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on MENA - Middle East and North Africa |
| By: | Adel Ben Youssef (Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, GREDEG, France); Mounir Dahmani (University of Gafsa); Mohamed Wael Ben Khaled (ThÉMA, ESC Tunis, University of Manouba; Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, GREDEG, France) |
| Abstract: | The transition to low-carbon energy systems in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is critical for environmental protection, energy security, and socio-economic resilience. This paper uses neo-institutional theory to examine the impact of formal and informal institutions on the region's energy transition. Despite abundant renewable energy resources, governance inefficiencies, regulatory inconsistencies, and entrenched socio-cultural norms hinder progress. Through a literature review, the study presents an analytical framework focused on the Just and Sustainable Energy Transition (JSET) model, which emphasizes equity, sustainability, and inclusive governance. The study offers recommendations for institutional change and highlights the importance of collaboration among governments, industry stakeholders, and international partners to unlock the region's renewable energy potential and advance global sustainability goals. |
| Keywords: | Renewable energy, low-carbon transition, institutional barriers, neo-institutional economics, energy policy, MENA region |
| JEL: | Q42 Q54 Q58 O13 P48 |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gre:wpaper:2024-22 |
| By: | Eduardo Amaral Haddad; Karim El Aynaoui; Abdelaaziz Ait Ali; Mahmoud Arbouch; Hamza Saoudi |
| Abstract: | The earthquake’s overall impact on growth is estimated to be around -0.24% of GDP in 2023. - Due to the spatial concentration of the earthquake, Al-Haouz province and the Marrakesh region experienced Gross Regional Product (GRP) losses of -10.2% and -1.3%, respectively. - The 120 billion Moroccan dirhams (MAD) recovery program will have only mild positive impacts on overall macroeconomic growth from 2023 to 2028 but will significantly benefit the High Atlas region due to the reallocation of resources from non-affected to affected areas. - The overall macroeconomic impact is significantly influenced by the decision regarding the financing package, whether through new funds (debt) or investment reallocation. - However, this decision results in minor differences in the substantial positive impacts on the High Atlas region. |
| Date: | 2024–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ocp:ppaper:pb33-24 |
| By: | Aymen Abbadi (LUMEN - Lille University Management Lab - ULR 4999 - Université de Lille); Yosra Hichri |
| Abstract: | This paper studies the effects of convergence towards International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on audit quality in the MENA region. The choice of this region is justified by its attractiveness and its strong economic potential given the strong growth observed during last few years. Through the empirical study carried out, we study the moderating role of earnings management on the relationship between convergence towards IFRS standards and audit quality. The methodology used is a multiple regression which uses the least squares method. The processing of the data collected allowed us to observe that the higher the degree of convergence towards IFRS, the better the audit quality. This improvement is manifested in the positive nature of the audit opinion expressed by the auditor. Our results show that earnings management has no moderating effect on the relationship between convergence towards IFRS and audit quality. However, the convergence towards IFRS increases the requirements of users who are looking for more qualitative information. |
| Abstract: | Ce papier étudie les effets de la convergence vers les normes internationales d'information financière (IFRS) sur la qualité de l'audit dans la région MENA. Le choix de cette région se justifie par son attractivité et son fort potentiel économique compte tenu de la forte croissance qu'elle connait au cours des dernières années. A travers l'étude empirique menée, nous étudions le rôle modérateur de la gestion du résultat sur la relation entre la convergence vers les normes IFRS et la qualité d'audit. La méthodologie utilisée dans cette étude est une régression multiple qui mobilise la méthode des moindres carrés. Le traitement des données collectées nous a permis de constater que plus le degré de convergence vers les IFRS est élevé, plus la qualité d'audit est meilleure. Cette amélioration se manifeste dans la nature positive de l'opinion d'audit exprimée par l'auditeur Nos résultats montrent que la gestion du résultat n'a pas d'effet modérateur sur la relation entre la convergence vers les IFRS et la qualité d'audit. Néanmoins, la convergence vers les IFRS accroît les exigences des utilisateurs qui sont à la recherche d'informations plus qualitatives. |
| Keywords: | IFRS, earnings management, audit quality, audit opinion., IFRS, gestion des résultats, qualité de l'audit, opinion IFRS, earnings management, audit quality, audit opinion |
| Date: | 2024–05–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04696190 |
| By: | Göksu; Sabuncuolu; Kerem Yavuz Arslanli |
| Abstract: | Real estate access has become increasingly challenging due to high property costs and financial difficulties in Turkey especially major cities like Istanbul.These limitations have restricted the opportunity for individual and small-scale investors to participate in large real estate projects. However, solutions such as fractional ownership concepts and real estate investment funds have emerged to overcome these challenges and democratise real estate investments.Fractional ownership divides large properties into smaller shares, offering investors the advantage of acquiring these properties at a lower cost. This model enables individuals and small-scale investors to own real estate assets with smaller amounts of capital. Another effective method that has gained prominence alongside these solutions is real estate tokenization.Real estate tokenization involves converting properties into digital assets, allowing investors to become property owners with more minor, fragmented shares. This facilitates participation in real estate projects with smaller amounts of capital, and investors can hold property ownership through digital tokens. Tokenization manages these transactions transparently and reliably, providing a faster and more cost-effective investment process.To democratise real estate access in Turkey, various financial tools, combined with solutions brought by the digital revolution, offer investors a broader and more effective range of investment opportunities. As a result, the real estate sector becomes more accessible and diversified, leading to healthier growth for individual investors and the industry.In this research, existing fractional ownership practices in Turkey are examined, and solutions for the challenges of regulating tokenisation are proposed by referencing various applications of real estate investment funds. A new model of real estate tokenisation, named 'ISToken' (Istanbul Token), is introduced, offering technological, legal, and financial solutions to make the real estate sector more accessible and liquid. |
| Keywords: | DLT; Smart Contract; STO; tokenization |
| JEL: | R3 |
| Date: | 2024–01–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arz:wpaper:eres2024-019 |
| By: | Koundouri, Phoebe; Papayiannis, Georgios I.; Vassilopoulos, Achilleas; Yannacopoulos, Athanasios N. |
| Abstract: | This study presents a novel approach to assessing food security risks at the national level, employing a probabilistic scenario-based framework that integrates both Shared Socioeco-nomic Pathways (SSP) and Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP). This innovative method allows each scenario, encompassing socio-economic and climate factors, to be treated as a model capable of generating diverse trajectories. This approach offers a more dynamic understanding of food security risks under varying future conditions. The paper details the methodologies employed, showcasing their applicability through a focused analysis of food security challenges in Egypt and Ethiopia, and underscores the importance of considering a spectrum of socio-economic and climatic factors in national food security assessments. |
| Keywords: | food security risk, model uncertainty, probabilistic projections risk quantification, Representative Concentration Pathways, Shared Socioeconomic Pathways |
| JEL: | H0 H5 I3 L1 O1 |
| Date: | 2023–12–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122007 |
| By: | Bair, Sabrine; Miquel-Florensa, Josepa; Ozyilmaz, Hakan |
| Abstract: | This study examines the underadoption of digital wallets as network goods through a field experiment conducted in Jordan. We elicit consumers’ and merchants’ willingness-to-pay (WTP) for interoperable mobile wallets using an incentive-compatible mechanism and measure their expectations regarding cross-market adoption. Our findings indicate a low demand for digital wallets across both sides of the market, with consumers and merchants willing to pay approximately 35% and 40% of the market price, respectively. While consumers’ aggregate expectations of merchant adoption are accurate, they exhibit considerable individual heterogeneity. Crucially, consumers’ sensitivity to cross-network effects is limited: a 1 p.p. increase in crossside adoption expectations translates into a 0.013 USD increase in WTP. Meanwhile, merchants significantly underestimate consumer adoption and demonstrate approximately half the sensitivity of consumers to cross-side network effects. These results hold significant implications for designing interventions that exploit network effects in order to increase digital wallet adoption. |
| Keywords: | financial inclusion, network effects, digital wallet, digital financial literacy |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tse:wpaper:129817 |
| By: | Duvan, Osman Berke |
| Abstract: | Bu çalışma neoliberal ekonomi politikalarının hâkim olduğu 1980’lerden günümüze Türkiye’de büyük sanayi kuruluşlarındaki dönüşümün genel hatlarını istihdam, verimlilik ve bölüşüm perspektifinden incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Türkiye’nin büyük sanayi kuruluşlarında, bu zaman aralığında yaşanan dönüşümler emek-sermaye ilişkilerini de şüphesiz etkilemiştir. 1994-2009 döneminde büyük sanayi kuruluşlarının istihdam yaratma kapasitesi zayıflamış, istihdamsız büyüme olgusu bu kuruluşlar özelinde tecrübe edilmiştir. Krizler emek ve sermaye ile sermayenin kendi arasındaki ilişkilerin yeniden tanzim edildiği dönemlerdir. 2001’den sonra İSO 500 kuruluşlarında emek verimliliği ile reel ücret artışları arasındaki bağ, emek aleyhine kopmuştur. Sanayinin yarattığı katma değerin paylaşımında sanayi ve finans sermayesi arasındaki bölüşüm dengesi de sanayi lehine çözümlenmiştir. 2020’de yaşanan COVID-19 krizi ve ardından ekonomi politikalarında gerçekleştirilen değişiklikler bölüşüm perspektifinden sanayi kuruluşları lehine sonuçlar vermiştir. 2022’de büyük sanayi kuruluşlarının üretim sürecinde yaratılan net katma değerden aldığı pay rekor kırarken, emeğin katma değerden aldığı pay son 40 yılın en düşük seviyesine inmiştir. |
| Keywords: | İstihdam, Verimlilik, Bölüşüm, Sanayi, İSO 500 |
| JEL: | J3 O11 P12 P16 |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:120074 |