|
on MENA - Middle East and North Africa |
| By: | Christian Vallar (CERDACFF - Centre d’Etudes et de Recherche en Droit Administratif, Constitutionnel, Financier et Fiscal - UNS - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) - COMUE UCA - COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) - UCA - Université Côte d'Azur) |
| Abstract: | Turkey has a decisive role at the heart of Eastern geopolitics, particularly because of its membership of NATO. Since the akp (Justice and Development Party) and its leader Recep Tayyip Erdogan (Turkish Muslim Brotherhood Islamism) came to power, foreign policy has seen a growing effervescence. This leads to impacts on organizations in terms of economic and energy development. Neo-Ottomanism, an expression of imperial nostalgia, led Ankara alongside Baku, on the Balkan route, but also to head towards North Africa, from Libya to Algeria and Tunisia, with varying successes. The Syrian crisis forces it to share with Russia the attempts to resolve the conflict. One constant is that of the obsession with the Kurdish threat, within Turkey but also on its borders, which leads to the repeated interventionism in Syria and Iraq. Finally, the White Sea, Turkey's qualifier for the eastern Mediterranean, attractsTurkish covetousness because of its hydrocarbon resources, causing a conflict situation with its neighbors. Nevertheless, President Erdogan's pragmatism leads him to temper his excesses, and to move closer to the monarchies of the Gulf, Egypt and Israel, without omitting his role as mediator between Ukraine and Russia. |
| Abstract: | La Turquie a un rôle déterminant au coeur de la géopolitique orientale, en particulier du fait de son appartenance à l'OTAN. Depuis l'arrivée au pouvoir de l'AKP (Parti de la Justice et du développement) et de son chef Recep Tayyip Erdogan (islamisme des Frères musulmans turcs), la politique étrangère a connu une effervescence croissante. Celle-ci conduit à des incidences sur les organisations en matière de développement économique et énergétique. Le néo ottomanisme, expression de la nostalgie impériale, amène Ankara aux côtés de Bakou, sur la route des Balkans, mais aussi à se diriger vers l'Afrique du Nord, de la Libye à l'Algérie et la Tunisie, avec des succès variables. La crise syrienne l'oblige à partager avec la Russie, les tentatives de résolution du conflit. Une constante est celle de l'obsession de la menace kurde, au sein de la Turquie mais aussi à ses frontières, ce qui amène l'interventionnisme réitéré en Syrie et en Irak. Enfin, la mer blanche, qualificatif turc de la Méditerranée orientale, attire la convoitise turque du fait de ses ressources en hydrocarbures, provoquant une situation conflictuelle avec ses voisins. Néanmoins, le pragmatisme du président Erdogan l'amène à tempérer ses excès, et à se rapprocher des monarchies du Golfe, de l'Egypte et d'Israël, sans omettre son rôle de médiateur entre Ukraine et Russie. |
| Keywords: | Neo-Ottomanism,NATO,Kurdish-White Sea question,Hegemony,Economic development,Néo ottomanisme,OTAN,Question kurde-mer blanche,Hégémonie,Développement économique |
| Date: | 2022–07–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03736195&r= |
| By: | Natalia Khalina (Altai State University) |
| Abstract: | The article analyzes the linguistic processes that determine and accompany the events of the last century, in terms of linguistics marked by the consequences of linguistic turn in philosophy and historiography. Language management is considered as the main language process, significant events are the creation of the Republican Turkey and the Turkic Council. The stages of language management are differentiated on the basis of detailed terminological descriptions of language transformations in Turkey, presented in the article Shayan Salehi ‘The Significance of Turkish Language Reforms of Early Republican Turkey in the Creation of the Modern Turkish Nation-State", and allowing to reconstruct cognitive chains-sequences of work on the creation of a new Turkish semiotic unity. The creation of the Turkic (Turkish) language is considered as a media form, semiotic "transposition" and continuation of the Turkish language management of the 30s of the twentieth century. Council and Media Forum of the Turkish- speaking countries and communities. |
| Abstract: | В статье анализируются языковые процессы, определяющие и сопровождающие события последнего столетия, в языковедческом плане отмеченного последствиями лингвистического поворота в философии и историографии. В качестве основного языкового процесса рассматривается языковой менеджмент, значимых событийсоздание Республиканской Турции и Тюркского Совета. Этапы языкового менеджмента дифференцируются на основе детальных терминологических описаний языковых преобразований в Турции, представленных в статье Shayan Salehi "The Significance of Turkish Language Reforms of Early Republican Turkey in the Creation of the Modern Turkish Nation-State" и позволяющих реконструировать когнитивные цепочки-последовательности работы по созданию нового турецкого семиотического единства. В качестве медийной формы, семиотического «переложения» и продолжения турецкого языкового менеджмента 30-ых гг. ХХ века рассматривается создание Тюркского (Турецкого) Совета и Media forum of the Turkicspeaking countries and communities. |
| Keywords: | Turkish language,language management,language consciousness,Republic of Turkey,Turkic world,Turkic Council,cognitive flexibility,conceptual topology,Media forum of the Turkish-speaking countries and communities,media cooperation,турецкий язык,языковой менеджмент,языковое сознание,Республика Турция,Тюркский мир,Тюркский совет,когнитивная пластичность,концептуальная топология,Media forum of the Turkic-speaking countries and communities,медиа кооперация |
| Date: | 2022–03–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03747898&r= |
| By: | Ali Sekkach (UIT - Université Ibn Tofaïl); Nabil Boubrahimi (UIT - Université Ibn Tofaïl) |
| Abstract: | Morocco is an oil-importing country. This dependency raises the likelihood that changes in oil prices may have an impact on its economic growth. This study aims to investigate the existence of an impact of oil prices on economic growth for the period of 1990 to 2020 using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model of Co-integration. Results show no significant relationship between oil prices, human capital formation and economic growth for the period of study. However, the increase in gross fixed capital formation has a significant positive impact on the Moroccan economy. |
| Abstract: | Le Maroc est un pays importateur de pétrole. Cette dépendance augmente la probabilité que les variations des prix du pétrole puissent avoir un impact sur sa croissance économique. Cette étude vise à étudier l'existence d'un impact des prix du pétrole sur la croissance économique pour la période de 1990 à 2020 en utilisant le modèle autorégressif à retards échelonnésou distribués(ARDL). Les résultats ne montrent aucune relation significative entre les prix du pétrole, la formation de capital humain et la croissance économique pour la période d'étude. Cependant, l'augmentation de la formation brute de capital fixe a un impact positif et significatif sur l'économie marocaine. |
| Keywords: | Oil price,economic growth,Morocco,ARDL model,GDP,Prix du pétrole,croissance économique,Maroc,modèle ARDL,PIB |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03748687&r= |
| By: | Khalid Didi (UM5 - Université Mohammed V de Rabat [Agdal]); Hicham Attouch |
| Date: | 2022–03–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03746998&r= |
| By: | Khalid Didi (Université Mohamed V - Souissi); Hicham Attouch (Université Mohamed V - Souissi) |
| Keywords: | Coopérative,Dynamique,Economie Sociale,Action publique,Développement. |
| Date: | 2022–07–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03745669&r= |
| By: | Bigerna, Simona; D'Errico, Maria Chiara; Polinori, Paolo; Simshauer, Paul |
| Abstract: | Over time, Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries have accumulated large oil portfolio revenues. But the world economy is seeking to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and in turn, its reliance on fossil fuel resources through ongoing investments in renewable energy resources. In this article, we construct oil portfolios for four of the GCC countries (viz. Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Oman) and focus on their top five importing counterparties. Portfolio returns (quantity and price) have been derived between 2008-2018 with volatility spillovers computed via Diebold and Yilmaz’s dynamic spillover index approach. The spillover analysis shows a consistent reallocation effect amongst spillover directions together with their generalized increases. The structural rigidity of oil demand was confirmed with ‘quantity’ Total Volatility Spillovers being lower than ‘price’ Total Volatility Spillovers. Analysis of net contributors for both kinds of volatility found China to be a “net transferer” in quantity spillovers, and India seemingly absorbing quantity and price shocks. We find economic policy uncertainty and rising renewable market shares significantly affects volatility spillovers in oil export portfolios. Although some degree of heterogeneity exists, greater deployment of renewables in importing nations reduces adverse impacts of oil market fluctuations. This result and broader ‘net-zero’ policy commitments means rising renewable market shares are predictable. For GCC countries, two consequential long run risks arise, viz. loss of revenues and stranded oil reserves, which has its own policy implications. |
| Keywords: | Gulf Cooperation Council countries; oil exports; total volatility spillovers; renewables; volatility determinants, energy security |
| JEL: | C32 C58 G32 O53 Q41 |
| Date: | 2022–08–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:114164&r= |
| By: | International Monetary Fund |
| Abstract: | The Executive Board approved a 12-month Stand-By Arrangement (SBA) on June 26, 2020, to support the Egyptian authorities’ response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The SBA, at 184.8 percent of quota, was part of a two-step support strategy that was preceded by a purchase under the Rapid Financing Instrument on May 11, 2020, at 100 percent of quota. Both reviews of the SBA were concluded on time and all program conditionality was met. The arrangement expired on June 25, 2021. |
| Date: | 2022–07–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfscr:2022/237&r= |
| By: | International Monetary Fund |
| Abstract: | Saudi Arabia is recovering strongly from the pandemic-induced recession. Higher oil prices provide an opportunity for accelerating further the strong reform drive brought about under Vision 2030. |
| Date: | 2022–08–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfscr:2022/274&r= |
| By: | Chaimaa El Bouffi El Boughli (LARGESS - Laboratoire de Recherche en Gestion, Economie et Sciences Sociales - FSJESJ - faculté des sciences juridiques, économiques et sociales d'El Jadida); Abdelhakim Qachar (LARGESS - Laboratoire de recherche en Gestion, Economie et Sciences Sociales - FSJESJ - faculté des sciences juridiques, économiques et sociales d'El Jadida) |
| Abstract: | At present, everyone agrees that in order to gain competitiveness, we must put the human being at the center of models of economic and social development since it constitutes the wealth of any country, and the key success factor on which all other competitive advantages are based. However, Morocco is one of the country's suffering from the increase in social magnitudes, namely poverty, social injustice, vulnerability, fragility, underemployment, unemployment, social exclusion, etc. It should be noted that such social phenomena weigh heavily on its economy and their absorption remains difficult, hence the need to seek new alternatives to fill its needs. It is in this sense that social entrepreneurship and social innovation are seen as innovative solutions that generate a social, concrete and lasting impact for the benefit of people, especially those who are harmed and disadvantaged. They even allow the creation of wealth, professional integration and the response to social needs not or poorly fulfilled by the state. The purpose of this paper is, on the one hand, to conceptualize the key concepts that interest us in particular social entrepreneurship and social innovation while at the same time exposing the link between the two. On the other hand, explain the transition of innovation to its social form while detecting approaches to social innovation and, of course, some related schools, and finally, examples of Moroccan entities forming an ecosystem of this type of innovation and seeking to promote, disseminate and put it at the heart of all processes. |
| Abstract: | À l'heure actuelle, tous s'accordent à dire que pour gagner en compétitivité, il faut mettre l'être humain au centre des modèles de développement économique et social vu qu'il constitue la richesse de tout pays, ainsi que le facteur clé de succès sur lequel reposent tous les autres avantages compétitifs. Cependant, le Maroc fait partie des pays qui souffrent de l'accentuation des grandeurs sociales à savoir : la pauvreté, l'injustice sociale, la vulnérabilité, le sous-emploi, le chômage, l'exclusion sociale…etc. Il faut noter que de tels phénomènes sociaux pèsent lourd sur son économie et leur absorption demeure difficile, d'où la nécessité de rechercher de nouvelles alternatives permettant de combler ses besoins. C'est dans ce sens que l'entrepreneuriat social et l'innovation sociale sont considérés comme des solutions novatrices et génératrices d'un impact social, concret et durable au profit des populations, plus particulièrement celles lésées et défavorisées. Ils permettent même la création de la richesse, l'insertion professionnelle ainsi que la réponse à des besoins sociaux non ou mal satisfaits par l'état. L'objectif de ce papier est, d'une part, de conceptualiser les notions phares qui nous intéressent notamment l'entrepreneuriat social et l'innovation sociale tout en exposant le lien entre les deux. D'autre part, expliquer le passage de l'innovation vers sa forme sociale tout en décelant les approches de l'innovation sociale et bien évidemment certaines écoles y afférentes, et enfin exposer des exemples d'entités marocaines formant un écosystème de ce type d'innovation et cherchant à la promouvoir, à la diffuser et à la mettre au cœur de tous les processus |
| Keywords: | innovation,social innovation,social entrepreneurship,social entrepreneur,socio-economic development,innovation sociale,entrepreneuriat social,entrepreneur social,développement socioéconomique. |
| Date: | 2022–05–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03691935&r= |
| By: | Abdessamad Ejjiar (UCA - Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech]); Fatima Arib (UCA - Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech]) |
| Abstract: | Today, climate change is one of the major challenges that face the world, it is a considerable threat to mankind and also to its economic activities, the macroeconomic impacts of climate change and low-carbon transition policies on the planet would be moderate overall a relative few hundredth of a percent of world GDP on an annual basis. Understanding what constitutes dangerous climate change is of critical importance for future concerted action (Schneider, 2001, 2002). Developing countries, such as Morocco, consider themselves to be the most vulnerable to the effects of climate change. In contrast to low-income countries, rich countries that have very high greenhouse gas emissions can mitigate and adapt to the impact of climate change. The awareness of this vulnerability was confirmed during the many years of drought that hit the country at the end of the last century and heavily affected the national economy. It is important to have the most recent information on this subject in order to take it into account in the vulnerability assessment and adaptation planning processes. In this work, we purpose a review of the literature on the impact of climate change on economic growth, particularly in Morocco. theoretical analysis of the environmental/economic analysis and the possibility of its application to the Moroccan situation The study finds a significant negative effect on climate change debt on economic growth in Morocco in the short-run and the long-run. It also finds the necessity of implementing an economy to have more ideas about the unknown climate/economic situation in Morocco. |
| Keywords: | Climate change,Economic Growth,DICE Model,Innovation,Morocco |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03695488&r= |
| By: | Anass Bakkour (Université Ibn Tofail Kenitra, Maroc); Zineb Youbi Idrissi (Université Mohammed V de Rabat, Maroc); Mohammed Qmichchou (Université Ibn Tofail Kenitra, Maroc); Samiha Lkhoumsi (USMBA - Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah) |
| Abstract: | With 1 billion monthly active users as of June 2018, Instagram is undoubtedly one of the most popular social networking apps in the world (TechCrunch, 2018). Hashtags have become the lingo of Generation Y. Instagram is a social media networking app that goes far beyond simply uploading and liking photos. This is perhaps one of the crucial reasons for its rise over other social media platforms like Snapchat, Facebook, etc. Indeed, social media platforms, such as Instagram, continue to gain users quickly and increasingly. Brands are using these platforms effectively with new strategies, in order to gain visibility among the public. Among the popular new tactics brands are using is the online "celebrity" known as a social media influencer (SMI). Brands use these celebrities to spread information and influence consumer perceptions. The use of the SMI in communication and marketing campaigns has gained widespread popularity in almost every industry, from beauty and fashion, home and family, health and fitness, travel and lifestyle, food and beverage, business and technology, and entertainment. With the closure of some physical stores, coupled with the potential danger of having to leave home since the first case of Covid19 in Morocco, consumers have turned to online shopping to find the products they need. It is in this perspective that this research takes place. In this article we seek to investigate "the impact of digital marketing through the influence of social networks on purchasing behavior during a health crisis". For this we will first present the factors that affect the purchasing behavior of Moroccan consumers with reference to Instagram. In the second point we will discuss the role of Instagram on the purchasing behavior of Moroccan consumers during a health crisis. Finally, we will present the results of the survey we conducted among 200 consumers using Instagram. The results of our research showed that age, income and education level influenced online shopping behavior during the Covid-19 crisis. |
| Abstract: | Avec 1 milliard d'utilisateurs actifs mensuels en juin 2018, Instagram est sans aucun doute l'une des applications des réseaux sociaux les plus populaires au monde (TechCrunch, 2018). Les hashtags sont devenus le jargon de la génération Y. Instagram constitue une application de réseautage de médias sociaux qui va bien au-delà du simple téléchargement et de l'appréciation de photos. C'est peut-être l'une des raisons cruciales de son essor par rapport aux autres médias sociaux comme Snapchat, Facebook, etc. En effet, les plateformes de médias sociaux, telles qu'Instagram, continuent de gagner rapidement et de plus en plus les utilisateurs. Les marques utilisent ces plateformes de manière efficace avec de nouvelles stratégies, afin de gagner en visibilité auprès du public. Parmi les nouvelles tactiques populaires utilisées par les marques est la « célébrité » en ligne connue sous le nom d'influenceur de médias sociaux (SMI). Les marques utilisent ces célébrités pour diffuser des informations et influencer les perceptions des consommateurs. L'utilisation du SMI dans les campagnes de communication et de marketing a gagné une grande popularité dans presque tous les secteurs, qu'il s'agisse de la beauté et de la mode, de la maison et de la famille, de la santé et de la forme physique, des voyages et du style de vie, de la nourriture et des boissons, des affaires et de la technologie ou du divertissement. Avec la fermeture de certains magasins physiques, couplée au danger potentiel de devoir quitter la maison depuis l'apparition du premier cas de Covid19 au Maroc, les consommateurs se sont tournés vers l'achat en ligne pour trouver les produits dont ils avaient besoin. C'est dans cette perspective que s'inscrit cette recherche. Au niveau de cet article nous cherchons à s'interroger sur « l'impact du marketing digital à travers l'influence par les réseaux sociaux sur le comportement d'achat en période de crise sanitaire ». Pour cela nous présenterons tout d'abord les facteurs qui affectent le comportement d'achat des consommateurs Marocains en référence à Instagram. Au niveau du deuxième point nous abordons le rôle d'Instagram sur le comportement d'achat des consommateurs Marocains en période de crise sanitaire. En dernier lieu nous exposerons les résultats de l'enquête qu'on a menée auprès de 200 consommateurs utilisant Instagram. Les résultats de notre recherche ont montré que l'âge, le revenu et le niveau d'éducation ont exercé une influence sur le comportement d'achat en ligne pendant la crise Covid-19. |
| Keywords: | Digital Marketing,Consumer buying behavior influencers,Instagram,Covid-19,Social media influencers.,Marketing Digital,Facteurs d’influence du comportement d'achat des consommateurs,Influenceurs des médias sociaux. |
| Date: | 2022–05–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03688291&r= |
| By: | Chaymaa Lotfy (UH2MC - Université Hassan II [Casablanca]); Yasmina Bennani Bennis (UH2MC - Université Hassan II [Casablanca]) |
| Abstract: | The study of female representation in traditional male sports structures has allowed us to learn about the level of involvement of women in leadership positions in soccer in Morocco. The main objective of our research is to understand the role of women and the obstacles that prevent them from a better integration in the positions of responsibility in the sports environment. To study the discrimination of women in access to decision-making bodies, and the barriers that prevent them from easily passing through the decision-making processes. We distributed 50 questionnaires and interviewed women (N = 4) who currently hold senior positions in the field of sport. The analysis of the data shows that women are likely to experience problems in sectors that have not reached a certain critical mass of women and as long as they are a minority in the decision-making spheres within a sports sector, they may encounter obstacles. Thus, the study shows that this low presence is due to the presence of prejudices of women with a traditional vision, the lack of motivation and the weight of family and professional obligations. In the end, we can deduce that the social environment as well as the cultural level diminish the gap that can exist between men and women and allows both of them to have an almost equal access to the sports environment in general and to the positions of responsibility in particular. This work is relevant in the search for measures that promote the accessibility of women in the decision-making process to develop and promote the female component in sport. |
| Abstract: | L'étude de la représentation féminine dans des structures sportives traditionnellement dites masculines nous a permis de nous renseigner sur le niveau d'implication des femmes dans les postes de direction en Football au Maroc. L'objectif principal de notre recherche est de comprendre le rôle des femmes et les obstacles qui les gênent pour une meilleure intégration dans les postes de responsabilité en milieu sportif. Nous voulons étudier la discrimination des femmes pour accéder aux instances de décisions, et les barrières qui les entravent pour participer au processus décisionnel. Nous avons distribué 50 questionnaires et interviewé les femmes (N = 4) qui détiennent aujourd'hui des postes haut placés dans le domaine du sport. L'analyse des données fait apparaître que les femmes sont susceptibles de vivre des problèmes dans des secteurs qui n'ont pas atteint une certaine masse critique (de nombre de femmes) ; tant qu'elles seront minoritaires dans les sphères de décision au sein d'un secteur sportif, elles pourront rencontrer des obstacles. Ainsi, l'étude montre que cette faible présence est due à l'existence de préjugés des femmes elles-mêmes avec une vision traditionaliste, à leur manque de motivation et au poids des obligations familiales et professionnelles. Enfin, nous pouvons déduire que le milieu social ainsi que le niveau culturel diminuent l'écart qu'il peut y avoir entre hommes et femmes et permet ainsi de faciliter aux deux de manière quasi égale, l'accès au milieu sportif en général et aux postes de responsabilité en particulier. Ce travail puise sa pertinence dans la recherche des mesures qui favorisent l'accessibilité des femmes au processus décisionnel pour développer et promouvoir le volet sportif féminin. |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03747660&r= |
| By: | International Monetary Fund |
| Abstract: | Selected Issues |
| Date: | 2022–08–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfscr:2022/275&r= |
| By: | Ahmed OUTOUZZALT (Université Ibn Zohr [Agadir]); Abdelkbir Elouidani (Université Ibn Zohr [Agadir]); Rania Elouidani (Université Ibn Zohr [Agadir]) |
| Abstract: | Sustainable investment, unlike other approaches, does not require rejecting investments based on their sector of activity or investing in specialized instruments. It simply entails taking environmental, social and governance criteria into account when making investment decisions. Environmental, social and governance issues are considered the three pillars of sustainability, and their integration into investment decisions is growing worldwide. In Morocco, the Casablanca Stock Exchange introduced a stock market index in 2018 called "Casablanca ESG 10". This index calculates the stock price performance of socially responsible companies based on environmental, social and governance criteria. It is a device for recognizing and taking into account social and environmental commitments, which leads to a promoting research field. Therefore, this study allowed us to identify environmental, social and corporate governance factors that influence the investment decision among Moroccan individual investors. The results showed that social and governance criteria is among the factors deemed significant by our research model that directly affects investment intention and indirectly affects participation in the stock market. |
| Abstract: | L'investissement durable, contrairement aux autres approches, ne requiert pas de rejeter des investissements au regard de leurs secteurs d'activité ou d'investir dans des instruments spécialisés. Il entraine simplement de prendre en compte les critères de l'environnement, le sociale et la gouvernance dans la prise de décision d'investissement. Les questions environnementaux, sociaux et de gouvernance sont considérées comme les trois piliers de la durabilité, et leur intégration dans les décisions d'investissement est en pleine croissance dans le monde entier. Au Maroc, la bourse de Casablanca a mis en place en 2018 un indice boursier nommé « Casablanca ESG 10 ». Cet indice calcule la performance des cours boursiers des entreprises socialement responsables sur la base de critères environnementaux, sociaux et de gouvernance. C'est un dispositif de reconnaissance et de prise en compte des engagements sociaux et environnementaux, ce qui entraine un terrain de recherche promoteur. Par conséquent, Cette étude nous a permis de mettre en évidence des facteurs environnementaux, sociaux et de gouvernance d'entreprise qui influencent la décision d'investissement chez les investisseurs individuels marocains. Les résultats ont montré que les critères sociaux et de gouvernance est parmi les facteurs jugés significatifs par notre modèle de recherche qui affecte directement l'intention d'investissement et indirectement la participation au marché boursier. |
| Keywords: | Sustainable investment,Investor’s behavior,ESG,Stock market.,Investissement durable,Comportement des investisseurs,Marché boursier,Investor's behavior |
| Date: | 2022–07–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03739144&r= |
| By: | Chiad, Faycal; Hadj Sahraoui, Hamoudi |
| Abstract: | Arab stock exchanges have witnessed tremendous growth in recent decades, and the number of listed companies and the size of stock market capitalization have increased. In the light of this remarkable growth, this study aims to find out what are the most important determinants and economic factors affecting this development during the period 2006– 2017. By employing panel data models, we find that trade openness; market liquidity, money supply and economic growth have positive impacts on stock market development, whereas the global financial crisis has negative impact. Based on these results, measures should be taken to improve market liquidity, control of money supply, and maintain a balanced economic growth rate to promote the development of Arab stock exchanges. Policy recommendations are provided based on these findings. |
| Keywords: | Macroeconomic variables; stock markets development; Arab countries; panel data analysis. |
| JEL: | C22 C23 E44 |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:113797&r= |
| By: | International Monetary Fund |
| Abstract: | The new Dirham Monetary Framework developed by the Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates (CBUAE) operationalizes a floor system and provides a complete set of instruments to manage liquidity under a fixed exchange rate arrangement and capital mobility. This technical assistance report presents an overview of this operational framework and a set of recommendations to streamline and further improve it especially with regards to: (i) the discontinuation of the FX swap facility; (ii) the issuance of central bank bills; (iii) the design of fine-tuning operations; and (iv) the design and calibration of the reserves requirements. Moreover, the report provides a complete liquidity forecasting infrastructure, using cutting-edge statistical methods, to project the changes in the supply of banks reserves through the forecast of the three main autonomous factors. It also offers a statistical approach to estimate the optimal liquidity surplus and calibrate the operational mix between the different liquidity absorptions instruments. At last, the report investigates the functioning and structure of the UAE money markets. |
| Date: | 2022–07–22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfscr:2022/236&r= |
| By: | Bezoui Hajar (Université Mohammed V de Rabat [Agdal]); Barmaki Loubna (Université Mohammed V de Rabat [Agdal]) |
| Abstract: | With the financial crisis of 2008, the issue of CSR seems to gain a new field of application in financial institutions and more specifically banks. The main objective of this research work is to study the impact of consumers' perceptions of corporate social responsibility on the trust they place in their companies. To this end, a field study was carried out with 286 consumers of financial products and services from banks involved in CSR in Morocco. It emerges that consumers' perceptions of CSR play a significant role in shaping consumer confidence in their banks, directly and indirectly by highlighting certain moderating variables such as consumer expectations in terms of CSR, their level of personal support for different causes and their perceptions of the motivations of companies that implement CSR policies. Our results indicate that a consumer perceives a bank as socially responsible, and in addition to its environmental responsibility, it assumes a responsibility towards its employees and consumers. The latter participates most in the formation of global CSR, and this means that it has more impact on trust than any other dimension. This study highlights the potential benefits of CSR engagement in relation to an important stakeholder category. We want to show that alongside the effects of CSR on the image and reputation of the company, CSR activities if they are well perceived by consumers play on satisfaction, loyalty and consumer confidence in the company. |
| Abstract: | Avec la crise financière de 2008, la problématique de la responsabilité sociale des entreprises semble gagner un nouveau champ d'application, celui des établissements financiers et plus précisément les banques. L'objectif principal de cette recherche est d'étudier l'impact des perceptions des consommateurs en matière de RSE sur la confiance qu'ils accordent à leurs banques. A cette fin, une étude de terrain a été réalisée auprès de 286 consommateurs des produits et services financiers auprès des banques engagées RSE au Maroc. Il en ressort que les perceptions des consommateurs en matière de RSE jouent un rôle non négligeable dans la formation de la confiance des consommateurs vis-à-vis de leurs banques, directement et indirectement en mettant en lumière certaines variables modératrices. Nos résultats indiquent qu'un consommateur perçoit une banque comme socialement responsable si celle-ci assume en plus de sa responsabilité environnementale, une responsabilité envers ses employés et ses consommateurs. Cette dernière participe le plus à la formation de la RSE globale et cela signifie qu'elle a plus d'impact sur la confiance que toutes les autres dimensions. Cette étude met en lumière les bénéfices potentiels de l'engagement RSE des banques par rapport à une catégorie de partie prenante très importante. Nous souhaitons montrer qu'à côté des effets de la RSE sur l'image et la réputation de la banque, les activités de RSE si elles sont bien perçues par les consommateurs jouent sur leur satisfaction, fidélité et confiance vis-à-vis de leurs banques. |
| Keywords: | Corporate social responsibility,Perception of corporate social responsibility,Banking sector,Moroccan consumer,Trust in the bank |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03728323&r= |
| By: | Younes El Ansari (Université Mohammed V) |
| Abstract: | It is undeniable that the quality of an advocacy depends on the one hand, on the capacity of its supporters to convince, to «struggle», to affirm their positions, to involve their detractors. This observation is even more true if we are in the logic of the labor relationship, this «antagonistic» relationship between a labor force, which claims more recognition for the use-value it produces, and what the capitalist appreciates in it, what he puts into it, what he supposes to be able to use, in this force, to realize his surplus-value. In Morocco, following the advent of labor law in 2003 a new social dynamic emerged, creating new forms of regulation of social relations in productive spheres. This balance of power, makes and breaks the equilibrium, redefines, sometimes even in the opposite direction, the rights and the obligations of each part of the wage relationship. Consequently, it is particularly interesting to consider the quality of the institutions participating in this "negotiation". This article aims at analyzing the evolution of institutions charged with defending the interests of employees according to what the Moroccan law (labor law) defines. we are of the mind of the institution of employee delegates and the institution of union representation. We want to learn how this institution has evolved over a decade (or more) following the establishment of this new regulatory framework for industrial relations. We take a confirmatory approach that defines a positivist epistemological positioning (Henning, Van Rensburg and Smit, 2004, p. 17). The stakeholder theory is our corpus. we agree.to position ourselves in a "neo-institutional" vision. this vision tries to understand productive organizations, which are institutions made up of a set of contracts. Fashion of reasoning is the deduction. we will use the official databases in this area to explain the causal relationship between the new framework for regulating industrial relations in the company in Morocco and the emergence of a form of «technocracy». the latter has the objective of establishing power in favor of the labor force, in the sense of a stakeholder as proposed by Freeman (1984). Freeman defines a stakeholder as "any individual or group that may affect or be affected by the achievement of the organization's objectives". We have noted that this institution has generally been able to make a quantitative and qualitative place for itself to act on social dialogue. when it has a trade union membership, it remains contrasted by the membership of one central or another. |
| Abstract: | Il est indéniable que la qualité d'un plaidoyer dépend, en premier, de la capacité de ses teneurs à convaincre, à se « battre » jusqu'au bout, pour faire valoir leurs positions, pour faire adhérer leurs détracteurs. Ce constat est encore plus vrai si on se situe dans la logique de la relation salariale, cette relation « antagoniste » entre une force de travail, qui revendique plus de reconnaissance à la valeur d'usage produite, et ce que la capitaliste apprécie en elle, ce qu'il y met, ce qu'il suppose capable d'user, dans cette force, pour réaliser sa plus-value. Dans le contexte marocain, depuis l'avènement, en 2003, du code du travail, de nouvelles dynamiques sociales se sont émergées, engendrant ainsi de nouvelles formes de régulation de la relation sociale dans les sphères productives. Ce rapport de forces, fait et défait les équilibres, redéfinit, parfois même en contresens, les droits et les obligations de chaque partie de la relation salariale. Dès lors, se poser la question de la qualité des institutions qui sont parties prenantes de cette « négociation » revêt, pour nous, un intérêt particulier. Cet article vise à mettre la lumière sur l'évolution des institutions chargées de défendre les intérêts des salariés, du moins dans une acceptation de ce que le droit marocain (le code du travail) définit, nous pensons à l'institution de délégués des salariés et l'institution de la représentation syndicale. Nous voulons savoir comment à évoluer cette institution durant une décennie (ou plus) après l'instauration de ce nouveau cadre de régulation des relations sociales. Nous tentons de suivre une approche confirmatoire qui définit un positionnement épistémologique positiviste (Henning, Van Rensburg et Smit, 2004, p. 17). Le corpus théorique mobilisé est celui de la théorie des parties prenantes, nous acceptons de se positionner dans une vision « néo-institutionnelle », qui cherche à comprendre les organisations productives, comme des institutions reposant sur un ensemble de contrats. Le mode de raisonnement est la déduction. Nous allons exploiter les bases de données officielles dans ce domaine pour expliquer la relation entre la mise en place d'un cadre de régulation des relations sociales dans l'entreprise au Maroc et l'émergence d'une forme de « technocratie » dont l'objectif est d'assoir un pouvoir en faveur de l'émergence d'une force de travail dans le sens d'une partie prenante telle que proposée par Freeman (1984). Freeman définit une partie prenante comme « tout individu ou groupe qui peut affecter ou être affecté par la réalisation des objectifs de l'organisation ». Nous avons constaté que généralement cette institution a su se faire une place tant au niveau quantitatif que qualitatif dans le l'action du dialogue social, tandis que, lorsqu'elle adhère à une étiquette syndicale, elle reste contrastée par l'appartenance à une centrale ou une autre. |
| Date: | 2022–05–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03723876&r= |
| By: | Yassine Jaber (Mohammed V University of Rabat, Morocco - Faculty of Law, Economics and Social Sciences of Souissi); Ismail Kabouri (Mohammed V University of Rabat, Morocco - Faculty of Law, Economics and Social Sciences of Souissi); Mohamed Bouzahzah (Mohammed V University of Rabat, Morocco - Faculty of Law, Economics and Social Sciences of Souissi); Ibourk Aomar; Mohamed Karim (Mohammed V University of Rabat, Morocco - Faculty of Law, Economics and Social Sciences of Souissi) |
| Abstract: | This paper aims to investigate the cointegration and causal effect of economic growth and education in the case of Morocco, over the period 1990 to 2019. Education in all of it's forms, considered a fundamental factor of development. Therefore, a country needs to invest more in education. Without a significant investment in education (or human capital), no country can achieve sustainable economic development. Several studies have used various proxies for education, which is the enrollment rate at primary, secondary and tertiary levels (Chatterji, 1998). However, in our study, the quantity dimension of education is proxies by primary, secondary, and tertiary enrolment ratios and an education index. To investigate the relationship between education and economic growth the Auto-regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach developed by Pesaran et al., (2001) and the Augmented Granger Causality approach given by Toda and Yamamoto (1995) are applied. To do that, we have used time-series data on economic growth, labor force, physical capital and four separate education indexes from 1990 to 2019. The data are collected from the World Development Indicators (WDI) and Human Development Reports (HDR). Furthermore, we used a global measure of education, called the education index, by adopting the UNDP methodology. The education index is a proxy for education development. The several indicators were used to demonstrate the robustness of the empirical results. Our results of the ARDL-bound test show that there exist cointegration between economic growth and education. The results also show that there is bidirectional causality between education and economic growth. All levels of education Granger cause economic growth, while economic growth causes all indicators of education except gross enrollment ratio, primary in all cases of causality analysis. These findings suggest that the government should invest in gross primary enrollment to accelerate economic growth, which leads to further education and thus economic growth. |
| Keywords: | ARDL bounds test,Education index,Gross enrolment ratio,Economic growth,Toda-Yamamoto approach JEL Classification: C5 C22,I25,O4 Paper type: Empirical research |
| Date: | 2022–06–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03694377&r= |
| By: | Omar Hadjene (University of Algiers 3 : Université d' Alger 3); Radia Bakhtache (University of Algiers 3 : Université d' Alger 3) |
| Abstract: | Like the countries of the world hit by the Covid-19 pandemic, Algeria has seen its economic and social situation deteriorate, by being already weakened by the collapse of the oil rent, the engine of internal growth, in particular since 2014. This article wonders about the effects of this combination of crisis (economic and health), which is considered severe, on Algeria. With this in mind, an examination of the economic situation before and during the health crisis was adopted in order to support the avenues of reflection for adéquate public policies. These will have, from our point of view, two main axes as a priority. The economic and social smoothing of its simultaneous analyzed effects, with the aim of preserving the social character of the State which is at the heart of Algerian society, and secondly the internal recovery which will guarantee the resilience and sustainability of our economy, this revival remains conditioned, even if the pandemic situation ends, by the structural economic reform which will ensure the transition towards a more diversified economy, this one is urgently needed. |
| Abstract: | A l'instar des pays du monde frappés par la pandémie Covid-19, l'Algérie a vu sa situation économique et sociale se dégrader en étant déjà fragilisée par l'effondrement de la rente pétrolière moteur de croissance interne notamment depuis 2014. Cet article s'interroge sur les effets de cette combinaison de crise (économique et sanitaire), qu'on estime sévère, sur l'Algérie. Dans cette optique, un examen de la conjoncture économique d'avant et durant la crise sanitaire fut adopté afin d'appuyer les pistes de réflexions pour des politiques publiques adéquates. Ces dernières auront, de notre point de vu, deux grands axes comme priorité. Le lissage économique et sociale de ses effets simultanés analysés, dans le but de préserver le caractère sociale de l'Etat qui est au coeur de la société Algérienne, et dans un second lieu la relance interne qui garantira la résilience et la durabilité de notre économie, cette relance reste conditionnée, même si la situation pandémique prend fin, par la réforme économique structurelle qui assurera la transition vers une économie plus diversifié, celle-ci s'impose instamment. |
| Keywords: | Covid-19,Economic crisis,Economic growth,Hydrocarbons,covid-19,crise économique,croissance,carré magique,hydrocarbures,Magic square |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03723464&r= |
| By: | Mohamed Amrhar (ENCG - École Nationale de Commerce et de Gestion d'Agadir - Université Ibn Zohr [Agadir]); Khadija Angade (ENCG - École Nationale de Commerce et de Gestion d'Agadir - Université Ibn Zohr [Agadir]) |
| Abstract: | Financial crime is a widespread issue for organizations, institutions. Criminals adopt more complex techniques to circumvent judicial scrutiny and conduct crimes as regulators and financial authorities use new strategies to detect and prevent financial offenses. Financial crimes are financial offenses perpetrated by individuals within organizations, most of the time in order to acquire a financial advantage through the employment of illegal methods. It involves taking money or other property that belongs to someone else, to obtain a financial or professional gain. The purpose of this article is to present a review of academic literature on financial crimes theories that have emphasized the theatrical framework since the advent of the differential association theory developed by Edwin Sutherland in the 1940s, which shed light on the realms of finance and crime, and exhibit empirical findings from a documentary study of convicted public officials to provide an outline of the main forms of financial offenses that occur in the Moroccan public sector. This documentary study is founded on a nationwide sample of 139 final judgments that was collected based on financial court reports released between 2013 and 2019. The wide range of financial infractions is classified in this paper by adopting two main categories of financial offenses that are, infractions that occur in the public spending area, and state revenues area. The majority of the offenders were convicted of breaking public procurement and public debt recoverylegislation. Using a Likert scale (1 to 5), we concluded that, on average, public officials in high-ranking positions incurred severe financial sanctions. The findings also demonstrate a strong correlation between the offenders' occupations rank and the heaviness of financial sentences. This research only encompasses cases of financial offenses that have passed through the entire legal procedure and whose final decisions have already been issued; other sorts of financial offenses may be excluded owing to a lack of evidence to prosecute public officials. Furthermore, other data regarding financial offenses that occur in the public sphere are present in the criminal records of the criminal chamber responsible for financial crimes, or in cases reported by the National Authority for Probity, Prevention, and the Fight Against Corruption. However access to this data is a challenge. |
| Keywords: | Financial infractions,Categorization,Sanctioning pattern,Public sector,Morocco |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03747888&r= |
| By: | Bouzid Bourenane (Algiers3 University Algeria); Kamel Rezig (Blida2 University Lounici Ali); Zakaria Djorfi (TIPAZA UNIVERSITY CENTER DZA - Partenaires IRSTEA - IRSTEA - Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture) |
| Abstract: | This paper aims to examine the impact of foreign exchange reserves on foreign direct investment in Algeria during the period 1990-2020 by applying the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag model (ARDL). The model showed that the current variables are co-integrated. Also, the results indicate that foreign exchange reserves have a positive impact on foreign direct investment in the long term only, at a rate of 44%. |
| Keywords: | Foreign exchange reserves,foreign direct investment,ARDL Model,Algeria JEL Classification Codes : F31,F21,C51,O55 |
| Date: | 2022–06–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03723479&r= |
| By: | Neily, Oussama; Neily, Mohamed |
| Abstract: | Many failures in water distribution groups (GDA) have been induced. We will try through this research to explore the main sources of groups fragility. We will use as a sample, 10 commercial groups operating in The Tunisian territory. Our research covers a 10-year study period from 2013-2021. It discusses the relationship between liquidity risk and credit risk as well as the implications for the strength of GDA groups during the same period. Most academic research validates that credit risk and liquidity risk do not have a contemporary or temporally significant reciprocal relationship economically and the idea of the relationship between the two risk categories is positive and can amplify other risk categories. |
| Keywords: | GDA, drinking water distribution, liquidity and credit problems, solidity, Tunisian groups. |
| JEL: | G2 G20 G29 |
| Date: | 2022–08–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:114130&r= |
| By: | Braiki Houssem (INAT - Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie); Emeline Hassenforder (UMR G-EAU - Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, Cirad-ES - Département Environnements et Sociétés - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement); Guillaume Lestrelin (UMR TETIS - Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Cirad-ES - Département Environnements et Sociétés - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement); Sylvie Morardet (UMR G-EAU - Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Nicolas Faysse (UMR G-EAU - Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, Cirad-ES - Département Environnements et Sociétés - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement); Soumaya Younsi (INAT - Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie); Nils Ferrand (UMR G-EAU - Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Crystèle Léauthaud (UMR G-EAU - Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, Cirad-ES - Département Environnements et Sociétés - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement); Nadhira Ben Aissa (INAT - Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie); Safouane Mouelhi (INRGREF - Institut National de Recherche en Génie Rural Eaux et Forêts - ENGREF - Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts - IRESA - Institution de la Recherche et de l'Enseignement Supérieur Agricoles [Tunis]); Sihem Jebari (INRGREF - Institut National de Recherche en Génie Rural Eaux et Forêts - ENGREF - Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts - IRESA - Institution de la Recherche et de l'Enseignement Supérieur Agricoles [Tunis]); Xavier Augusseau (UMR TETIS - Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Cirad-ES - Département Environnements et Sociétés - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement); Amar Imache (LISODE); Audrey Barbe (LISODE); Jean-Yves Jamin (UMR G-EAU - Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement); Houria Amri (CRDA ARIANA TUN - Partenaires IRSTEA - IRSTEA - Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture); Hajer Khelil-Arfa (CRDA ARIANA TUN - Partenaires IRSTEA - IRSTEA - Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture); Ali Bayar (CRDA ARIANA TUN - Partenaires IRSTEA - IRSTEA - Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture); Anissa Ben Hassine (CRDA ARIANA TUN - Partenaires IRSTEA - IRSTEA - Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture); Rouhia Ferchichi (CRDA ARIANA TUN - Partenaires IRSTEA - IRSTEA - Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture); Kamel Ghanmi (CRDA ARIANA TUN - Partenaires IRSTEA - IRSTEA - Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture); Fathi Haddeji (CRDA ARIANA TUN - Partenaires IRSTEA - IRSTEA - Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture); Khadija Harbaoui (CRDA ARIANA TUN - Partenaires IRSTEA - IRSTEA - Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture); Noura Messaoudi (CRDA ARIANA TUN - Partenaires IRSTEA - IRSTEA - Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture); Ezzeddine Zouari (CRDA ARIANA TUN - Partenaires IRSTEA - IRSTEA - Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture) |
| Abstract: | More and more literature and practice recommend involving the public at the early stages of the policy cycle, i.e. issue identification, definition of the policy objectives and policy design. Policy design involves, among others, identifying solutions, ideas or alternatives which may address the policy objectives. Three main arguments are often put forward to advocate for the involvement of stakeholders, or the public, in policy design: a "user-centered " argument (i.e. for the policy to better meet people's priorities), an innovation argument (i.e. to conceive new solutions) and a collective argument (i.e. to identify collective actions and better tackle environmental problems). However, in both research and practice these arguments have been challenged. Research has insufficiently generated evidence of the influence of large-scale participation in policy design on resulting proposed actions. The objective of this paper is to analyze whether a large-scale participatory process leads to action proposals that fit people's priorities and that are innovative and collective. It draws from a land management and rural development policy design experiment conducted in six vulnerable areas of Tunisia. 4,300 direct participants were involved and 11,583 action proposals were collected. Our results highlight the influence of the local circumstances on innovation and the interest towards collective actions. Our results also show that whether policy design is made individually or in group influences the outcomes. The results also suggest that appropriate facilitation can help fostering more collective and innovative actions. We conclude the paper by opening up the idea of hybridizing policy design methods with methods from political and agricultural sciences in order to better understand the drivers and rationalities behind participants' action proposals. |
| Keywords: | Land use policy,Tunisia,Participatory planning |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03737537&r= |
| By: | Benchaib Mohamed (UMBB - Université M'Hamed Bougara Boumerdes) |
| Abstract: | Domestic (internal) tourism is currently considered as an important strategic option, as it is one of the most important sectors contributing to achieving economic and social development goals, as Algeria has natural, cultural, and heritage tourism potentials that make it a tourist destination and a tourist attraction by excellence, and we have relied in our research on the descriptive approach in an attempt to know the strategy followed by the government in order to advance this sector in light of the significant decline left by the Corona Covid-19 pandemic, the results showed that appropriate strategies must be followed that target the internal tourism markets in order to attract more tourists by providing various services and entertainment at the same time, at competitive prices with diversification of promotional activities and marketing through social networking sites, in addition to attention to monitoring, evaluation and follow-up of tourist destinations and attention to their cleanliness. |
| Keywords: | tourism,domestictourism,Algeria,development,element of tourist attractions. JEL Classification Codes :M310,N01,O1,Q01 |
| Date: | 2022–06–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03723545&r= |
| By: | Mona Aghabeygi (JRC - European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Seville]); Kamel Louhichi (UMR PSAE - Paris-Saclay Applied Economics - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Sergio Gomez (JRC - European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Seville]) |
| Abstract: | The aim of this paper is to assess the potential impacts of different fertilizer subsidy reform options on the performance of the Iranian crops production sector. This is achieved using a Regional Crop Programming (RCP) model, based on Positive Mathematical Programming, which includes in total 14 crop activities and encompasses 31 administrative regions. The RCP model is a collection of micro-economic models, working with exogenous prices, each representing the optimal crop allocation at the regional level. The model is calibrated against observed data on crop acreage, yield responses to nitrogen application, and exogenous supply elasticities. Simulation results show that a total removal of nitrogen fertilizer subsidies would affect the competitiveness of crops with the highest nitrogen application rates and lead to a slight reduction of national agricultural income, at approximately 1%. This effect, which is more pronounced at the regional level, is driven by area reallocation rather than land productivity. The reallocation of nitrogen fertilizer subsidy to only strategic crops boost their production and income but increase disparity among regions and affects negatively welfare compared to the current universal fertilizer program. The transfer efficiency analysis shows that both target and universal simulated options are inefficient with an efficiency score below one. |
| Keywords: | agricultural policy,fertilizer subsidy,land use effect,Regional Crop Model,Positive Mathematical Programing (PMP),Iran |
| Date: | 2022–07–22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03738928&r= |
| By: | Nacer-Eddine Mouffok (Université Abderrahmane Mira [Béjaïa]); Salim Saidani (Université Abderrahmane Mira, Algeria) |
| Abstract: | The renewal policy is one of the policies that companies resort to enforce after a period of starting their activity.We note that the rapid technological advancements in machine design are preparing many enterprises to improve their performance and develop production in a better and more advantageous form.And our study makes it possible to develop a rational policy for the acquisition of machines in an industrial installation. |
| Keywords: | Banks,bejaia,business center,credit,SMEs. JEL Classification Codes: G310,G320,changement,l'innovation,l'environnement,Productivité,flexibilité,Processus. Code Jel :O32,O33,L22 change,innovation,environment,Productivity,flexibility,Process. JEL Classification Codes:O32,L22 |
| Date: | 2022–06–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03723490&r= |
| By: | Tebache Djamal (UFAS1 - Université Ferhat-Abbas Sétif 1 [Sétif]); Chetbani Saida (Université Abderrahmane Mira [Béjaïa]) |
| Abstract: | The main objective of this paper is to explain this major turning point in world trade, particularly in a context of the Covid-19 health crisis and confinement. In this study, we rely on the theory of uncertainty to justify consumer choices, and we look at the situation of e-commerce in Algeria. The obtained results predict a more intensive digital revolution, which requires an adaptation to this possible trend, especially for developing countries that are lagging far behind in popularizing the use of ICTs. |
| Keywords: | Digitalization,ICTs,Covid-19,e-commerce,Algeria. JEL Classification Codes: D1,C5,M1,O3 |
| Date: | 2022–06–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03723467&r= |
| By: | Jamee, Akram |
| Abstract: | This article examines the impact of the financial crisis of 2022 on the global economy, especially in MENA countries that are more directly embedded, With the aim of arriving at proposals that serve the Palestinian case, while commensurate with its specificity. We have tried to answer three central questions: First: What is the reality of rising prices globally and its relationship to the state of food insecurity? Second: What are the effects of rising prices globally on the Middle East and North Africa? Third: What are the repercussions of the global crisis on Palestine? The study concluded that the possibility of gradually increasing prices must coincide with the importance of continuing to seek more financial support provided by the international community to the Palestinian government. In addition, those decision-makers should put before them the social axis as a reform priority. Moreover, that the government must confront the threat of food insecurity and mitigate the impact of high international prices on the poor as soon as possible. Especially protecting vulnerable families, strengthening social safety nets, and mitigating the impact of price hikes on households through subsidizing food and energy products. |
| Keywords: | high prices, food security, Palestine, the Middle East, and North Africa, consumer price index, inflation, the Corona pandemic, the Russian-Ukrainian war |
| JEL: | F5 H1 P1 Q4 Q41 Q48 |
| Date: | 2022–07–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:114057&r= |
| By: | Benzarour, Choukri |
| Abstract: | There is increasing pressure on business organisations to behave ethically, in addition to running their operations in the most economical, efficient and effective manner possible to increase performance. This article aims at evaluating the aspects of business ethics, significance of business ethics to Algerian handicraft sector, ethical dilemmas and challenges of SMEs, particularly in developing countries, and suggests strategies to address ethical dilemmas and challenges. |
| Keywords: | business ethics, handicraft, Treatment Strategies, Algeria. |
| JEL: | K4 L2 L26 L67 |
| Date: | 2022–07–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:113847&r= |