comprehensive business registration records with a predictive analytics approach to measure both the quantity and quality-adjusted quantity of entrepreneurship at the zip-code level on an annual basis. We then link each location to the presence or absence of research-oriented universities or national laboratories. Finally, we exploit significant changes over time in Federal commitments to both universities and national laboratories. Our key finding is that changes in Federal research commitments to universities are uniquely linked to positively correlated changes in the quality-adjusted quantity of entrepreneurship. In contrast, increases in non-research funding to universities and funding to national laboratories is associated with either a neutral or negative impact on the quality-adjusted quantity of entrepreneurship. Research funding to universities seems to play a unique role in promoting the acceleration of local entrepreneurial ecosystems. |
| JEL: | L26 O3 R12 |
| Date: | 2021–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:28846&r= |
| By: | Pradhan, Jaya Prakash; Husain, Tareef |
| Abstract: | The development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) sector is a key policy priority as these enterprises play a critical role in the growth and development process of any economy. The present study is motivated to explore the regional dimensions of entry of new SMEs across Indian states and sectors covering an extensive study period 1980─2007. It further expands the literature on formation of firms from the sub-national perspective, empirically uncovering regional factors that significantly determine the formation of new firms. Findings suggest that new SME formation in India is characterized by a concentrated regional pattern during the study period with a few regions accounting for disproportionate share of the number of new SMEs formed. Also, Indian sub-national entities exhibited considerably disparity in the entry rate of new SMEs. Regional factors like local market size, availability of skills, technological specialization of manufacturing sector, land transportation networks, and entrepreneurial culture tend to play positive role in the formation rate of SMEs in Indian states. |
| Keywords: | SMEs, India, Regions, Entry Rate |
| JEL: | L11 L26 R11 |
| Date: | 2021–05–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:25061&r= |
| By: | Calvo Fuentes, Maria Alejandra; Ponce Ponce, Citlaly Nohemi; Juarez Lugo, Kassandra Cristina |
| Abstract: | The objective of this article is to analyze the different ways that allow addressing the issue of business competitiveness under the economic, political, social and cultural scenario at the municipal, regional, national and international levels, for which a documentary investigation is developed when considering its importance and its definition in the industrial sector. It was obtained as a result that the most important factors in business competitiveness are innovation, flexibility, productivity and quality, being moderately located in a satisfactory category for customers, always considering the opportunity for improvement in terms of technology, it is recommended to design strategies to strengthen the Resources and procedures used so that the productive sector is always competitive, where the organization promotes attitudes in favor of the strategic vision that are in charge of implementing the best practices, generating positive effects on the performance of the human talent of the employees. |
| Keywords: | Global market, effectiveness, efficiency, innovation, strategies, customer |
| JEL: | G0 M0 P0 |
| Date: | 2020–04–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:107857&r= |
| By: | Santillán, Irma; Narro, Stephanie |
| Abstract: | The study and analysis of various topics is presented, with the appropriate and formal structure of competitiveness indices in order to measure the elaboration of the Graduate School of Public Administration and Public Policy of the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Studies. So that the international ones, these indices are characterized by using relevant information according to the topics to be investigated, also eight studies have been published in the last 18 years, on the other hand there is another analysis of national competitiveness that is presented annually by the company regional consultant which provides information to make decisions through its systemic competitiveness index of the federal entities. Thus, alliances between micro-enterprises increase certain elements such as skills, purchasing power and experience; on the other hand, costs in shared purchases are reduced which generate significant savings in the acquisition of inputs and disparities in regional development in Tamaulipas, Mexico, however, it promotes perspectives on globalization that equate it to the process of economic internationalization, not However, from a functional perspective, Scholte and Dicken maintain that globalization gives rise to processes that are qualitatively different from internationalization. Mexico promotes university social service as a strategy of continuous improvement through experience. It has also developed a series of studies on this situation, one of the most important is that of persons with disabilities in Mexico, a census vision, in which it presents specific characteristics and current statistics of this condition, according to data from 2007, Mexico is located in the category of high human development, very close of countries like Uruguay and Chile and staying above Latin American countries like Brazil and Peru. The international organization for standardization mentions that in the reference framework introduced in the iso 14001 standard, there are clauses that increase some benefits to current and new users, supporting them to understand more fully the importance of a system approach. |
| Keywords: | Acquisition, organization, indices, economics, statistics, focus. |
| JEL: | A1 |
| Date: | 2020–05–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:107911&r= |
| By: | BENEDETTI FASIL Cristiana (European Commission - JRC); DEL RIO Juan Carlos (European Commission - JRC); DOMNICK Clemens (European Commission - JRC); FAKO Peter (European Commission - JRC); FLACHENECKER Florian (European Commission - JRC); GAVIGAN James (European Commission - JRC); JANIRI Mario (European Commission - JRC); STAMENOV Blagoy; TESTA Giuseppina (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | High growth enterprises (HGEs) make a disproportionately high contribution to job creation and economic growth. Through their frequently innovative, technology-based character, they also can have a significant impact on industrial renewal, sectoral productivity and regional competitiveness. This report examines the EU’s economies through the lens of HGEs and those enterprises benefiting from venture capital investments which have the characteristics or aspiration to achieve very high rates of growth. Specific analyses on eco-innovation, digitalization and the role of HGEs in previous recessions and recoveries are covered. A series of factsheets consisting of snapshot graphs and figures – one for each of the EU27 member states - based on the analyses which are developed collectively for the EU in the main body of the report are integral part of the report. |
| Keywords: | High growth enterprises, HGEs, COVID-19 |
| Date: | 2021–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc124469&r= |
| By: | Chen, Jiaqi; Lee, Sang-Ho |
| Abstract: | This study compares Cournot and Bertrand firms with research and development (R&D) competition under government policies between output and R&D subsidies. We demonstrate that firms invest more (less) in R&D and the government grants more (less) subsidies under Cournot than Bertrand competition with output (R&D) subsidy policies. We also reveal that both competition modes yield the same welfare with output subsidy while Bertrand yields higher welfare than Cournot with R&D subsidy irrespective of product substitutability. Finally, we show that firms’ profits and social welfare are always higher under output subsidies in Cournot competition, while they can be higher under R&D subsidies in Bertrand competition if the product substitutability is high and the firm’s R&D investment is efficient. |
| Keywords: | Cournot; Bertrand; R&D investment; Output Subsidy; R&D subsidy |
| JEL: | H21 L13 |
| Date: | 2021–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:107949&r= |
| By: | Nicola Bianchi; Michela Giorcelli |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the long-term and spillover effects of management interventions on firm performance. Under the Training Within Industry (TWI) program, the U.S. government provided management training to firms involved in war production between 1940 and 1945. Using a newly collected panel dataset on all 11,575 U.S. firms that applied to the program, we find that the TWI training had positive and long-lasting effects on firm performance and the adoption of beneficial managerial practices. Moreover, it generated complementarities among different types of training and had positive spillover effects on the supply chain of trained firms. |
| JEL: | J24 L2 M2 M5 N34 N64 O15 O32 O33 |
| Date: | 2021–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:28833&r= |
| By: | , Michelle |
| Abstract: | Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have a very vital role in the development and economic growth in Indonesia. According to the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs, in 2020, MSMEs have a total of 60% contribution to the Gross Domestic Bruto and 90% contribution to the national workforce absorption. Therefore, the recovery of MSMEs is very important for the well-being of the national economy. The Covid-19 pandemic must encourage MSMEs actors to transform their businesses if they want to survive. Business digitalization during the Covid-19 pandemic is growing faster. Therefore, the recovery of MSMEs cannot be separated from the utilization of information technology |
| Date: | 2021–05–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:uj83w&r= |
| By: | Ganguly, Madhuparna |
| Abstract: | We analyze the relationship between innovation attributes and competition intensity in a framework of endogenous knowledge spillover due to scientist mobility, and identify the effects of stronger patents on innovation at different levels of product market competition. We �nd non-monotone relations of patenting propensity, innovation incentives and investment in R&D, and monotone relation of scientist mobility, with potential product market competition intensity. The study further shows that stronger patent laws reduce (increase) innovation profitability (R&D expenditure) when the market for the new product is moderately competitive, and have no effect otherwise. The results suggest important implications for patent policy reforms. |
| Keywords: | Competition intensity; Innovation; Patent strength; Scientist mobility |
| JEL: | D43 J60 L11 L13 O34 |
| Date: | 2021–05–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:107831&r= |