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on Economics of Strategic Management |
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Issue of 2020‒12‒07
nine papers chosen by João José de Matos Ferreira Universidade da Beira Interior |
| By: | Rene Belderbos; Boris Lokshin; Christophe Boone; Jojo Jacob |
| Abstract: | We investigate how international diversity in Top Management Teams (TMTs) contributes to the effectiveness of geographically dispersed R&D strategies in enhancing innovation performance. Both international work experience and nationality diversity may enhance the effectiveness of geographically dispersed R&D when there is alignment between the countries of work experience and nationality of TMT members, on the one hand, and firms’ R&D locations on the other. This influence is stronger for international work experience diversity than for nationality diversity, as the former provides more task-related knowledge to coordinate R&D activities and is less associated with the risk of social categorization. We find partial support for these notions in a panel analysis of the innovation performance of 165 leading MNCs based in Europe, Japan and the United States. |
| Keywords: | diversity, innovation, internationalization, MNCs, R&D, Top Management Teams (TMTs) |
| Date: | 2020–11–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ete:msiper:663275&r=all |
| By: | Peter Horvát (OECD); Colin Webb (OECD) |
| Abstract: | This paper summarises and describes the variables, industries, methods and sources used in the construction of the STructural ANalysis (STAN) industry database. The STAN database serves as a tool for analysing industrial performance at a relatively detailed level of industrial activity. It includes annual measures of output, value added and its components, as well as labour input, investment and capital stock from 1970 onwards. This allows for a wide range of comparative cross-country analyses focusing on, for example, productivity growth, competitiveness and economic structural change. A standard industry list allows for comparisons across countries and provides sufficient detail to focus on, for example, high R&D-intensive activities, high digital-intensive activities or detailed ICT industries. The industry list is compatible with those used in related OECD industry databases. |
| Date: | 2020–11–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:stiaaa:2020/10-en&r=all |
| By: | OECD |
| Abstract: | The characteristics of innovative start-up firms in South Tyrol, the northernmost province of Italy, entirely mountainous, hosting a high-income population belonging to three main language groups. This work is part of a series of thematic papers on sub-national start-up landscapes in Italy, produced by the OECD Trento Centre for Local Development. It represents a first attempt to analyse the effect of the Italian policy framework for young innovative firms at the local level. South Tyrol is home to a relatively small number of registered innovative start-ups, pointing to the presence of obstacles to policy transfer. Evidence suggests that language barriers may play a critical role. Firm dynamism, in particular high-growth and exit trends, the spread of emerging technologies among local start-ups as well as their propensity to uptake national incentives are other major focuses of this work, which concludes with a set of evidence-based recommendations for policy-makers. |
| Keywords: | artificial intelligence, entrepreneurship, firm growth, innovation, local development, multi-level governance, policy adoption, start-up |
| JEL: | D22 L26 M13 O38 R12 |
| Date: | 2020–11–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:cfeaaa:2020/07-en&r=all |
| By: | Yusuke Oh (Bank of Japan); Koji Takahashi (Bank of Japan) |
| Abstract: | We investigate innovation dynamics in Japanese listed firms by calculating an indicator for the accumulation of innovation based on patent citations, the gcitation stock. h The calculated citation stock has decreased since the mid-2000s, which implies that the pace of innovation accumulation at Japanese listed firms has slowed. Using the citation stock, we show that an increase in a firm fs citation stock contributes to its productivity growth and that the citation stock provides information on whether research and development (R&D) leads to innovation that cannot be captured by focusing on the amount of R&D investment alone. In addition, we find that while higher R&D investment is associated with new innovation, the efficiency of R&D investment in Japan has decreased in recent years. Such a decrease in the efficiency of R&D investment has been reported not only for Japanese firms but also for a wide range of fields around the world, so that firms and research institutions are attempting to maintain the pace of innovation by increasing the number of researchers and research spending. For Japan, where it is difficult to increase the number of researchers due to the declining population, it is important to improve the quality of research through various efforts such as increasing the diversity of researchers. |
| Keywords: | productivity; patent data; innovation; R&D |
| JEL: | O31 E23 D24 |
| Date: | 2020–11–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:boj:bojwps:wp20e07&r=all |
| By: | Hossan, Dalowar |
| Abstract: | The aim of this study is to investigate the factors influencing the entrepreneurial success of rural women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. Non-probability sampling specifically convenience sampling is used to draw the sample and data is collected using the self-administered survey. Regression analysis and descriptive statistics are used to analyze the data. The study discloses that motivational factors, government policy and financial support have significant influence on the rural women entrepreneurial success in Bangladesh. Due to lack of suitable training and proper development as well as ICT knowledge, the rural women of Bangladesh could not accomplish the achievement. Half of the total populations of Bangladesh are female and most of them live in rural areas. Therefore, the government and the policymakers in Bangladesh should develop the potential of rural women entrepreneurs by providing development facilities, proper training, and ICT knowledge. |
| Date: | 2020–11–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:4ajkf&r=all |
| By: | OECD |
| Abstract: | This paper offers an in-depth analysis of the characteristics of innovative start-up firms in Trentino, a high-income mountainous area in the North East of Italy. This work is part of a series of thematic papers on regional start-up landscapes in Italy, produced by the OECD Trento Centre for Local Development. Following the 2018 OECD Evaluation of the Italian Start-up Act, which embraced a national perspective, it represents a first attempt to analyse the impact of this policy at the local level. Among Italian regions, Trentino boasts the highest density of registered innovative start-ups over all young firms established locally. However, innovative start-ups spread unevenly throughout this territory, concentrating in urban areas. Female and young founders are less prevalent than in Italy at large. Firm dynamism, in particular high-growth and exit trends, the uptake of emerging technologies among local start-ups as well as their propensity to use national incentives are other key areas of this work, which concludes with a set of evidence-based recommendations for policy makers. |
| Keywords: | artificial intelligence, entrepreneurship, firm dynamism, innovation, local development, policy adoption, start-up |
| JEL: | D22 L26 M13 O38 R12 |
| Date: | 2020–11–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:cfeaaa:2020/09-en&r=all |
| By: | Setyowati, Endah; Suharto, Suharto; Subagja, Iwan Kurniawan |
| Abstract: | This study aims to: 1) test and analyze the role of knowledge management and competence in innovation, 2) test and analyze the role of knowledge management and competence on organizational performance, 3) test and analyze the role of innovation on organizational performance, 4) test and analyze the role of management knowledge of organizational performance through innovation, 5) testing and analyzing the role of competence on organizational performance through innovation, and 6) testing and analyzing the role of knowledge management and employee competence on organizational performance through innovation at PDAM Ketapang Regency. The research was conducted by PDAM Ketapang Regency employees, totaling 71 employees. The sampling technique uses saturated samples. Methods of data analysis using descriptive analysis and quantitative analysis with path analysis. The results showed that: 1) there was an influence on the role of knowledge management and competence on innovation, 2) there was an influence on the role of knowledge management and competence on organizational performance, 3) there was an influence on the role of innovation on organizational performance, 4) there was an influence on the role of knowledge management on organizational performance through innovation, 5) there is an influence on the role of competence on organizational performance through innovation, and 6) there is an influence on the role of knowledge management and employee competence on organizational performance through innovation at PDAM Ketapang Regency. |
| Keywords: | Knowledge Management, Competence, Innovation, Organizational Performance |
| JEL: | M2 |
| Date: | 2020–09–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:103947&r=all |
| By: | Eun Jung Kim; Annabelle Mourougane; Mark Baker |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the link between barriers to trade and investment and productivity performance, in the United Kingdom and selected European countries using both firm-level and sectoral data. Barriers to trade and investment appear to be a robust determinant of productivity in the long term. Control variables such as spending on R&D and human capital also play a role, though their effects depend on the way they are measured or on the sample. The results are robust across a range of productivity measures as well as to changes in the sectoral coverage and the set of controls. |
| Keywords: | barriers to trade and investment, firm-level, productivity, sectoral |
| JEL: | C23 D24 F13 |
| Date: | 2020–11–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:1630-en&r=all |
| By: | Mattia Guerini; Philipp Harting; Mauro Napoletano |
| Abstract: | We develop a model to study the impact of corporate governance on firm investment decisions and industry competition. In the model, governance structure affects the distribution of shares among short- and long-term oriented investors, the robustness of the management regarding possible stockholder interference, and the managerial remuneration scheme. A bargaining process between firm's stakeholders determines the optimal allocation of financial resources between real investments in R&D and financial investments in shares buybacks. We characterize the relation between corporate governance and firm's optimal investment strategy and we study how different governance structures shape technical progress and the degree of competition over the industrial life cycle. Numerical simulations of a calibrated set-up of the model show that pooling together industries characterized by heterogeneous governance structures generate the well-documented inverted-U shaped relation between competition and innovation. |
| Keywords: | governance structure; industry dynamics; competition; technical change. |
| Date: | 2020–11–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ssa:lemwps:2020/35&r=all |